{"id":13766,"date":"2021-05-19T12:21:44","date_gmt":"2021-05-19T11:21:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=13766"},"modified":"2021-12-01T13:30:38","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T12:30:38","slug":"konec-uhli-v-nemecku-probehne-v-rychlejsim-tempu-a-priblizi-se-k-roku-2030","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/13766\/konec-uhli-v-nemecku-probehne-v-rychlejsim-tempu-a-priblizi-se-k-roku-2030\/","title":{"rendered":"Konec uhl\u00ed v N\u011bmecku prob\u011bhne v rychlej\u0161\u00edm tempu a p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se k roku 2030"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Situaci v klimatick\u00e9 a energetick\u00e9 politice ned\u00e1vno rozv\u00ed\u0159ilo p\u0159elomov\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu. Pl\u00e1n \u00fatlumu uhl\u00ed v N\u011bmecku do roku 2038 schv\u00e1len\u00fd tamn\u00ed Uhelnou komis\u00ed se u\u017e ocitl pod tvrdou palbou kritiky i pod tlakem tr\u017en\u00edch sil, ale nyn\u00ed je rychlej\u0161\u00ed konec uhl\u00ed u\u017e zcela nevyhnuteln\u00fd.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Soud rozhodl, \u017ee v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b o zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu chyb\u00ed podrobnosti o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed po roce 2030, co\u017e nespravedliv\u011b p\u0159esouv\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e na budouc\u00ed generace. P\u0159ekvapiv\u011b rychle vl\u00e1da navrhla novou verzi klimatick\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona s pos\u00edlen\u00fdmi c\u00edli sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed do roku 2030 o 65 % (oproti p\u016fvodn\u00edm 55 %) a nov\u00fd c\u00edl 88 % k roku 2040. Tak\u00e9 p\u0159ed\u010dila mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed partnery z\u00e1vazkem dos\u00e1hnout klimatick\u00e9 neutrality do roku 2045 (oproti p\u016fvodn\u00edmu term\u00ednu 2050). Kabinet nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon p\u0159ijal 12. kv\u011btna a o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee parlament ho schv\u00e1l\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed letn\u00edmi pr\u00e1zdninami.<\/p>\n\n

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Kampa\u0148 Greenpeace N\u011bmecko za ochranu klimatu. (c) Greenpeace – Jan Zappner<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Ambici\u00f3zn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed c\u00edle zlep\u0161uj\u00ed reputaci sou\u010dasn\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy v oblasti klimatick\u00e9 politiky, je\u0161t\u011b nicm\u00e9n\u011b bude t\u0159eba p\u0159idat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 tyto z\u00e1vazky prom\u011bn\u00ed v \u010diny. Klimatick\u00fd z\u00e1kon ur\u010duje strukturu zm\u011bn v\u010detn\u011b z\u00e1vazn\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed pro jednotliv\u00e9 sektory, zat\u00edmco opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 maj\u00ed k t\u011bmto c\u00edl\u016fm v\u00e9st, jsou definov\u00e1na v jin\u00fdch p\u0159edpisech. V\u011bt\u0161inu z nich bude schvalovat p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed vl\u00e1da po z\u00e1\u0159ijov\u00fdch feder\u00e1ln\u00edch volb\u00e1ch, vcelku jasnou p\u0159edstavu si v\u0161ak budeme moci ud\u011blat u\u017e z volebn\u00edch kampan\u00ed. Bude nezbytn\u00e9, aby tato opat\u0159en\u00ed vedla k je\u0161t\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm omezen\u00edm emis\u00ed. Podle odborn\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy Climate Action Tracker<\/a> je nutn\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit emise do roku 2030 alespo\u0148 o 69 %, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 dost\u00e1t c\u00edl\u016fm Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 dohody a zabr\u00e1nit oteplen\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu ne\u017e 1,5 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n\n

Zm\u011bna klimatick\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona znamen\u00e1, \u017ee konec uhl\u00ed v N\u011bmecku mus\u00ed nevyhnuteln\u011b nastat do roku 2030. N\u00e1vrh v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 podob\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee k napln\u011bn\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f pro rok 2030 bude t\u0159eba dal\u0161\u00ed sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed zajistit zejm\u00e9na v energetice. Dosavadn\u00ed term\u00edn konce uhl\u00ed v roce 2038 i pl\u00e1novan\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh phase-outu bude nezbytn\u00e9 v N\u011bmecku zp\u0159\u00edsnit. Zat\u00edm nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, zda se bude m\u011bnit z\u00e1kon o konci uhl\u00ed nebo sehraje dostate\u010dnou roli zdra\u017een\u00ed emisn\u00edch povolenek na CO2<\/sub> v syst\u00e9mu EU ETS. Ukazuje se v\u0161ak, \u017ee N\u011bmecko se m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159idat ke sv\u00fdm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm partner\u016fm na \u010dervnov\u00e9m summitu G7 a podpo\u0159it rok 2030 jako term\u00edn konce uhl\u00ed pro zem\u011b G7 a OECD.<\/p>\n\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed partne\u0159i o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee se N\u011bmecko stane v klimatick\u00e9 politice v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm tahounem. Kancl\u00e9\u0159ka Angela Merkel v dubnu na Bidenov\u011b klimatick\u00e9m summitu uvedla, \u017ee N\u011bmecko bere na v\u011bdom\u00ed v\u00fdzvu<\/a> <\/strong>gener\u00e1ln\u00edho tajemn\u00edka OSN Guterrese k odklonu od uhl\u00ed do roku 2030. Na summitu G7 bude m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost potvrdit, \u017ee N\u011bmecko s t\u00edmto c\u00edlem po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1. Tento krok u\u017e sice m\u011bl p\u0159ij\u00edt d\u00e1vno, ale p\u0159ece jen by umo\u017enil sou\u010dasn\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b, aby sv\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed p\u0159ed feder\u00e1ln\u00edmi volbami uzav\u0159ela s lep\u0161\u00ed reputac\u00ed ohledn\u011b klimatick\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Rychlej\u0161\u00ed konec uhl\u00ed m\u00e1 silnou dom\u00e1c\u00ed podporu. Nov\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 c\u00edle EU pro rok 2030 prakticky znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee v tomto obdob\u00ed u\u017e mus\u00ed spalov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ve\u0161ker\u00e9ho evropsk\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed skon\u010dit<\/a>. Pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 zm\u011bny v syst\u00e9mu emisn\u00edch povolenek pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vytla\u010d\u00ed uhl\u00ed z trhu, proto\u017ee v roce 2030 m\u016f\u017ee cena dos\u00e1hnout 130 eur za tunu CO2<\/sub><\/a>. To vede sou\u010dasnou vl\u00e1du k prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, \u017ee odklon od uhl\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nastat d\u0159\u00edve. Strana zelen\u00fdch, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstihla vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed lidovce a aktu\u00e1ln\u011b v pr\u016fzkumech vede<\/a>, prosazuje konec uhl\u00ed do roku 2030. B\u00fdval\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 a \u010dlenky uheln\u00e9 komise, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1vrh phase-outu p\u0159ipravovala, zve\u0159ejnili prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed<\/a>, v n\u011bm\u017e po\u017eaduj\u00ed d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed konec uhl\u00ed v souladu s v\u00fdrokem soudu.<\/p>\n\n

