{"id":15321,"date":"2016-05-10T12:43:00","date_gmt":"2016-05-10T11:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=15321"},"modified":"2021-12-01T13:32:54","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T12:32:54","slug":"biopaliva-nesmeji-slouzit-jako-alibi-pro-byznys-s-palmovym-olejem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/15321\/biopaliva-nesmeji-slouzit-jako-alibi-pro-byznys-s-palmovym-olejem\/","title":{"rendered":"Biopaliva nesm\u011bj\u00ed slou\u017eit jako alibi pro byznys s palmov\u00fdm olejem"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u010c\u00edm v\u00edce spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 i neziskov\u00e9 organizace tla\u010d\u00ed na potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a kosmetick\u00e9 firmy, aby se kv\u016fli jejich palmov\u00e9mu oleji nek\u00e1cely a nevypalovaly indon\u00e9sk\u00e9 pralesy, t\u00edm v\u00edce se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s n\u00e1zorem, \u017ee tyto firmy za nic nemohou a \u017ee pralesy miz\u00ed jen a pouze kv\u016fli biopaliv\u016fm. Jak to tedy je?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Je nepopirateln\u00fdm faktem, \u017ee spot\u0159eba levn\u00e9ho palmov\u00e9ho oleje kv\u016fli nesmysln\u00e9 masivn\u00ed podpo\u0159e biopaliv vzrostla v Evropsk\u00e9 unii v posledn\u00ed dek\u00e1d\u011b minim\u00e1ln\u011b na \u0161estin\u00e1sobek. Podle odhad\u016f Glopolisu by se v Evrop\u011b brzy mohlo mno\u017estv\u00ed palmov\u00e9ho oleje spot\u0159ebovan\u00e9 do bionafty, na topen\u00ed \u010di na v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny vyrovnat mno\u017estv\u00ed tohoto oleje v potravin\u00e1ch a kosmetice. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 zem\u011b p\u0159itom spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 dovezen\u00fd olej r\u016fzn\u011b – \u010cesk\u00e1 republika je \u0159epkov\u00e1 velmoc, tak\u017ee kontroverzn\u00ed indon\u00e9sk\u00fd tuk se v n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch na\u0161ich aut spaluje m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e v jin\u00fdch st\u00e1tech a v\u00edce se ho spot\u0159ebuje do potravin. V jin\u00fdch zem\u00edch se ale tento rozd\u00edl st\u00edr\u00e1 a v\u00edce oleje se naopak p\u0159im\u00edch\u00e1v\u00e1 do pohonn\u00fdch hmot. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed palmov\u00e9ho oleje v biopalivech je opravdu velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m. A je dob\u0159e, \u017ee se o n\u011bm mluv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

\"Sampling
Palmov\u00fd olej se podle test\u016f Greenpeace pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v Evropsk\u00e9 unii v biopalivech ji\u017e p\u0159es 10 let.
\u00a9 Greenpeace – Martin Langer<\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Absolutn\u011b ale odm\u00edt\u00e1m tezi, \u017ee velk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed na\u0161e potraviny a kosmetick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravky nemohou za odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed prales\u016f v Indon\u00e9sii. Byl to pr\u00e1v\u011b potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl a nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 promy\u0161len\u00e9 nahrazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b ztu\u017een\u00fdch pokrmov\u00fdch tuk\u016f palmov\u00fdm, kter\u00e9 boom p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed olejn\u00fdch palem odstartoval. To, \u017ee popt\u00e1vka nyn\u00ed roste pomaleji ne\u017e p\u0159ed lety, je d\u00e1no hlavn\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee prom\u011bna potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu a masivn\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed palmov\u00e9ho oleje do v\u00fdroby je ji\u017e z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti dokon\u00e1no. Naopak n\u011bkter\u00e9 firmy rad\u011bji na n\u00e1tlak spot\u0159ebitel\u016f od pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed palmov\u00e9ho tuku upou\u0161tej\u00ed a p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed s nov\u00fdmi recepturami, co\u017e n\u00e1r\u016fst popt\u00e1vky tak\u00e9 sni\u017euje. <\/p>\n\n

