{"id":14180,"date":"2021-06-23T10:10:12","date_gmt":"2021-06-23T09:10:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=14180"},"modified":"2025-01-30T12:33:19","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T11:33:19","slug":"skryte-dopady-mobilnich-telefonu-na-zivotni-prostredi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/14180\/skryte-dopady-mobilnich-telefonu-na-zivotni-prostredi\/","title":{"rendered":"Skryt\u00e9 dopady mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Webin\u00e1\u0159 s\u00a0n\u00e1zvem \u201eSkryt\u00e9 dopady mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed\u201c prob\u011bhl on-line 6. kv\u011btna 2021 v\u00a0r\u00e1mci vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho projektu Akademie Greenpeace. P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku si p\u0159ipravil Milo\u0161 Pol\u00e1k z\u00a0neziskov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti REMOBIL, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 sb\u011brem a recyklac\u00ed nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdch mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

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P\u0159ed pouh\u00fdmi 12 tis\u00edci lety \u017eilo na cel\u00e9 planet\u011b zhruba stejn\u011b lid\u00ed, jako v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00a0Berl\u00edn\u011b. Energetick\u00e1 i materi\u00e1lov\u00e1 spot\u0159eba tehdej\u0161\u00edho \u010dlov\u011bka byla v\u00fdrazn\u011b men\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e spot\u0159eba sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho modern\u00edho \u010dlov\u011bka, \u010d\u00edm\u017e glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dopady lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti byly zcela minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. Je skoro neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9, \u017ee se ka\u017edou vte\u0159inu vyrob\u00ed celosv\u011btov\u011b asi 57 nov\u00fdch mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f. Z reprezentativn\u00edho pr\u016fzkumu spole\u010dnosti REMOBIL, kter\u00fd prob\u011bhl na konci roku 2020 mezi obyvateli hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta Prahy vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee po\u010det odlo\u017een\u00fdch a nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdch mobil\u016f v r\u00e1mci pra\u017esk\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed je celkem 1,4 miliony kus\u016f, v cel\u00e9 \u010cR pak okolo 12 milion\u016f kus\u016f. K\u00a0recyklaci se p\u0159itom dostane pouze 5 a\u017e 10 % mobil\u016f. Tento fakt p\u0159edstavuje skrytou, ale v\u00fdznamnou environment\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e, kterou lze rozd\u011blit na dv\u011b linie.<\/p>\n\n

Za prv\u00e9 se jedn\u00e1 o (ne)vyu\u017eit\u00ed surovin a materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 mobiln\u00ed telefon obsahuje. Aby si \u010dlov\u011bk dok\u00e1zal jednodu\u0161e p\u0159edstavit environment\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e v\u00fdroby mobiln\u00edho telefonu, sta\u010d\u00ed zm\u00ednit jedin\u00fd fakt. T\u011b\u017eba, v\u00fdroba a kompletace pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9ho mobiln\u00edho telefonu s sebou nese v\u00edce ne\u017e tunu odpadn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu. A recyklac\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f v mobiln\u00edm telefonu (vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 kovy, \u017eelezo, plast, sklo) doch\u00e1z\u00ed k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u00faspo\u0159e \u2013 zejm\u00e9na nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba materi\u00e1l znovu vyt\u011b\u017eit. To v sou\u010dtu znamen\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u00faspory vody a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed produkce ekvivalentu CO2<\/sub>. Mobiln\u00ed telefony tak\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 se odbornou recyklac\u00ed odstran\u00ed \u010di recykluj\u00ed a t\u00edm nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed ke \u0161kodliv\u00fdm emis\u00edm. Pokud mobiln\u00ed telefon skon\u010d\u00ed na skl\u00e1dce odpadu, pak doch\u00e1z\u00ed k uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed toxick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek do \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Podle v\u011bdeck\u00fdch studi\u00ed a\u017e 40 % nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho olova na skl\u00e1dk\u00e1ch odpadu poch\u00e1z\u00ed z elektrick\u00e9ho a elektronick\u00e9ho odpadu.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Za druh\u00e9 samotn\u00e1 v\u00fdroba mobiln\u00edho telefonu je extr\u00e9mn\u011b energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1. Jedn\u00e1 se zejm\u00e9na o v\u00fdrobu integrovan\u00fdch obvod\u016f a \u010dip\u016f. Pro p\u0159edstavu: na v\u00fdrobu jednoho kilogramu \u017eeleza spot\u0159ebujeme asi 25 MJ energie, zat\u00edmco v\u00fdroba jednoho kilogramu smartphon\u016f (5-7 kus\u016f) spot\u0159ebuje okolo 10 000 MJ energie. T\u00edm, \u017ee mobil oprav\u00edme, nebo vyu\u017eijeme jednotliv\u00e9 komponenty na n\u00e1hradn\u00ed d\u00edly, prodlou\u017e\u00edme \u017eivotnost a zu\u017eitkujeme tuto vysokou \u201evt\u011blenou\u201c energii (tzv. \u201eembodied energy<\/em>\u201c).<\/p>\n\n

