{"id":10584,"date":"2020-05-16T12:34:40","date_gmt":"2020-05-16T10:34:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=10584"},"modified":"2021-12-01T13:31:33","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T12:31:33","slug":"pouceni-z-pandemie-6-zachranovat-letecke-spolecnosti-je-hazard-s-verejnymi-financemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/10584\/pouceni-z-pandemie-6-zachranovat-letecke-spolecnosti-je-hazard-s-verejnymi-financemi\/","title":{"rendered":"POU\u010cEN\u00cd Z PANDEMIE 6: Zachra\u0148ovat leteck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti je hazard s ve\u0159ejn\u00fdmi financemi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

B\u011bhem dubna klesla leteck\u00e1 doprava o 80 – 90 %. Kv\u016fli koronavirov\u00e9 krizi tak na \u010das zmizel ze sv\u011bta jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ovatel\u016f \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 tento stav pouk\u00e1zal na absurditu nastaven\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9 leteck\u00e9 dopravy. N\u011bkter\u00e1 letadla toti\u017e nad Evropou l\u00e9tala i bez pasa\u017e\u00e9r\u016f kv\u016fli pravidlu, \u017ee aerolinky mohou ztratit nepou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 leteck\u00e9 sloty. Proto\u017ee si leteck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti cht\u011bly udr\u017eet za ka\u017edou cenu lukrativn\u00ed a v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 \u010dasy p\u0159\u00edlet\u016f, vyplatilo se jim vypraven\u00ed letadla bez cestuj\u00edc\u00edch, na jeho\u017e palub\u011b z\u016fstala jen pos\u00e1dka.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Leteck\u00e1 doprava se bude s rozvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00ed na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b samoz\u0159ejm\u011b obnovovat. M\u011bli bychom v\u0161ak p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let, jak l\u00e9tat efektivn\u011bji a m\u00e9n\u011b a ne bez podm\u00ednek zachra\u0148ovat leteck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 enviroment\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010di soci\u00e1ln\u00ed faktor podnik\u00e1n\u00ed neberou v\u016fbec v potaz. Tak jako se to u\u017e stalo v USA, kde vl\u00e1da bez jak\u00fdchkoli podm\u00ednek a s argumentem z\u00e1chrany pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst nalila do aerolinek 25 miliard dolar\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed leteck\u00e1 spole\u010dnost BoeingBoening zah\u00e1jila p\u0159esto s \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sv\u00fdch 150 000 zam\u011bstnanc\u016f jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o jejich propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed dotace pro u\u017e tak dotovan\u00e9 odv\u011btv\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Pod podobn\u00fdm tlakem vlastn\u00edk\u016f aerolinek jsou tak\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy N\u011bmecka, Francie i \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Francie ozn\u00e1mila \u017ee na podporu spole\u010dnost\u00ed Air France po\u0161le 7 miliard eur a spole\u010dnosti Renault 5 miliard eur. N\u011bmecko jedn\u00e1 s Lufthansou tak\u00e9 o podpo\u0159e v \u0159\u00e1du n\u011bkolika miliard eur. Nutno ale dodat, \u017ee tyto zem\u011b ji\u017e ekologick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky do sv\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f podpory zahrnuly.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"
N\u00e1vrat k norm\u00e1lu by byl chybou.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Francouzsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da po Air France po\u017eaduje, aby do roku 2024 sn\u00ed\u017eila dom\u00e1c\u00ed emise uhl\u00edku o 50 procent, zv\u00fd\u0161ila do roku 2025 spot\u0159ebu udr\u017eiteln\u00fdch alternativn\u00edch paliv na 2 procenta a obohatila sv\u016fj leteck\u00fd park o palivov\u011b \u00fasporn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed letadla. Air France bude muset tak\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit svou kapacitu na kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch tras\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 mohou obslou\u017eit vlaky, a francouzsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da chce nav\u00edc usilovat i o podporu ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f dopravy. „Jakmile bude existovat \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed alternativa k vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edm let\u016fm s trv\u00e1n\u00edm krat\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e 2,5 hodiny, bude t\u0159eba tyto vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed lety drasticky omezit a ve skute\u010dnosti je omezit pouze na p\u0159estupn\u00ed uzly,“ \u0159ekl podle listu Politico<\/u><\/a> francouzsk\u00fd ministr financ\u00ed Bruno Le Maire p\u0159i vystoupen\u00ed ve francouzsk\u00e9mu parlamentu.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159esto lze i v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b st\u00e1le hovo\u0159it sp\u00ed\u0161e o socializaci ztr\u00e1t a kapitalizaci zisku, proto\u017ee leteck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti zna\u010dn\u011b z\u00e1vis\u00ed na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 podpo\u0159e i v norm\u00e1ln\u00edch \u010dasech – od osvobozen\u00ed od DPH a dan\u011b z kerosinu, po st\u00e1tn\u00ed podporu leti\u0161\u0165 a n\u00edzkon\u00e1kladov\u00fdch leteck\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed a\u017e po budov\u00e1n\u00ed infrastruktury spojuj\u00edc\u00ed leti\u0161t\u011b s okoln\u00edmi m\u011bsty. Leteck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v EU rovn\u011b\u017e z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed 85 % povolenek zdarma pro vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed uhl\u00edku do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Osvobozen\u00ed od dan\u011b z petroleje v samotn\u00e9 Evrop\u011b n\u00e1s stoj\u00ed 27 miliard eur ro\u010dn\u011b. Dal\u0161\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby p\u0159epravy – jako je \u017eeleznice – si mohou o podobn\u011b velkorys\u00e9m da\u0148ov\u00e9m zach\u00e1zen\u00ed jen nechat zd\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n

