Logging is illegal when the timber is harvested, processed, transported, brought or sold in violation of national laws.
Laws can be violated at many different stages of the supply chain such as:
- Obtaining logging concessions illegally (e.g. via corruption and bribery, or without lawful consent).
- Violating export bans.
- Cutting protected tree species or extracting them from a protected area.
- Taking out more trees than permitted, cutting down under sized or oversized trees, or logging outside a permitted area.
- Fraudulent declaration to customs of the amount or nature of timber present.
- Use of fraudulent documents to smuggle timber internationally.