{"id":16443,"date":"2022-03-28T13:39:02","date_gmt":"2022-03-28T12:39:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=16443"},"modified":"2022-04-06T08:07:27","modified_gmt":"2022-04-06T07:07:27","slug":"jednani-o-globalni-oceanske-smlouve-zatim-krachla-dalsi-kolo-probehne-behem-ceskeho-predsednictvi-eu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/16443\/jednani-o-globalni-oceanske-smlouve-zatim-krachla-dalsi-kolo-probehne-behem-ceskeho-predsednictvi-eu\/","title":{"rendered":"Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 smlouv\u011b zat\u00edm krachla. Dal\u0161\u00ed kolo prob\u011bhne b\u011bhem \u010desk\u00e9ho p\u0159edsednictv\u00ed EU\u00a0\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Minul\u00fd p\u00e1tek skon\u010dilo v s\u00eddle OSN New Yorku zased\u00e1n\u00ed zased\u00e1n\u00ed mezivl\u00e1dn\u00ed konference (IGC) o tzv. Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 smlouv\u011b, tedy pr\u00e1vn\u011b z\u00e1vazn\u00e9m n\u00e1stroji pro aktivity na voln\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00edch. \u00damluva m\u011bla mimo jin\u00e9 umo\u017enit vytvo\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b mo\u0159sk\u00fdch rezervac\u00ed na 30 % voln\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00ed do roku 2030. M\u011blo j\u00edt o posledn\u00ed ze \u010dty\u0159 napl\u00e1novan\u00fdch setk\u00e1n\u00ed IGC. Dvout\u00fddenn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak skon\u010dilo krachem, a nad\u011bje se tak up\u00ednaj\u00ed k p\u00e1t\u00e9mu kolu jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kde m\u016f\u017ee velmi v\u00fdznamnou roli hr\u00e1t i \u010cesko. <\/p>\n\n

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Oce\u00e1ny jsou v ohro\u017een\u00ed. (c) Greenpeace – Tommy Trenchard<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Voln\u00e1 mo\u0159e neboli \u201chigh seas\u201d se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed za hranicemi \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou pod kontrolou pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f. Pat\u0159\u00ed v\u0161em obyvatel\u016fm planety, tedy i \u010cech\u016fm. Tvo\u0159\u00ed zhruba 60 % v\u0161ech sv\u011btov\u00fdch oce\u00e1n\u016f. Jsou to oblasti mimo jurisdikci n\u00e1rodn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdznam pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed potravinov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti, biodiverzity a stability mo\u0159sk\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f nutn\u00e9 mimo jin\u00e9 i pro zachycov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00edku z atmosf\u00e9ry. <\/a><\/p>\n\n

Navzdory d\u016fle\u017eitosti voln\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00ed dodnes chyb\u00ed jasn\u011b stanoven\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec jejich spr\u00e1vy, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee zajistit jejich zachov\u00e1n\u00ed a udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. V roce 1982 byla v Montego Bay na Jamajce podeps\u00e1na smlouva Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f o mo\u0159sk\u00e9m pr\u00e1vu \u2013 UNCLOS. A pr\u00e1v\u011b pod hlavi\u010dkou t\u00e9to \u00famluvy se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed pravidla pro ochranu a udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9 biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti oblast\u00ed mimo n\u00e1rodn\u00ed jurisdikci. <\/p>\n\n

\u00damluva \u0159e\u0161\u00ed celou \u0159adu oblast\u00ed, posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed vlivu lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti na mo\u0159sk\u00e9 a oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my, vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a pr\u00e1vn\u00ed status mo\u0159sk\u00fdch genetick\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, monitoring a sd\u00edlen\u00ed dat, glob\u00e1ln\u00ed a region\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1stroje pro spr\u00e1vu mo\u0159\u00ed, financov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto n\u00e1stroj\u016f a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed kapacit pro jejich fungov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornost a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nad\u011bje v souvislosti s ochranou oce\u00e1n\u016f se up\u00edn\u00e1 k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b mo\u0159sk\u00fdch rezervac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by do roku 2030 m\u011bly pokr\u00fdt 30 % voln\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00ed. Celosv\u011btovou petici Greenpeace za mo\u0159sk\u00e9 rezervace m\u00e1 ji\u017e skoro 5 milion\u016f podpis\u016f, z toho zhruba 60 tis\u00edc z \u010ceska.<\/p>\n\n

