{"id":13927,"date":"2022-04-21T14:44:10","date_gmt":"2022-04-21T13:44:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=13927"},"modified":"2022-04-21T14:44:12","modified_gmt":"2022-04-21T13:44:12","slug":"co-je-to-spravedliva-transformace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/13927\/co-je-to-spravedliva-transformace\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je to \u201espravedliv\u00e1 transformace\u201c?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

S programem \u201espravedliv\u00e9 transformace\u201c (anglicky \u201ejust transition\u201c) p\u0159i\u0161ly p\u016fvodn\u011b v devades\u00e1t\u00fdch letech odbory ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. Jejich p\u0159ed\u00e1k Anthony Mazzocchi t\u00edm m\u011bl na mysli jednoduchou v\u011bc: aby se p\u0159i ekologick\u00fdch reform\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 vedou k utlumov\u00e1n\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed, myslelo tak\u00e9 na lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed si v t\u011bchto odv\u011btv\u00edch vyd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed na \u017eivobyt\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Americk\u00e9 odbory se necht\u011bly stav\u011bt proti ochran\u011b \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Pod heslem spravedliv\u00e9 transformace ale \u017e\u00e1daly o to, aby zav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch provoz\u016f doprov\u00e1zely velkorys\u00e9 programy \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad rekvalifikace, kompenzace, p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 d\u016fchody a podobn\u011b \u2013, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly zajistit pracuj\u00edc\u00edm, jejich komunit\u00e1m \u010di cel\u00fdm pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdm region\u016fm jejich pr\u00e1vo na d\u016fstojn\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n\n

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Spravedliv\u00e1 transformace bude v Evrop\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm t\u00e9matem p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch n\u011bkolika let. (c) Greenpeace – Przemys\u0142aw Stefaniak<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Spravedliv\u00e1 transformace m\u00e1 tedy p\u0159edstavovat proces, v jeho\u017e r\u00e1mci odbory, vl\u00e1dy, samospr\u00e1vy, lid\u00e9 z dot\u010den\u00fdch region\u016f, ob\u010dansk\u00e9 organizace a dal\u0161\u00ed instituce vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed f\u00e9rov\u00e9 spole\u010densk\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro plynul\u00fd p\u0159echod od zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edho zp\u016fsobu v\u00fdroby k udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 ekonomice.<\/p>\n\n

Tento koncept n\u00e1sledn\u011b b\u011bhem posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00ed p\u0159evzaly odbory po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, v\u010detn\u011b Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed konfederace odborov\u00fdch svaz\u016f (ITUC) \u010di Evropsk\u00e9 konfederace odborov\u00fdch svaz\u016f (ETUC). P\u0159evzaly je ov\u0161em tak\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 organizace, kter\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomily, \u017ee reformy vedouc\u00ed k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed ekologick\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f mus\u00ed b\u00fdt f\u00e9rov\u00e9 a nem\u011bly by v\u00e9st k nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdm soci\u00e1ln\u00edm dopad\u016fm, jinak je spole\u010dnost v\u016fbec nebude cht\u00edt p\u0159ijmout.<\/p>\n\n

Ze spravedliv\u00e9 transformace se tak stal zp\u016fsob, jak p\u0159eklenout zd\u00e1nliv\u00fd rozpor mezi z\u00e1jmy pracuj\u00edc\u00edch lid\u00ed na d\u016fstojn\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b a z\u00e1jmem v\u0161ech na obyvateln\u00e9m \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch ekologick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek pro lidsk\u00fd \u017eivot v\u016fbec. Neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee by zmizely rozpory. Zejm\u00e9na velk\u00fdm firm\u00e1m se dosud \u010dasto da\u0159\u00ed \u0161tv\u00e1t odbor\u00e1\u0159e a ekology proti sob\u011b. Mohl mezi nimi tak ale vzniknout dialog, kter\u00fd vedl k tomu, \u017ee heslo \u201eNa mrtv\u00e9 planet\u011b nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta\u201c dnes ji\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ob\u011b hnut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Garance a jistoty pro pracuj\u00edc\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Po\u017eadavek spravedliv\u00e9 transformace z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 na nal\u00e9havosti s t\u00edm, jak se postupn\u011b ekologick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my prohlubuj\u00ed, a zejm\u00e9na tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 klimatick\u00e9 krizi, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje, abychom velmi rychle prom\u011bnili celou na\u0161i ekonomiku. Ekologov\u00e9 a v\u011bdci upozor\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee aby byla transformace skute\u010dn\u011b spravedliv\u00e1, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rychl\u00e1 a ji\u017e v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch deseti letech mus\u00ed v\u00e9st k z\u00e1sadn\u00edmu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm t\u00e9matem spravedliv\u00e9 transformace v jej\u00edm u\u017e\u0161\u00edm smyslu je zachov\u00e1n\u00ed kvalitn\u00edch pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst. Lidem, kter\u00fdm hroz\u00ed ztr\u00e1ta zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, by spole\u010dnost m\u011bla nab\u00eddnout \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v podob\u011b velkorys\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f na rekvalifikaci, p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu \u010di do\u010dasn\u00e9 renty. V\u016fbec nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00edm je garance nov\u00e9ho, stejn\u011b dobr\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edho m\u00edsta v nov\u00e9m odv\u011btv\u00ed. Jde p\u0159ece jen o lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed svou prac\u00ed pom\u00e1haj\u00ed na\u0161i spole\u010dnost udr\u017eovat v chodu, a proto si zaslou\u017e\u00ed pomocnou ruku do nov\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku.<\/p>\n\n

V obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00edce pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst, ne\u017e kolik jich hroz\u00ed zaniknout v uheln\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu: \u010dist\u00fd vliv na zam\u011bstnanost bude tedy pozitivn\u00ed. Jak ov\u0161em \u010dasto upozor\u0148uj\u00ed samy odborov\u00e9 svazy, nejde jen o to, aby \u010dlov\u011bk propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd nap\u0159\u00edklad ze zav\u0159en\u00e9ho uheln\u00e9ho dolu z\u00edskal jen tak n\u011bjakou pr\u00e1ci. Ne ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u201ezelen\u00e1\u201c pr\u00e1ce je dobr\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce. Jde tak\u00e9 o to, aby si nepohor\u0161il: pracovn\u00ed a platov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky by m\u011bly b\u00fdt stejn\u011b dobr\u00e9, \u010di dokonce lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v jeho n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edm zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, t\u0159eba v\u010detn\u011b zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1va na \u010dlenstv\u00ed v odborech.<\/p>\n\n

\n<\/lite-youtube>\n<\/div>
Z\u00e1znam webin\u00e1\u0159e po\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9ho 31. b\u0159ezna 2022<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Investice do uheln\u00fdch region\u016f a pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst<\/h2>\n\n

Spravedlivou transformac\u00ed se ale m\u016f\u017ee myslet tak\u00e9 \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed, celospole\u010densk\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd povede jak ke sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed, tak ke sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nerovnost\u00ed. Jak by to m\u011blo fungovat? P\u0159echod od fosiln\u00edch paliv k obnoviteln\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm je obrovsk\u00fd \u00fakol, kter\u00fd si vy\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 velk\u00e9 investice a spoustu pr\u00e1ce. Oboj\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme vyu\u017e\u00edt k tomu, abychom zlep\u0161ili kvalitu \u017eivota velk\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161iny lid\u00ed a napravili nerovnosti posledn\u00edch let, kdy \u0161irok\u00e9 vrstvy obyvatel i cel\u00e9 regiony sp\u00ed\u0161e zaost\u00e1valy, nebo se dokonce propadaly, zat\u00edmco bohatly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ji\u017e bohat\u00e9 firmy a lid\u00e9 s politickou moc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 investice do obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, do n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 dopravy, do zateplov\u00e1n\u00ed budov, do p\u00e9\u010de o krajinu, do ekologick\u00e9ho zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a do dal\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1ny zejm\u00e9na do dnes zaost\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch a perifern\u00edch region\u016f \u010di k lidem, kter\u00fdm se v posledn\u00edch deseti letech od ekonomick\u00e9 krize nevedlo dob\u0159e. Mohou pomoci nejen sn\u00ed\u017eit emise, ale tak\u00e9 napravovat nedostupnost bydlen\u00ed, zlep\u0161it dostupnost ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 dopravy a vytvo\u0159it spoustu dobr\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst.<\/p>\n\n

