{"id":16289,"date":"2022-03-07T16:36:46","date_gmt":"2022-03-07T15:36:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=16289"},"modified":"2023-12-05T10:19:30","modified_gmt":"2023-12-05T09:19:30","slug":"jak-souvisi-valka-na-ukrajine-s-krizi-na-blizkem-vychode","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/16289\/jak-souvisi-valka-na-ukrajine-s-krizi-na-blizkem-vychode\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak souvis\u00ed v\u00e1lka na Ukrajin\u011b s kriz\u00ed na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Rusk\u00e1 invaze na Ukrajinu bude m\u00edt mimo jin\u00e9 tak\u00e9 velk\u00fd dopad na Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod, kter\u00fd je z\u00e1visl\u00fd na importu potravin. Sucho a vysok\u00e9 teploty, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u016fsledkem klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny, toti\u017e z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovlivnily m\u00edstn\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blskou produkci, a st\u00e1ty Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu tak mus\u00ed suroviny dov\u00e1\u017eet ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed. \u0158eka Eufrat, na kter\u00e9 stoj\u00ed p\u0159ehrady Tabqa, Tishreen a Baas, d\u0159\u00edve nap\u00e1jela olivov\u00e9 h\u00e1je u Dama\u0161ku a byla hlavn\u00edm vodn\u00edm zdrojem pro zem\u011bd\u011blce v provincii Hasakeh. Letos v\u0161ak hladina \u0159eky klesla na sv\u00e9 historick\u00e9 minimum a v d\u016fsledku sucha tak S\u00fdrie p\u0159i\u0161la o t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dv\u011b st\u011b tis\u00edc hektar\u016f orn\u00e9 p\u016fdy. Pitn\u00e1 voda je v cel\u00e9 zemi pouze na p\u0159\u00edd\u011bl a ten se nenavy\u0161uje ani p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch. V extr\u00e9mn\u011b hork\u00fdch dnech se tak Sy\u0159an\u00e9 mus\u00ed spol\u00e9hat na alternativn\u00ed vodn\u00ed zdroje, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed riziko pro jejich zdrav\u00ed. Nedostatek vody tak\u00e9 zap\u0159\u00ed\u010dinil v\u00fdpadky proudu, proto\u017ee t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 70 % elekt\u0159iny vyr\u00e1b\u00ed vodn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny, kter\u00e9 te\u010f nemohou v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m re\u017eimu fungovat.<\/p>\n\n

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Vysu\u0161en\u00e1 \u0159eka v provincii Hasakah<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Na takov\u00e9 dopady klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny nen\u00ed S\u00fdrie p\u0159ipraven\u00e1. Po desetilet\u00e9m v\u00e1l\u010den\u00ed \u010del\u00ed humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed katastrof\u011b, proto\u017ee je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 chud\u00e1 na to, aby zajistila import potravin a p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rozvr\u00e1cen\u00e1, aby mohla \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b reformovat sv\u016fj vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Na jej\u00edm \u00fazem\u00ed dnes operuj\u00ed vojska ciz\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 \u00fadajn\u011b zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed ochranu civilist\u016f p\u0159ed teroristy. M\u00edstn\u00ed by si v\u0161ak sp\u00ed\u0161 p\u0159\u00e1li, aby z jejich zem\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci ciz\u00ed arm\u00e1dy ode\u0161li a s lehk\u00fdm sarkasmem dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee tu voj\u00e1ci chr\u00e1n\u00ed zejm\u00e9na ropn\u00e9 plo\u0161iny a ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f. Severov\u00fdchod S\u00fdrie je ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n SDF s podporou Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, men\u0161\u00ed regiony na z\u00e1pad\u011b kontroluje tureck\u00e1 arm\u00e1da a hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Dama\u0161ek \u0159\u00edd\u00ed prezident Ba\u0161\u00e1r Asad, kter\u00e9ho u moci udr\u017eela Rusk\u00e1 federace. Na jeho vl\u00e1du uvalily Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty sankce a zavedly tzv. Caesar\u016fv z\u00e1kon, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kter\u00e9ho jsou rovn\u011b\u017e sankciov\u00e1ny pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed a omezen import. Z\u00e1kon citeln\u011b zas\u00e1hl zejm\u00e9na b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 ob\u010dany, kte\u0159\u00ed kv\u016fli tomu p\u0159i\u0161li o pr\u00e1ci a mus\u00ed \u017e\u00edt v rozbombardovan\u00e9 zemi na hranici chudoby.<\/p>\n\n

Jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch negativn\u00edch dopad\u016f klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny ve zraniteln\u00fdch oblastech je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na pomoci nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed nebo jin\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. Na ukrajinsk\u00e9m exportu p\u0161enice jsou z\u00e1visl\u00e9 zem\u011b jako jsou Egypt, Jord\u00e1nsko nebo Libanon, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed se S\u00fdri\u00ed spole\u010dnou historii a velmi podobnou kulturu \u2013 ostatn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161ina Sy\u0159an\u016f prchala p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou pr\u00e1v\u011b do t\u011bchto st\u00e1t\u016f. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed druh\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st 6. hodnot\u00edc\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy IPCC<\/a> – migra\u010dn\u00ed procesy jsou spont\u00e1nn\u00edm adapta\u010dn\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00edm na zm\u011bnu klimatu v mnoha zraniteln\u00fdch oblastech a pro n\u011bkter\u00e1 spole\u010denstv\u00ed je p\u0159esun jedin\u00fdm sch\u016fdn\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm. Pro \u0159adu lid\u00ed se tak migrace st\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zkou \u017eivota a smrti a nutno dodat, \u017ee zdaleka ne v\u0161ichni maj\u00ed dostatek financ\u00ed na to, aby mohli za\u010d\u00edt od nuly nov\u00fd \u017eivot jinde. Miliony lid\u00ed tak nad\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve slo\u017eit\u00e9 situaci v zem\u00edch, kde se rapidn\u011b sni\u017euje potravinov\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost. Kv\u016fli v\u00e1lce na Ukrajin\u011b prudce stoup\u00e1 cena p\u0161enice a hroz\u00ed tak, \u017ee se stane pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 st\u00e1ty finan\u010de nedostupnou surovinou. Z podobn\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu kdysi za\u010daly nepokoje v mnoha arabsk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech v\u010detn\u011b S\u00fdrie, kde vy\u00fastily v krvavou v\u00e1lku, v n\u00ed\u017e sv\u011btov\u00e9 velmoci usilovaly o p\u0159evzet\u00ed kontroly. Nejen\u017ee se sou\u010dasn\u00e1 situace a\u017e n\u00e1padn\u011b podob\u00e1 t\u00e9 p\u0159ed deseti lety, ale Rusko dnes rekrutuje syrsk\u00e9 \u017eold\u00e1ky i civilisty do v\u00e1lky na Ukrajin\u011b v\u00fdm\u011bnou za pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd plat a zbo\u017e\u00ed pro jejich rodiny. Mlad\u00ed mu\u017ei se toti\u017e ve v\u00e1lkou zm\u00edtan\u00e9 S\u00fdrii nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e bojovat ani nau\u010dit nemohli, p\u0159i\u0161li o mo\u017enost se vzd\u011bl\u00e1vat i pracovat a z\u00e1rove\u0148 jsou to pr\u00e1v\u011b oni, kdo te\u010f mus\u00ed zajistit svou rodinu. Kolob\u011bh n\u00e1sil\u00ed jde bohu\u017eel jen t\u011b\u017eko zastavit, pokud u\u017e se jednou rozto\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rusk\u00e1 invaze na Ukrajinu bude m\u00edt mimo jin\u00e9 tak\u00e9 velk\u00fd dopad na Bl\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdchod, kter\u00fd je z\u00e1visl\u00fd na importu potravin. Sucho a vysok\u00e9 teploty, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u016fsledkem klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny, toti\u017e…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":64,"featured_media":16316,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[20],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-16289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nas-svet","tag-zmena-klimatu","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16289","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/64"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16289"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16289\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18893,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16289\/revisions\/18893"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16289"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16289"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16289"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=16289"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}