Expert na leteckou dopravu a \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed Andrew Murphy k tomu \u0159ekl<\/u><\/a>: \u201eLeteck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti cht\u011bj\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 pen\u00edze, aby se mohly vr\u00e1tit zp\u011bt k obvykl\u00e9mu r\u016fstu emis\u00ed, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed nedokonal\u00e9 z\u00e1kony o zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a v\u00fdjimky z placen\u00ed dan\u00ed. Je na \u010dase zajistit, aby letectv\u00ed provedlo ekologick\u00fd p\u0159echod, pomoc spojit s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi dan\u011bmi a d\u016frazem na ekologick\u00e1 paliva a zabr\u00e1nit tak dal\u0161\u00edmu rychl\u00e9mu r\u016fstu emis\u00ed v tomto odv\u011btv\u00ed. \u201c<\/p>\n\n

Smartwings nejsou ani \u010desk\u00fd, ani strategick\u00fd podnik<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se n\u00e1m v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t i o tom m\u00e1lu o kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed francouz\u0161t\u00ed a n\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed politici. O st\u00e1tn\u00ed podporu se tu hl\u00e1s\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00e9 firmy \u010cSA spole\u010dnost Smartwings, zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na levn\u00e9 lety. Ta ov\u0161em rozhodn\u011b nepat\u0159\u00ed mezi strategick\u00e9 podniky, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad Air France, proto\u017ee nezaji\u0161\u0165uje \u017e\u00e1dnou nutnou dopravu, jen komer\u010dn\u00ed lety. Jej\u00ed podpora ned\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl ani z pohledu z\u00e1chrany pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst. Smartwings zam\u011bstn\u00e1vaj\u00ed asi 2500 lid\u00ed a p\u0159i uva\u017eovan\u00e9 podpo\u0159e 2,5 miliardy by tak \u0161lo o milionov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky na jedno pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsto, z nich\u017e se v\u011bt\u0161ina ani net\u00fdk\u00e1 \u010desk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f. Smartwings toti\u017e zaji\u0161\u0165uje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm dovolenkov\u00e9 sez\u00f3nn\u00ed lety pro cestuj\u00edc\u00ed z Var\u0161avy, Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, Budape\u0161ti, Bratislavy, V\u00eddn\u011b a dal\u0161\u00edch m\u011bst v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, kde pos\u00e1dku tvo\u0159\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed piloti a stevardi. Dovolenkov\u00e9 lety tvo\u0159\u00ed 78 % toho, co tato leteck\u00e1 spole\u010dnost nal\u00e9t\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

