{"id":12613,"date":"2020-12-30T12:33:53","date_gmt":"2020-12-30T11:33:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=12613"},"modified":"2021-01-08T13:49:02","modified_gmt":"2021-01-08T12:49:02","slug":"uceni-o-zmene-klimatu-musi-byt-spojeno-s-revizi-vzdelavani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/12613\/uceni-o-zmene-klimatu-musi-byt-spojeno-s-revizi-vzdelavani\/","title":{"rendered":"U\u010den\u00ed o zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu mus\u00ed b\u00fdt spojeno s reviz\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Trvaj\u00edc\u00ed bez\u010das\u00ed pandemie koronaviru s sebou mimo jin\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed prom\u011bnu d\u016frazu p\u0159i vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed celospole\u010densk\u00fdch kriz\u00ed a probl\u00e9m\u016f, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed klimatick\u00fd kolaps sv\u011btov\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f. Pod vlivem zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nekone\u010dn\u011b se utahuj\u00edc\u00edch a povoluj\u00edc\u00edch smy\u010dek vl\u00e1dn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed tak ustupuje z medi\u00e1ln\u00edho zorn\u00e9ho pole krize nesrovnateln\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edho charakteru. Jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem tematizovat klimatickou zm\u011bnu ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch? M\u00e1 smysl sna\u017eit se foukat proti urag\u00e1nu nekone\u010dn\u00fdch karant\u00e9n, prezidentsk\u00e9ho chaosu v USA, teroristick\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f, hroz\u00edc\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 krize a dal\u0161\u00edm kriz\u00edm?<\/p>\n\n

Ji\u017e del\u0161\u00ed dobu se v \u010desk\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti a mezi expertn\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed, u\u010diteli, neziskov\u00fdmi organizacemi a dal\u0161\u00edmi akt\u00e9ry diskutuje o mo\u017enostech v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed akcentace klimatick\u00e9 krize ve \u0161kolstv\u00ed. Zd\u00e1 se, jako bychom se spole\u010densky kone\u010dn\u011b posunuli ze sf\u00e9ry absurdn\u00edch debat zpochyb\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch existenci prost\u00e9ho fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho faktu na \u00farove\u0148 uva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, jak konkr\u00e9tn\u011b lze t\u00e9ma klimatick\u00e9 krize prosadit do \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Nad\u011bjn\u00fd proces, doprov\u00e1zen\u00fd glob\u00e1ln\u00edmi studentsk\u00fdmi st\u00e1vkami a protesty n\u00e1hle naru\u0161ila \u010dern\u00e1 labu\u0165 pandemie. \u0160koly p\u0159epnuly na distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduku, u\u010ditel\u00e9 jsou, pod tlakem zmaten\u00fdch vl\u00e1dn\u00edch na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a komplikovan\u00e9 distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduky, p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed a frustrov\u00e1ni. <\/p>\n\n

P\u0159edstava, \u017ee do, podle expert\u016f p\u0159ehlcen\u00e9ho kurikula a tradi\u010dn\u011b zbyte\u010dn\u011b nafouknut\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho obsahu, p\u0159id\u00e1me v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch bezprecedentn\u011b vykolejen\u00e9ho sv\u011bta  jednodu\u0161e klimatickou krizi, se ukazuje \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1le v\u00edce jako naivn\u00ed. Tak co se dnes budeme u\u010dit? Prvn\u00ed hodinu l\u00e1\u010dkovce, druhou hodinu P\u0159emyslovce a t\u0159et\u00ed hodinu klimatick\u00fd rozvrat? <\/p>\n\n

Struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad v konzervativn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupu zalo\u017een\u00e9m na p\u0159episov\u00e1n\u00ed ust\u00e1len\u00e9ho objemu informac\u00ed do se\u0161it\u016f a na rozd\u011blen\u00ed v\u00fduky do zcela nepropojen\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, zat\u00ed\u017een\u00fdch zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm obsahu, umo\u017en\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdm u\u010ditel\u016fm propa\u0161ovat t\u00e9ma klimatick\u00e9 krize do p\u00e1r hodin p\u0159\u00edrodopisu \u010di fyziky, a to i kdyby M\u0160MT nav\u00fd\u0161ilo frekvenci doporu\u010den\u00ed a expertn\u00ed organizace zpracovaly dokonal\u00e9 a z\u00e1bavn\u00e9 interaktivn\u00ed metodick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9 okam\u017eit\u011b v\u0161em u\u010ditel\u016fm. Tradi\u010dn\u00ed objem u\u010diva je tak p\u0159edimenzovan\u00fd, \u017ee na nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky typu \u201eJak\u00e1 bude na\u0161e budoucnost?\u201c nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ani \u017edibec m\u00edsta.<\/p>\n\n

Re\u00e1ln\u00fd posun ve v\u00fduce bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. P\u00e1r osv\u00edcen\u00fdch u\u010ditel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed by o klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b stejn\u011b u\u010dili, vyu\u017eije lep\u0161\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f, n\u011bkolik u\u010ditel\u016f si uv\u011bdom\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enost situace a ten zbytek pokr\u010d\u00ed rameny s t\u00edm, \u017ee osnovy nejsou nafukovac\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok n\u011bjak\u00fd trend, jeden chce medi\u00e1ln\u00ed gramotnost, druh\u00fd technick\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, t\u0159et\u00ed klimatickou zm\u011bnu. Sta\u010d\u00ed m\u00f3dn\u00ed v\u00fdkyvy s \u00fasm\u011bvem p\u0159est\u00e1t a ono se to n\u011bjak podd\u00e1, pomysl\u00ed si kantor. Lze naj\u00edt n\u011bjak\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by nam\u00edsto kumulace dal\u0161\u00edho \u201et\u00e9matu k nau\u010den\u00ed\u201c reflektovala turbulentn\u00ed sou\u010dasnost?<\/p>\n\n

Jednu v\u011bc v\u0161ak maj\u00ed koronavirov\u00e1 pandemie, ekonomick\u00e1 krize a klimatick\u00e1 zm\u011bna spole\u010dnou. Jedn\u00e1 se o symptomy komplexn\u00ed krize slo\u017eit\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu sou\u010dasn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed civilizace. Jednou z mo\u017en\u00fdch vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch cest by tak mo\u017en\u00e1 mohl b\u00fdt rozvoj kompetenc\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed. Co to vlastn\u011b znamen\u00e1?<\/p>\n\n

Syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed je pohledem na sv\u011bt, kter\u00fd se sna\u017e\u00ed respektovat a p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat ur\u010dit\u00e1 omezen\u00ed na\u0161eho ka\u017edodenn\u00edho my\u0161len\u00ed vzhledem k realit\u011b, a\u0165 ji\u017e jsou d\u00e1na p\u0159\u00edrodou a strukturou na\u0161eho mozku, nebo v\u00fdchovou a vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm. Vyzdvihuje nap\u0159\u00edklad komplexnost syst\u00e9mu, jejich dynamickou rovnov\u00e1hu, princip cirkularity a zp\u011btnovazebn\u00e9 smy\u010dky. <\/p>\n\n

Syst\u00e9mov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup v pedagogice vn\u00edm\u00e1 afektivn\u00ed, emo\u010dn\u00ed slo\u017eku jako neodd\u011blitelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st pozn\u00e1vac\u00edho procesu, kter\u00e1 energizuje motiva\u010dn\u00ed motor. Dobr\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem jsou p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky odborn\u00edk\u016f a vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed semin\u00e1\u0159e na studentsk\u00fdch demonstrac\u00edch Fridays for Future, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed jako uk\u00e1zkov\u00fd kompeten\u010dn\u00ed trena\u017e\u00e9r nejen v oblastech komunikace, s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed, organizace a podobn\u011b. <\/p>\n\n