Negativn\u00ed bilance jak u star\u00fdch hn\u011bdouheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren<\/a>, tak \u010dernouheln\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a> v N\u011bmecku p\u0159edstavuje tak\u00e9 ekonomick\u00fd argument pro utlumen\u00ed tohoto oboru. Mohlo by doj\u00edt i na po\u017eadavek, aby vl\u00e1da zredukovala kompenza\u010dn\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek pro provozovatele hn\u011bdouheln\u00fdch podnik\u016f, kter\u00fd byl stanoven ve v\u00fd\u0161i 4,35 miliard eur. Evropsk\u00e1 hodnocen\u00ed zah\u00e1jila zevrubn\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed<\/a>, jestli jsou vzhledem ke chmurn\u00fdm hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm vyhl\u00eddk\u00e1m t\u011bchto podnik\u016f tyto kompenzace p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9. Nast\u00e1v\u00e1 ide\u00e1ln\u00ed chv\u00edle k tomu, aby n\u011bmeck\u00e1 vl\u00e1da urychlila odstup od uhl\u00ed a zajistila v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed prost\u0159edk\u016f. Struktura i n\u00e1stroje financov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 podpo\u0159\u00ed uheln\u00e9 regiony v transformaci, u\u017e jsou p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 \u2013 a mohou fungovat i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee phase-out p\u0159ijde d\u0159\u00edv.<\/p>\n\n

Ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech americk\u00fdch usiluje prezident Joe Biden o v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny bez uhl\u00edkov\u00fdch emis\u00ed do roku 2035, co\u017e bude podle studi\u00ed znamenat \u00fatlum uhl\u00ed do roku 2030. S revidovan\u00fdm klimatick\u00fdm a energetick\u00fdm bal\u00ed\u010dkem \u201eFit for 55\u201c (tedy sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed do roku 2030 alespo\u0148 o 55 % oproti stavu v roce 1990) se t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00e1 l\u00e9ta s \u010distou energetikou st\u00e1vaj\u00ed nov\u00fdm standardem<\/a> na obou stran\u00e1ch Atlantiku. N\u011bmecko by se tedy ve vlastn\u00edm z\u00e1jmu m\u011blo sna\u017eit o co nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed k \u010dist\u00e9 elekt\u0159in\u011b a uzav\u0159en\u00ed uheln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Jako n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fkopn\u00edk Energiewende se N\u011bmecko stalo zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 dok\u00e1\u017ee dob\u0159e vyu\u017e\u00edt obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje a poskytnout je levn\u011b a dostupn\u011b v\u0161em. Jak\u00fd by m\u011blo smysl z t\u011bchto v\u00fdhod nevyt\u011b\u017eit maximum a posun ke 100% obnoviteln\u00e9 energetice brzdit? Pokud se chce N\u011bmecko vr\u00e1tit na spr\u00e1vnou cestu, je konec uhl\u00ed p\u0159ed rokem 2030 zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00edm krokem.<\/p>\n\n

Rebekka Popp p\u016fsob\u00ed jako politick\u00e1 expertka v berl\u00ednsk\u00e9 pobo\u010dce E3G. Zam\u011b\u0159uje se na spravedlivou transformace ke klimatick\u00e9 neutralit\u011b EU a na Evropskou zelenou dohodu.<\/em><\/p>\n

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Situaci v klimatick\u00e9 a energetick\u00e9 politice ned\u00e1vno rozv\u00ed\u0159ilo p\u0159elomov\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu. Pl\u00e1n \u00fatlumu uhl\u00ed v\u00a0N\u011bmecku do roku 2038 se u\u017e ocitl pod tvrdou palbou kritiky i pod tlakem…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":13767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[20,25,34],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-13766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","tag-zmena-klimatu","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","tag-uhelnakomise","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13766","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13766"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13766\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15393,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13766\/revisions\/15393"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13766"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=13766"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}