{"id":28856,"date":"2020-02-10T16:46:42","date_gmt":"2020-02-10T21:46:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/?p=28856"},"modified":"2020-02-10T16:49:03","modified_gmt":"2020-02-10T21:49:03","slug":"what-you-might-not-know-about-indigenous-law-and-the-raids-on-wetsuweten","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/story\/28856\/what-you-might-not-know-about-indigenous-law-and-the-raids-on-wetsuweten\/","title":{"rendered":"What you might not know about Indigenous law and the raids on Wet&#8217;suwet&#8217;en"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large  caption-style-blue-overlay caption-alignment-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-canada-stateless\/2020\/02\/699b522b-gp0strn0t_web_size.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-28910\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-canada-stateless\/2020\/02\/699b522b-gp0strn0t_web_size.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-canada-stateless\/2020\/02\/699b522b-gp0strn0t_web_size-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-canada-stateless\/2020\/02\/699b522b-gp0strn0t_web_size-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-canada-stateless\/2020\/02\/699b522b-gp0strn0t_web_size-510x340.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>Chief Na\u2019Moks, Hereditary Chief of the Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en.\n\nThousands gather in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, for Indigenous-led &#8220;Protect the Inlet&#8221; mass mobilization against the Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain Expansion pipeline.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p>The images and stories coming out\u00a0of the the RCMP raids on Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en are disheartening, disturbing and reflect a certain dishonesty about Canadian officials&#8217; self-described commitment to Indigenous rights and reconciliation. <\/p>\n\n<p>Lands Defenders of the Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en Nation are resisting a $6-billion, 670-kilometre pipeline set to be constructed through their territory. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vice.com\/en_ca\/article\/qjdjaq\/rcmp-are-raiding-wetsuweten-land-defender-camps\">Raids by armed RCMP officers<\/a> over the past few days have led to the arrest, detainment and denied access of Indigenous Peoples from their lands. The Canadian Association of Journalists and others have <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/thenarwhalca\/status\/1225605391645470720?s=20\">condemned police crackdowns<\/a> on reporters covering the raids.<\/p>\n\n<p>The complexity of <em>what<\/em> laws and <em>whose<\/em> laws apply is something you won\u2019t always see or hear in news reports. <a href=\"https:\/\/ricochet.media\/en\/contributors\/34\">Erin Seatter<\/a> and Gitxsan journalist <a href=\"https:\/\/ricochet.media\/en\/contributors\/48\">Jerome Turner<\/a> (who has been embedded in the Land Defender camps during the raids), <a href=\"https:\/\/ricochet.media\/en\/2904\/untangling-the-rule-of-law-in-the-coastal-gaslink-pipeline-standoff\">put together an amazing explainer piece<\/a> to help people understand it. <\/p>\n\n<p>We encourage everyone to <a href=\"https:\/\/ricochet.media\/en\/2904\/untangling-the-rule-of-law-in-the-coastal-gaslink-pipeline-standoff\">read this piece in full<\/a>. If you can\u2019t, here are some things we learned.<\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Hereditary chiefs are the title holders of the land.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Under the traditional Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en land system, the hereditary chiefs from each of the five clans (divided into 13 house groups) that make up the Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en Nation have the right to control access over the territory. Trespassing is considered a terrible offence and must be immediately corrected.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201c190 kilometres of the proposed route will run through our territory.&nbsp;&nbsp;It threatens our water, our salmon, and our rights, our title, our jurisdiction,&#8221; Hereditary Chief Na\u2019Moks of the Tsayu Clan <a href=\"https:\/\/aptnnews.ca\/2020\/01\/27\/weve-got-a-real-divide-in-the-community-wetsuweten-nation-in-turmoil\/\">told APTN<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-twitter wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Just learning about the siege on Wet&#39;suwet&#39;en territory? <br><br>Essential background reading on the legal and jurisdictional issues at stake: <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/2V9qZuKGtu\">https:\/\/t.co\/2V9qZuKGtu<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/cdnpoli?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#cdnpoli<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Wetsuweten?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Wetsuweten<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Unistoten?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Unistoten<\/a><\/p>&mdash; Ricochet Media (@ricochet_en) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ricochet_en\/status\/1225926611335204866?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 7, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What about band councils?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Band councils (such as those Coastal GasLink boasts have<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/indigenous\/wet-suwet-en-coastal-gaslink-pipeline-1.5448363\"> signed agreements<\/a>) have control over reserve land which is only a small portion of Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en territory  \u2014 and the majority of reserve land, the pipeline wouldn\u2019t pass through. Band council authority comes from colonial law: the Indian Act. However, the vast majority of land in B.C. is unceded. This means it was never legally signed, ceded or given away to colonial powers. When it comes to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalobserver.com\/2020\/01\/22\/news\/coastal-gaslink-pipeline-could-harm-healing-centre-says-unistoten-camp\">22,000 square kilometres<\/a> of unceded Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en land, the hereditary chiefs hold land title.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-instagram wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-instagram\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/B67AD0-Bo0u\/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A 1997 Supreme Court of Canada ruling affirmed Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en land rights, including that the hereditary chiefs are the title holders.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>A court case brought by the houses (not just band councils) of the Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en and Gitxsan resulted in a hugely significant decision. Over more than 300 days, Elders and hereditary chiefs presented evidence, oral histories and ceremonial songs. The decision, <em>Delgamuukw v. British Columbia<\/em>, confirmed the validity of oral histories as\u00a0 evidence and recognized the chiefs&#8217; hereditary governance and Indigenous Nations&#8217; land interests. On the downside, the court did not affirm <em>where<\/em> the land title of the Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en and Gitxsan applied (and the Nations did not have the resources to continue the case).