Pedagogickou z\u00e1sadou je nap\u0159\u00edklad nikdy neodd\u011blovat faktografii klimatick\u00e9 krize od zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u017enosti participace a nab\u00eddnut\u00ed perspektiv r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu. Nen\u00ed nic jako \u201esuch\u00e1 fakta\u201c, fakta d\u00e1vaj\u00ed smysl jenom v dynamick\u00fdch vazbach a v\u017edy nesou r\u016fzn\u00e9 roviny sd\u011blen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Klimatickou krizi bychom nem\u011bli zredukovat jenom na \u201edal\u0161\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 by se m\u011blo objevit ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch\u201c.  Sp\u00ed\u0161e bychom ji mohli vn\u00edmat jako p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pochopit a zprost\u0159edkovat komplexn\u00ed charakter sou\u010dasn\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, ob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch jednu ekologicky zdevastovanou planetu.<\/p>\n\n

Akutnost a pal\u010divost klimatick\u00e9 krize n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee pomoci p\u0159eklenout des\u00edtky let kritizovan\u00e9 rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho apar\u00e1tu na zm\u011b\u0165 zcela izolovan\u00fdch a nijak nesouvisej\u00edc\u00edch otisk\u016f v\u011bdn\u00edch obor\u016f a kone\u010dn\u011b uv\u00e9st do praxe re\u00e1lnou interdisciplinaritu v praxi na probl\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed nijak odcizen\u00fd a abstraktn\u00ed, ale naopak se t\u00fdk\u00e1 n\u00e1s v\u0161ech na t\u00e9 nejhlub\u0161\u00ed person\u00e1ln\u00ed b\u00e1zi. <\/p>\n\n

Klimatick\u00e1 krize je ve sv\u00e9 podstat\u011b ide\u00e1ln\u00edm typem vhodn\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho t\u00e9matu \u2013 je n\u00e1m bl\u00edzk\u00e1, t\u00fdk\u00e1 se n\u00e1s v\u0161ech, \u017eijeme ji tady a te\u010f, je relevantn\u00ed pro na\u0161\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed budoucnost, je n\u00e1zorn\u00e1, spojuje teorii s prax\u00ed a je analyzovan\u00e1 \u0161pi\u010dkovou v\u011bdou. V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b nab\u00edz\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00fd pohled.<\/p>\n\n

Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na rozvoj kompetenc\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed by kultivovalo nap\u0159\u00edklad schopnosti analyzovat po\u010det perspektiv, diagnostikovat vztahy mezi celkem a \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed, pracovat s nejistotou a mnohozna\u010dnost\u00ed, aktivn\u011b p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159et ment\u00e1ln\u00ed modely a abstrakce, definovat hranice a vlastnosti jednotliv\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, odhalit a pochopit zp\u011btnovazebn\u00e9 smy\u010dky a vn\u00edmat exponenci\u00e1ln\u00ed vliv zlomov\u00fdch bod\u016f. <\/p>\n\n

Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno by se skrze badatelskou v\u00fduku zkoumala zd\u00e1nliv\u011b slo\u017eit\u00e1, av\u0161ak svou ka\u017edodennost\u00ed a v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00e1 t\u00e9mata na\u0161eho \u017eit\u00e9ho sv\u011bta ve vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdch souvislostech a vazb\u00e1ch. Nam\u00edsto izolovan\u00fdch n\u00e1hled\u016f by tak mohlo doj\u00edt k formov\u00e1n\u00ed my\u0161lenkov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b v\u00fdznam\u016f vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdch vztah\u016f. M\u00edsto snahy o zkop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed faktografie klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny do pam\u011bt\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f by se kladl d\u016fraz na v\u00fdznam role ka\u017ed\u00e9ho akt\u00e9ra v syst\u00e9mu. Oproti osvojov\u00e1n\u00ed izolovan\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sv\u011bta vid\u011bn\u00fdch optikou zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nesouvisej\u00edc\u00edch v\u011bdn\u00edch obor\u016f by se hledala dynamika vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nesouvisej\u00edc\u00ed izolovan\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti se navz\u00e1jem ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed a vch\u00e1zej\u00ed do slo\u017eit\u00e9 interakce. Nach\u00e1zet a pochopit, jak spolu souvis\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad chemick\u00e9 vlastnosti kofeinu, modern\u00ed otrok\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a svr\u017een\u00ed sochy Kry\u0161tofa Kolumba \u010di vysych\u00e1n\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch studn\u00ed, fosiln\u00ed paliva a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 revoluce vy\u017eaduje schopnost nahl\u00e9dnout za omezen\u00fd obzor d\u011blen\u00ed v\u011bd z 19. stolet\u00ed, kter\u00e9 st\u00e1le dominuje sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu \u0161kolstv\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Slune\u010dn\u00ed svit nepat\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ece jenom do fyziky, pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 revoluce do d\u011bjepisu, zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed do p\u0159\u00edrodopisu, sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 plyny do chemie a participace lid\u00ed do ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy. Interdisciplinarita v\u0161ak mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u00fdchodiskem celkov\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed filozofie na\u0161ich spole\u010dnost\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