Fakt, \u017ee se firmy, kter\u00e9 palmov\u00fd olej pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, br\u00e1n\u00ed a h\u00e1j\u00ed svoji dobrou pov\u011bst, je pochopiteln\u00fd. Ale p\u0159\u00edstup, kter\u00fd zvolily, n\u00e1m p\u0159ijde nesm\u00edrn\u011b alibistick\u00fd. Spole\u010dnosti prakticky \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed: \u201cPod\u00edvejte se na biopaliva. Kv\u016fli nim se zrovna te\u010f k\u00e1c\u00ed v\u00edc prales\u016f, ne\u017e kv\u016fli n\u00e1m.\u201d A n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed experti na potraviny a v\u00fd\u017eivu jim tuto v\u00fdmluvu legitimizuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Nav\u00edc to rozd\u011blen\u00ed na hodn\u00e9 potravin\u00e1\u0159e a zl\u00e9 biopaliv\u00e1\u0159e selh\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e se pod\u00edv\u00e1me, jak produkce palmov\u00e9ho oleje funguje v praxi. A\u017e na v\u00fdjimky jsou palmov\u00e9 plant\u00e1\u017ee v rukou indon\u00e9sk\u00fdch, respektive malajsk\u00fdch a singapursk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. Tyto lok\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010di region\u00e1ln\u00ed firmy p\u011bstuj\u00ed palmy a lisuj\u00ed z nich olej p\u0159\u00edmo na m\u00edst\u011b do 48 hodin, proto\u017ee jinak by se plody palmy zkazily. V\u00fdsledkem jsou pak r\u016fzn\u00e9 frakce palmov\u00e9ho oleje – tekut\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je vhodn\u00e1 na sma\u017een\u00ed \u010di na pou\u017eit\u00ed jako biopalivo, a tu\u017e\u0161\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je vhodn\u00e1 k pou\u017eit\u00ed jako strukturn\u00ed tuk v potravin\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Oba druhy palmov\u00e9ho oleje pak spole\u010dnosti p\u0159eprod\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u00e1l a je jim celkem jedno, jestli si kupec jejich produkty p\u0159im\u00edch\u00e1 do \u010dokol\u00e1dy \u010di do nafty. Sektor potravin\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a biopaliv nen\u00ed nijak odd\u011blen\u00fd. Tak\u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 snaha o zpr\u016fhledn\u011bn\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce u potravinov\u00fdch a kosmetick\u00fdch firem a zaveden\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdch kontrol p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed palem jde p\u0159\u00edmo proti firm\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 vypaluj\u00ed a k\u00e1cej\u00ed pralesy a jejich\u017e palmov\u00fd olej se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako biopalivo.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

V\u0161e \u0159e\u010den\u00e9 ale nic nem\u011bn\u00ed na faktu, \u017ee do budoucna se budeme muset vypo\u0159\u00e1dat s nov\u00fdm trendem a zastavit p\u0159im\u00edch\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed palmov\u00e9ho oleje do pohonn\u00fdch hmot. \u0160patn\u00e9 ov\u0161em je, \u017ee si Evropsk\u00e1 unie ji\u017e p\u0159ed \u010dasem schv\u00e1lila politiku t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se biopaliv. Ta po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 do roku 2020 s postupn\u00fdm navy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm biologick\u00e9 slo\u017eky v naft\u011b na sedm procent. Ve schv\u00e1len\u00e9m opat\u0159en\u00ed tak\u00e9 nakonec nebylo nijak o\u0161et\u0159eno, aby byla v\u00edce podporov\u00e1na biopaliva druh\u00e9 generace, kv\u016fli nim\u017e se nemusej\u00ed p\u011bstovat plodiny na pol\u00edch. Mo\u017enosti zvr\u00e1tit toto rozhodnut\u00ed jsou bohu\u017eel velice omezen\u00e9. D\u00e1 se tedy o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee se popt\u00e1vka po palmov\u00e9m oleji bude je\u0161t\u011b zvy\u0161ovat, i kdy\u017e – doufejme – ne tak razantn\u011b jako v posledn\u00edch deseti letech. <\/p>\n\n

\u010cek\u00e1 n\u00e1s v budoucnosti velk\u00fd \u00fakol a to dohl\u00e9dnout, aby se Evropsk\u00e1 unie postavila k probl\u00e9mu \u010delem a za\u010dala \u0159e\u0161it, \u017ee je jako jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch odb\u011bratel\u016f palmov\u00e9ho oleje spoluzodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ekologick\u00fd probl\u00e9m 21. stolet\u00ed. Bude pot\u0159eba \u00fapln\u011b p\u0159ehodnotit masivn\u00ed podporu biopaliv, kter\u00e1 se p\u011bstuj\u00ed na pol\u00edch, a nahradit je pokud mo\u017eno biopalivy vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00fdmi z odpadu a jin\u00fdch alternativn\u00edch zdroj\u016f. <\/p>\n

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\u010c\u00edm v\u00edce spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 i neziskov\u00e9 organizace tla\u010d\u00ed na potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a kosmetick\u00e9 firmy, aby se kv\u016fli jejich palmov\u00e9mu oleji nek\u00e1cely a nevypalovaly indon\u00e9sk\u00e9 pralesy, t\u00edm v\u00edce se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s n\u00e1zorem, \u017ee…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":2462,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[17],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-15321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-lesy-pralesy","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15321","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15321"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15321\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15773,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15321\/revisions\/15773"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2462"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15321"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15321"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15321"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=15321"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}