{"id":14423,"date":"2021-08-10T10:57:48","date_gmt":"2021-08-10T09:57:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=14423"},"modified":"2021-08-19T21:12:13","modified_gmt":"2021-08-19T20:12:13","slug":"fotim-zmenu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/14423\/fotim-zmenu\/","title":{"rendered":"Fot\u00edm zm\u011bnu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 krajina se m\u011bn\u00ed kv\u016fli rostouc\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 teplot\u011b. V zim\u011b nen\u00ed sn\u00edh, pr\u0161\u00ed jindy, ne\u017e jsme byli zvykl\u00ed a teploty neodpov\u00eddaj\u00ed pranostik\u00e1m minul\u00fdch generac\u00ed. Pod\u00edvej se, jak se na\u0161e krajina m\u011bn\u00ed, nahr\u00e1vej sv\u00e9 fotografie a sd\u00edlej sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm nov\u00e9 foto-platformy Fot\u00edm zm\u011bnu<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Po\u010das\u00ed a klima jsou dv\u011b r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u0161ak vz\u00e1jemn\u011b prov\u00e1zan\u00e9. Kdy\u017e hovo\u0159\u00edme o po\u010das\u00ed, m\u00e1me t\u00edm na mysli aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed stav v\u0161ech atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek v dan\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b a \u010dase, zat\u00edmco klima ozna\u010duje dlouhodob\u00fd charakter po\u010das\u00ed v ur\u010dit\u00e9 lokalit\u011b: Nap\u0159\u00edklad o oblastech Arktidy a Antarktidy m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee tam panuje chladn\u00e9 a such\u00e9 klima. Pokud se v\u0161ak zm\u011bn\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f klima, zm\u011bn\u00ed se i r\u016fznorodost po\u010das\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161inu \u010dasu \u2013 v ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u2013 je relativn\u011b dobr\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed, tedy bez velk\u00fdch extr\u00e9m\u016f. M\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed ud\u00e1losti jako bou\u0159ky nebo v\u00fdrazn\u011b tepl\u00e9 \u010di studen\u00e9 dny. Jestli\u017ee se klima otepl\u00ed, nezm\u011bn\u00ed se o tolik charakter typick\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed, ale zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed se pravd\u011bpodobnost a frekvence d\u0159\u00edve v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch extr\u00e9mn\u00edch jev\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

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\u00a9 Photo by ILYAS AKENGIN\/AFP via Getty Images<\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

N\u00e1sledky sou\u010dasn\u00e9 zm\u011bny klimatu poci\u0165ujeme po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b a na v\u0161ech kontinentech, ale jej\u00ed projevy mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fzn\u00e9, a proto ka\u017ed\u00e1 zem\u011b i jej\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 regiony \u010del\u00ed trochu jin\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm. Zat\u00edmco jedni pozoruj\u00ed, jak v jejich vyprahl\u00e9 krajin\u011b pomalu vysychaj\u00ed studny a les se m\u011bn\u00ed v hol\u00e9 pl\u00e1n\u011b, jin\u00ed se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 hladiny \u0159ek a povodn\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edroda se v d\u016fsledku zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 teplot\u011b planety m\u011bn\u00ed, a by\u0165 se jedn\u00e1 o glob\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9m, zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed n\u00e1s pr\u00e1v\u011b va\u0161e lok\u00e1ln\u00ed zku\u0161enosti. Pomoz n\u00e1m zdokumentovat projevy a dopady klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice, pozoruj, jak se prom\u011b\u0148uje krajina ve tv\u00e9m okol\u00ed a pod\u011bl se s ostatn\u00edmi o sv\u00e9 post\u0159ehy a zku\u0161enost s extr\u00e9mn\u00edmi jevy po\u010das\u00ed. Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch www.fotimzmenu.cz<\/a> sledujeme sedm z\u00e1kladn\u00edch kategori\u00ed extr\u00e9m\u016f po\u010das\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch se zm\u011bnou klimatu: sucho, povodn\u011b, po\u017e\u00e1ry, vlny horka, pozdn\u00ed mr\u00e1z, extr\u00e9mn\u00ed v\u00edtr a vegeta\u010dn\u00ed anom\u00e1lie.<\/p>\n\n

Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty sv\u011bta, kde u\u017e se nyn\u00ed bojuje o pitnou vodu, anebo kv\u016fli po\u017e\u00e1r\u016fm a vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m migruj\u00ed cel\u00e9 vesnice lid\u00ed hledat nov\u00e9 domovy, jsou v \u010cR projevy klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny zat\u00edm relativn\u011b m\u00edrn\u00e9. Zku\u0161enosti s p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed katastrofou takov\u00e9ho rozsahu m\u00e1 v na\u0161ich zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch \u0161\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1ch jen nepatrn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st lid\u00ed. Mezi nejni\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch katastrof, se kterou se v\u0161ak \u010cesk\u00e1 republika pot\u00fdk\u00e1 pravideln\u011b, bychom mohli za\u0159adit povodn\u011b zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 prudk\u00fdmi de\u0161ti. S ohledem na zm\u011bnu klimatu je tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 m\u00edt vypracovan\u00fd pl\u00e1n pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik a uplat\u0148ovat p\u0159irozen\u00e9 principy povod\u0148ov\u00e9 prevence, co\u017e se zat\u00edm v \u010cesku p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ned\u011bje. Inspiraci bychom p\u0159itom mohli hledat nedaleko – nap\u0159\u00edklad v Kodani vznikl pl\u00e1n, kter\u00fd \u0159e\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1hl\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00e9 de\u0161t\u011b mimo jin\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm nov\u00fdch cyklostezek, kter\u00e9 z\u00e1rove\u0148 slou\u017e\u00ed jako odvod\u0148ovac\u00ed kan\u00e1ly. <\/p>\n\n

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Povodn\u011b v Praze.(c) Greenpeace<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 adapta\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou \u010cesku vyt\u00fdk\u00e1na i v prevenci sucha, v d\u016fsledku kter\u00e9ho v posledn\u00edch letech plo\u0161n\u011b vym\u00edraj\u00ed lesy s p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed monokulturou smrku. Ty narozd\u00edl od listnat\u00fdch strom\u016f p\u0159i nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 vl\u00e1ze rychle ztr\u00e1c\u00ed svou odolnost a podl\u00e9haj\u00ed k\u016frovci. M\u011bli bychom se sna\u017eit zachovat a obnovit p\u016fvodn\u00ed sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 lesy, kter\u00e9 jsou odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u016f\u010di klimatick\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m a nav\u00edc udr\u017euj\u00ed p\u0159irozenou biodiverzitu. Bohu\u017eel na \u0159ad\u011b m\u00edst v \u010cR vid\u00edme p\u0159esn\u00fd opak – nap\u0159\u00edklad v Kru\u0161n\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch jsou t\u011b\u017eeny stolet\u00e9 bukov\u00e9 stromy a m\u00edsto nich jsou vysazov\u00e1ny nep\u016fvodn\u00ed d\u0159eviny, co\u017e naru\u0161uje cel\u00fd m\u00edstn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9m a ohro\u017euje vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 rostlinn\u00e9 i \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 druhy. <\/p>\n\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 dopady klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny na \u010deskou krajinu jsou m\u00e9n\u011b viditeln\u00e9. V na\u0161em projektu se proto v\u011bnujeme pozdn\u00edm mraz\u016fm a vegeta\u010dn\u00edm anom\u00e1li\u00edm. Pozdn\u00ed mrazy jsou fenom\u00e9n, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m na ja\u0159e po n\u011bkolika tepl\u00fdch dnech zas\u00e1hne na\u0161i krajinu p\u0159\u00edliv studen\u00e9ho vzduchu a nej\u010dast\u011bji zni\u010d\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b rozkv\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed ovocn\u00e9 stromy. Vegeta\u010dn\u00ed anom\u00e1lie vznikaj\u00ed naopak nej\u010dast\u011bji na podzim. Neobvykle tepl\u00fd vzduch zmate vnit\u0159n\u00ed hodiny rostlin, kter\u00e9 za\u010dnou na podzim kv\u00e9st a rozv\u00edjet se stejn\u011b rychle jako na ja\u0159e, jen aby po n\u011bkolika dnech byly op\u011bt se\u017eehnuty zimn\u00edm po\u010das\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n

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.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Po\u010das\u00ed a klima jsou dv\u011b r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u0161ak vz\u00e1jemn\u011b prov\u00e1zan\u00e9. Kdy\u017e hovo\u0159\u00edme o po\u010das\u00ed, m\u00e1me t\u00edm na mysli aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed stav v\u0161ech atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek v dan\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b a \u010dase, zat\u00edmco klima…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":64,"featured_media":14383,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[20],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-14423","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-zmena-klimatu","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14423","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/64"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14423"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14423\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14590,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14423\/revisions\/14590"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14423"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14423"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14423"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=14423"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}