Proto se REMOBIL sna\u017e\u00ed v\u0161em nab\u00eddnout co nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak se nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdch telefon\u016f zbavit. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 z ka\u017ed\u00e9ho telefonu p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 10 K\u010d na charitativn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely. Spolek REMOBIL sebral ji\u017e 50 tis\u00edc nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdch mobil\u016f a t\u00edm vybral p\u016fl milionu K\u010d nap\u0159. pro pot\u0159eby Jedli\u010dkova \u00fastavu a \u0161kol, pro Mobiln\u00ed hospic Ondr\u00e1\u0161ek nebo pro agentury dom\u00e1c\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de. <\/p>\n\n

A jak m\u016f\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd z n\u00e1s zm\u00edrnit negativn\u00ed dopady velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdch mobil\u016f na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed?<\/p>\n\n

  • Pou\u017e\u00edvat mobiln\u00ed telefon t\u0159eba 5 i v\u00edce let.<\/li>
  • Dob\u0159e si promyslet n\u00e1kup nov\u00e9ho mobilu a zohlednit vlastnosti, jako jsou \u017eivotnost, robustnost, trvanlivost, opravitelnost.<\/li>
  • Pou\u017e\u00edvat r\u016fzn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 prvky jako jsou dal\u0161\u00ed kryty \u010di ochrann\u00e1 skla.<\/li>
  • Spr\u00e1vn\u011b nab\u00edjet mobil pro dlouhou \u017eivotnost baterie. Mobil bychom nem\u011bli p\u0159eb\u00edjet ani nechat zcela vyb\u00edt.<\/li>
  • Vyu\u017e\u00edvat oprav\u00e1rny a servisy. \u010casto sta\u010d\u00ed nechat vym\u011bnit baterii a telefon lze pou\u017e\u00edvat dal\u0161\u00ed 2 roky.<\/li>
  • Pokud u\u017e je telefon opravdu nepot\u0159ebn\u00fd a nepou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd, i tak mu lze d\u00e1t nov\u00fd smysl. Mobil lze nap\u0159\u00edklad prodat, darovat, vyu\u017e\u00edt pro jin\u00fd \u00fa\u010del nebo v\u011bnovat do projektu REMOBIL. <\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Webin\u00e1\u0159 s n\u00e1zvem \u201eSkryt\u00e9 dopady mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed\u201c prob\u011bhl on-line 6. kv\u011btna 2021 v r\u00e1mci vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho projektu Akademie Greenpeace. P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku si p\u0159ipravil Milo\u0161 Pol\u00e1k z neziskov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti REMOBIL, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":56,"featured_media":14185,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[22,36],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-14180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vzdelavani","tag-setrimeplanetu","tag-akademie-greenpeace","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/56"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14180"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14180\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14184,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14180\/revisions\/14184"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14185"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14180"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=14180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}