Takto vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed \u201ezelen\u00e1\u201c \u010di \u201eklimatick\u00e1\u201c pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta (tedy zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed v odv\u011btv\u00edch aktivn\u011b sni\u017euj\u00edc\u00edch emise) pak mohou mimo jin\u00e9 zajistit nov\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed nejen t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed by kv\u016fli odstavov\u00e1n\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch provoz\u016f p\u0159ich\u00e1zeli o pr\u00e1ci, ale tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00edm lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed by nap\u0159\u00edklad kv\u016fli ekonomick\u00e9 krizi jinak z\u016fstali bez zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed. Podobn\u011b \u201e\u0161irok\u00fd\u201c projekt spravedliv\u00e9 transformace dnes prosazuj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad mnoz\u00ed ekologov\u00e9 ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. \u0158\u00edkaj\u00ed mu s odkazem na slavn\u00fd protikrizov\u00fd program prezidenta F. D. Roosevelta z t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch let \u201eGreen New Deal\u201c \u2013 tj. \u201ezelen\u00e1 nov\u00e1 dohoda\u201c. Cht\u011bj\u00ed, aby se desetilet\u00fd program \u00fapln\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu od fosiln\u00edch paliv k obnoviteln\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm, financovan\u00fd z ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch pen\u011bz, spojil s garanc\u00ed pracovn\u00edho m\u00edsta ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, kdo jej chce. A tak\u00e9 s investicemi do v\u0161eobecn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, kvalitn\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 dopravy, modern\u00edho bez-emisn\u00edho bydlen\u00ed \u010di o\u017eiven\u00ed ekonomicky zaost\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch region\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Jak to dopadne u n\u00e1s?<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159ed v\u00fdzvou spravedliv\u00e9 transformace dnes stoj\u00ed tak\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e1 republika. Uhl\u00ed, palivo, na n\u011bm\u017e dosud z\u00e1vis\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina na\u0161\u00ed produkce elekt\u0159iny, by u n\u00e1s z hlediska ochrany klimatu m\u011blo skon\u010dit co nejd\u0159\u00edve \u2013 nejpozd\u011bji b\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch deseti let. Bez ohledu na to, jak\u00e9 datum vybere pro jeho konec uheln\u00e1 komise, m\u016f\u017eeme \u010dekat, \u017ee cel\u00fd uheln\u00fd pr\u016fmysl bude st\u00e1le rychleji upadat a skon\u010d\u00ed mnohem d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e jsme si mysleli.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159itom plat\u00ed, \u017ee dne\u0161n\u00ed uheln\u00e9 regiony maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 obrovsk\u00e9 mo\u017enosti rozvoje. Le\u017e\u00ed v nich podstatn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st dom\u00e1c\u00edho potenci\u00e1lu pro v\u00fdrobu energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f (cel\u00e1 t\u0159etina potenci\u00e1lu pro v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny z v\u011btru le\u017e\u00ed v Kru\u0161n\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch p\u0159\u00edmo nad dne\u0161n\u00edmi uheln\u00fdmi doly) a maj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mo\u017enosti \u00faspor energie i pen\u011bz n\u00edzkoemisn\u00edmi rekonstrukcemi budov. Vysloven\u011b by si ale tak\u00e9 zaslou\u017eily v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 investice do dal\u0161\u00edch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, jako vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a zdravotnictv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v nich jsou vinou chyb minul\u00fdch vl\u00e1d trestuhodn\u011b podfinancovan\u00e9. Poda\u0159\u00ed se tyto mo\u017enosti vyu\u017e\u00edt, nebo to \u201edopadne jako obvykle\u201c a uheln\u00e9 regiony, kter\u00e9 po desetilet\u00ed dopl\u00e1cely na negativn\u00ed d\u016fsledky uheln\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, doplat\u00ed tentokr\u00e1t i na jeho konec?<\/p>\n\n

Auto\u0159i jsou \u010dlenov\u00e9 platformy pro soci\u00e1ln\u011b-ekologickou transformaci Re-set. Na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <\/em>www.re-set.cz<\/em><\/a> najdete jejich publikaci Budoucnost po konci uhl\u00ed jako p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro rozkv\u011bt region\u016f.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S programem \u201espravedliv\u00e9 transformace\u201c (anglicky \u201ejust transition\u201c) p\u0159i\u0161ly p\u016fvodn\u011b v devades\u00e1t\u00fdch letech odbory ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. Jejich p\u0159ed\u00e1k Anthony Mazzocchi t\u00edm m\u011bl na mysli jednoduchou v\u011bc: aby se p\u0159i ekologick\u00fdch…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":63,"featured_media":13946,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[25],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-13927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/63"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13927"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16650,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13927\/revisions\/16650"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13946"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13927"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=13927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}