Captive Bluefin Tuna inside a transport cage.
Greenpeace is calling on the countries of the Mediterranean to protect bluefin tuna with marine reserves in their breeding and feeding areas.
Bluefin tuna is highlyprized in Asian markets as sushi, and overfishing has decimated thestocks. Bluefin are slow to mature and many young tuna are caughtbefore they have the chance to reproduce. Greenpeace and other environmental groups have called for the closure of the bluefin tuna fisheries, to give them time to recover. But the governments responsible for managing the fishery are refusing to listen.
The annual meeting of the International Commission for the Conservationof Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), concluded in Marrakech with an agreement allowing over 22,000 tonnes of bluefin tuna to be landed -- around 7,500 tonnes over the levelrecommended by scientists to avoid the collapse of the population.
Governments also approved catches of 1800 tonnes of bluefin off theAtlantic coast of Canada and the US. This quota represents a slight reductioncompared to 2008 allowances, but does not live up to the precautionary approachGreenpeace advocates.
The last-chance tuna bazaar
Tuna populations in theAtlantic and Mediterranean fall under the 'management' of ICCAT, a bodymade up of government representation from 45 countries plus theEuropean Community. But this year's session looked more like a bazaar, in which buyers haggled over the last remaining tuna, than an international meeting.
The management plan they agreed to fails to protect the spawning population and merely shortens the purse seine fishing season, responsible for thebulk of illegal catches, by 10 days.
The European Union,representing the majority of Mediterranean countries with interests inthe bluefin tuna fishery, bullied other parties in the meeting intoagreeing to management proposals which completely fail to follow theadvice of ICCAT's own scientific body to substantially reduce fishingand protect the species' spawning grounds.
The pressure from the Europeancountries has been so strong that they have even managed to slow downthe 'payback' for the illegal catches made in the region in 2007.
Time for new management
"Thegame is over - ICCAT has missed its last chance to save the bluefintuna from stock collapse," said Sebastian Losada, Greenpeace SpainOceans Campaigner, who has been attending the Marrakech meeting."Bluefin tuna has become an endangered species because of ICCATmismanagement. It's time to take the fishery out of their hands andlook to Conventions like CITES to impose trade restrictions on thespecies."
CITES is the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species.
"Thesepast seven days have demonstrated that ICCAT is a farce," said Losada.
In2006, following years of extremely high levels of pirate fishing, amongothers by European Union fishing vessels, ICCAT agreed a bluefin tuna"recovery plan" that set a 'Total Allowable Catch' of 29,500 tonnes forthe Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. ICCAT's own ScientificCommittee recommended a sustainable limit of 15,000 tonnes. Since then, the very same scientists have estimated that actual bluefin tuna catches were about 61,000 tonnes in 2007.
Greenpeace demanded a closure of the fishery until a proper recovery plan is inplace including at a very minimum a Total Allowed Catch (TAC) in linewith the scientific advice, a seasonal closure covering the months ofMay, June and July and the establishment of marine reserves to protectthe bluefin tuna spawning grounds.
Disgrace
TheEuropean Union and the main fishing countries such as Spain and France,which currently leads the Union of 27 Member States, should bear thebrunt of the criticism for this shameful outcome. They have againplaced short term financial gain ahead of the long-term survival of thespecies, and of the livelihood of fishermen that depend on it.
A recently released performance review of ICCAT written by a panel of experts appointed by ICCAT itself recommended"the suspension of fishing on bluefin tuna in the eastern Atlantic andMediterranean" and states that "the management ... of this bluefin tuna fishery in the Mediterranean is widely seen as an international disgrace."
Sadly, ICCAT has lived up to that reputation.
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