\u00davaha, \u017ee pr\u016f\u0159ezov\u00e1 t\u00e9mata sta\u010d\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159ipsat do kurikula a ona sama tak n\u011bjak automaticky prokapaj\u00ed do jednotliv\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f se uk\u00e1zala b\u00fdt pouhou iluz\u00ed, v jej\u00edm\u017e d\u016fsledku je dodnes environment\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdchova, v\u00fdchova demokratick\u00e9ho ob\u010dana \u010di medi\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdchova \u010dasto realizov\u00e1na pouze ve form\u00e1ln\u00edch pozn\u00e1mk\u00e1ch v dokumentech a v hodin\u00e1ch na b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 z\u00e1kladce jsou vz\u00e1cnou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Pokud chceme d\u016frazn\u011b vstoupit s t\u00e9matem klimatick\u00e9 krize do \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, je naivn\u00ed p\u0159edstavovat si, \u017ee tak m\u016f\u017eeme u\u010dinit stejn\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji, jejich\u017e logika pomohla klimatickou krizi vytvo\u0159it. <\/p>\n\n

Pokud nebude snaha o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fduky o klimatick\u00e9 kriz\u00ed spojen\u00e1 s hlubokou transformac\u00ed p\u0159edstavy o tom, co by vlastn\u011b m\u011blo b\u00fdt \u0161koln\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm torn\u00e1du 21. stolet\u00ed, d\u00e1 se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee klimatick\u00e1 krize ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch zapadne mezi \u010dlenovce narychlo nau\u010den\u00e9 na p\u00edsemku. <\/p>\n\n

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M\u00e1\u0161 z\u00e1jem o newsletter U\u010ditel\u016f za klima? K odb\u011bru se m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 p\u0159ihl\u00e1sit zde<\/a>. <\/h4>\n\n

U\u010ditel\u00e9 za klima je neform\u00e1ln\u00ed skupina u\u010ditel\u016f usiluj\u00edc\u00ed o tematizaci klimatick\u00e9 krize v sou\u010dasn\u00e9m vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Jejich newsletter p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed souhrnn\u00fd seznam projekt\u016f, web\u016f, odkaz\u016f, metodik aj., je\u017e v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee pomoci p\u0159i v\u00fduce problematiky klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny.<\/em><\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trvaj\u00edc\u00ed bez\u010das\u00ed pandemie koronaviru s sebou mimo jin\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed prom\u011bnu d\u016frazu p\u0159i vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed celospole\u010densk\u00fdch kriz\u00ed a probl\u00e9m\u016f, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed klimatick\u00fd kolaps sv\u011btov\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":56,"featured_media":12624,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[20,22,24],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-12613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nas-svet","tag-zmena-klimatu","tag-setrimeplanetu","tag-aktivni-spolecnost","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12613","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/56"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12613"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12613\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12671,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12613\/revisions\/12671"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12624"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12613"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12613"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12613"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=12613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}