Smartwings nejsou ani \u201cvizitkou \u010ceska\u201d, jak se n\u00e1m sna\u017e\u00ed namluvit ministr hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed Karel Havl\u00ed\u010dek. \u010cSA se v \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dc\u00edch kvality slu\u017eeb leteck\u00fdch dopravc\u016f um\u00eds\u0165ujeje v posledn\u00ed \u010dtvrtin\u011b ze stovky hodnocen\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, Smartwings zde nejsou v\u016fbec. Podpora pro Smartwings je tak p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm podpora pro letku \u0161esti mal\u00fdch tryskov\u00fdch letadel Cessna 680 Citation Sovereign, jejich\u017e \u010dast\u00fdm u\u017eivatelem je podle poslance za Pir\u00e1ty Jana Lipavsk\u00e9ho vedle bohat\u00fdch podnikatel\u016f hlavn\u011b premi\u00e9r Andrej Babi\u0161. \u201cJe opravdu spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 z pen\u011bz milion\u016f \u010desk\u00fdch da\u0148ov\u00fdch poplatn\u00edk\u016f zachra\u0148ovat provoz soukrom\u00fdch tryskov\u00fdch letadel ur\u010den\u00fdch pro p\u00e1r nadstandardn\u011b bohat\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f?\u201d,\u201d pt\u00e1 se Lipavsk\u00fd<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

Programov\u00e1 \u0159editelka Greenpeace Faiza Oulahsen k tomu \u0159ekla<\/u><\/a>: \u201eVe\u0159ejn\u00e1 v\u00fdpomoc mus\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edt s p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami na ochranu pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst a omezit prudk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek leteck\u00e9ho sektoru k rozpadu klimatu. Kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 lety na kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti se mus\u00ed st\u00e1t minulost\u00ed. Pen\u00edze by m\u011bly pomoci pracovn\u00edk\u016fm leteck\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed p\u0159e\u0161kolit se. Jak\u00e9koli ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed by m\u011blo polo\u017eit z\u00e1klady spravedliv\u00e9ho a zelen\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu sm\u011brem k lidem a planet\u011b a m\u011blo by umo\u017enit , rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 investice do \u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch alternativ, jako je vlakov\u00e1 doprava. Vl\u00e1dy se mus\u00ed zab\u00fdvat jak ekonomick\u00fdmi dopady krize Covid-19, tak kriz\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u010del\u00edme v souvislosti se zm\u011bnou klimatu. \u201c<\/p>\n\n

Podporu leteck\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu s d\u016frazem na ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed provoz po\u017eaduje v online petici p\u0159es milion ob\u010dan\u016f cel\u00e9 Evropy a v\u00edce ne\u017e stovka neziskov\u00fdch organizac\u00ed<\/u><\/a>. Tlak na tuto podm\u00ednku pot\u0159ebuje i \u010cesko, kde uva\u017eovan\u00e1 podpora Smartwings sp\u00ed\u0161 p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 malou dom\u016f miliard\u00e1\u0159\u00ed Ji\u0159\u00edmu \u0160im\u00e1n\u011bmu, bl\u00edzk\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edteli premi\u00e9ra Andreje Babi\u0161e. Ten je v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b i v podez\u0159en\u00ed ze st\u0159etu z\u00e1jm\u016f. Fondy Hartenberg Capital, kter\u00e9 jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sv\u011b\u0159ensk\u00fdch fond\u016f, do nich\u017e Babi\u0161 p\u0159evedl sv\u016fj majetek, koupily 50% procentn\u00ed pod\u00edl firmy Avia Prime, kter\u00e1 opravuje civiln\u00ed letadla. Mezi jej\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edky pat\u0159\u00ed krom\u011b jin\u00fdch tak\u00e9 Smartwings.<\/p>\n\n

Dotov\u00e1n\u00ed leteck\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu by m\u011blo b\u00fdt rozv\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm krokem, kter\u00fd urychl\u00ed kroky k ekologizaci jeho  provozu a sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a mno\u017estv\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, kter\u00fdm leteck\u00e1 doprava p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b a sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu katastrofick\u00e9mu suchu. Rozhodn\u011b by nem\u011bla m\u00edt podobu bezpodm\u00edne\u010dn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdpomoci velk\u00fdm nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edm korporac\u00edm a nem\u011bla by b\u00fdt motivov\u00e1na kamar\u00e1dstv\u00edm mezi miliard\u00e1\u0159i.<\/p>\n

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B\u011bhem dubna klesla leteck\u00e1 doprava o 80 – 90 %. Kv\u016fli koronavirov\u00e9 krizi tak na \u010das zmizel ze sv\u011bta jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ovatel\u016f \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 tento stav pouk\u00e1zal…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41,"featured_media":10587,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[19,20,25],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-10584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","tag-ovzdusi","tag-zmena-klimatu","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10584"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10584\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15542,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10584\/revisions\/15542"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10584"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=10584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}