<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-twitter wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/twitter.com\/Laurie_Hamelin\/status\/1121405340208099329?s=20\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Without the support of hereditary chiefs, pushing through the Coastal GasLink pipeline violates Indigenous rights<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n\n<p>In 2019, B.C. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leg.bc.ca\/parliamentary-business\/legislation-debates-proceedings\/41st-parliament\/4th-session\/bills\/first-reading\/gov41-1\">passed provincial legislation<\/a> to implement the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). Under this piece of international human rights law, Indigenous Peoples have the rights to \u201cfree, prior, and informed consent\u201d (FPIC) on any developments on their lands. <\/p>\n\n<p>Article 10 of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples states: &#8220;<strong>Indigenous peoples shall not be forcibly removed from their lands or territories. <\/strong>No relocation shall take place without the free, prior and informed consent of the Indigenous Peoples concerned and after agreement on just and fair compensation and, where possible, with the option of return&#8221;. The province<a href=\"https:\/\/ricochet.media\/en\/2904\/untangling-the-rule-of-law-in-the-coastal-gaslink-pipeline-standoff\"> has also committed<\/a> to reconciliation with the Wet&#8217;suwet&#8217;en.<\/p>\n\n<p>At the same time, the B.C. government supports the construction of a massive natural gas export facility on the coast. This facility, LNG Canada, depends on the Coastal GasLink pipeline, which the Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en hereditary chiefs are resisting. Without consent, the pipeline cannot go forward without violating Indigenous rights and Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en law.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-twitter wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">We are not trespassing. The RCMP is Tresspassing. We are not Tresspassing. Coastal Gas Link is Tresspassing. We are not Tresspassing. John Horgan is Tresspassing. We are not Tresspassing. CANADA is Tresspassing. <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/AllEyesOnWetsuweten?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#AllEyesOnWetsuweten<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/WetsuwetenStrong?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#WetsuwetenStrong<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/B5ua158wwd\">pic.twitter.com\/B5ua158wwd<\/a><\/p>&mdash; Siiam Hamilton (@siiamhamilton) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/siiamhamilton\/status\/1225876177845288960?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 7, 2020<\/a><\/blockquote><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-instagram wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-instagram\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/B8URn9GBVG6\/\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>So, upholding rule of law isn\u2019t as simple as enforcing injunctions (which also appear to be biased against Indigenous Peoples).<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>The RCMP have said that enforcing the injunction granted to Coastal GasLink by the B.C. Supreme Court is <a href=\"https:\/\/globalnews.ca\/news\/6509834\/coastal-gaslink-pipeline-talks-break-down\/\">not optional<\/a>. Clearly, it\u2019s not that simple. By focusing only on the injunction, the courts, RCMP, B.C. Premier John Horgan and Prime Minister Trudeau (since the state is the duty bearer for human rights) are ignoring reconciliation and Indigenous rights responsibilities. <\/p>\n\n<p>What\u2019s more, as highlighted in the Ricochet article we mentioned, the Yellowhead Institute has found that injunction battles are <a href=\"https:\/\/redpaper.yellowheadinstitute.org\/\">weighted against<\/a> Indigenous Peoples.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large  caption-style-blue-overlay caption-alignment-center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-canada-stateless\/2020\/02\/c436237c-76-of-corporate-injunctions-against-firs-nations-are-granted.-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-28914\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-canada-stateless\/2020\/02\/c436237c-76-of-corporate-injunctions-against-firs-nations-are-granted.-4.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-canada-stateless\/2020\/02\/c436237c-76-of-corporate-injunctions-against-firs-nations-are-granted.-4-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-canada-stateless\/2020\/02\/c436237c-76-of-corporate-injunctions-against-firs-nations-are-granted.-4-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-canada-stateless\/2020\/02\/c436237c-76-of-corporate-injunctions-against-firs-nations-are-granted.-4-510x255.png 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Chart by Greenpeace Canada. Data from &#8220;Land Back: A Yellowhead Institute Red Paper,&#8221; October 2019, edpaper.yellowheadinstitute.org.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Is there a way forward?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Respect for Indigenous law and human rights must be at the core of any way forward. Article 27 of UNDRIP calls on countries to cooperate with Indigenous Peoples to create an impartial and transparent processes to adjudicate Indigenous land, territorial and resources rights (including those that are traditionally held).<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cThat tribunal would use whatever the Indigenous system would be, so here it would be the Wet\u2019suwet\u2019en system, plus the Canadian system. They would both be used by this tribunal to work out some kind of resolution, \u201c Gordon Christie, a University of British Columbia law professor, <a href=\"https:\/\/ricochet.media\/en\/2904\/untangling-the-rule-of-law-in-the-coastal-gaslink-pipeline-standoff\">told Ricochet<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/story\/28750\/rcmp-are-raiding-wetsuweten-land-defender-camps\/\"><strong>Want to help?&nbsp;Click here to take action.<\/strong><\/a><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The complexity of what laws and whose laws apply is something you won\u2019t often see reflected by media organizations. With the help of Ricochet journalists, we summarized what you need to know.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":28910,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[29,32,33],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-28856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nature","tag-indigenous","tag-oil","tag-peacefulprotest","p4-page-type-story"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28856","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28856"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28856\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46840,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28856\/revisions\/46840"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28910"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28856"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28856"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28856"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/canada\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=28856"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}