Greenpeace usiluje o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b mo\u0159sk\u00fdch rezervac\u00ed ji\u017e p\u0159es 15 let. D\u016fvod je z\u0159ejm\u00fd –  rezervace ochr\u00e1n\u00ed nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u00edsta voln\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ed destruktivn\u00edmi dopady lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti a umo\u017en\u00ed tak\u00e9 zotaven\u00ed naru\u0161en\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f. Organizace poprv\u00e9 popsala koncept vytvo\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b mo\u0159sk\u00fdch rezervac\u00ed ji\u017e v roce 2006 ve studii Roadmap to Recovery.<\/a> P\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm prvn\u00edho setk\u00e1n\u00ed IGC pak spole\u010dn\u011b s univerzitami v Cambridge a Yorku vytvo\u0159ila detailn\u00ed pl\u00e1n<\/a>, jak by s\u00ed\u0165 rezervac\u00ed m\u011bla vypadat. Jeho sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jsou i n\u00e1vrhy, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem rezervace chr\u00e1nit a monitorovat. Pl\u00e1n Greenpeace z\u00edskal v\u011bdeckou i politickou podporu a dostal se pak a\u017e na p\u016fdu OSN. Tam bohu\u017eel ani \u010dty\u0159i kola jedn\u00e1n\u00ed ke schv\u00e1len\u00ed dohody nesta\u010dily.  <\/p>\n\n

O dal\u0161\u00edm osudu Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 smlouvy by se m\u011blo rozhodnout do konce roku. Uva\u017euje se, \u017ee p\u00e1t\u00e9 kolo jedn\u00e1n\u00ed bude v srpnu. To je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va i pro \u010cesko, proto\u017ee v t\u00e9 dob\u011b b\u011bhem \u010desk\u00e9ho p\u0159edsednictv\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie. Pr\u00e1v\u011b EU, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 c\u00edl 30×30 zakotven i ve sv\u00e9 Strategii pro biodiverzitu, prosazovala co nejambici\u00f3zn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed c\u00edle b\u011bhem vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem jedn\u00e1n\u00ed se b\u011bhem francouzsk\u00e9ho p\u0159edsednictv\u00ed zformovala na summitu One Ocean v Brestu  takzvan\u00e1  High Ambition Coalition – koalice 48 st\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 se zav\u00e1zaly prosadit silnou glob\u00e1ln\u00ed smlouvu o oce\u00e1nech a zajistit ochranu 30 % voln\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00ed do roku 2030. Pr\u00e1v\u011b s\u00edla, vyjedn\u00e1vac\u00ed schopnosti a diplomatick\u00fd tlak \u010dlen\u016f t\u00e9to kolice jsou podle \u0159ady \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f prob\u011bhl\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dem k \u00fasp\u011bchu b\u011bhem dal\u0161\u00edho kola jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 snad ji\u017e bude fin\u00e1ln\u00ed. A \u010cesko p\u0159i t\u011bchto jedn\u00e1n\u00edch m\u016f\u017ee zastupovat celou Evropskou unii. <\/p>\n\n

Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b se nab\u00edz\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, jestli jsme na to jako vnitrozemsk\u00fd st\u00e1t p\u0159ipraveni a nenech\u00e1me agendu rad\u011bji Francii, kter\u00e1 EU p\u0159edsed\u00e1 nyn\u00ed, nebo \u0160v\u00e9dsku, kter\u00e9 bude m\u00edt p\u0159edsednictv\u00ed po n\u00e1s. Nebylo by to poprv\u00e9, kdy se vnitrozemsk\u00fd st\u00e1t b\u011bhem p\u0159edsednictv\u00ed \u201cvyvl\u00e9kl\u201d z mo\u0159sk\u00e9 agendy, ale t\u0159eba n\u00e1s vl\u00e1da Petra Fialy p\u0159ekvap\u00ed a \u010cesko se nesmazateln\u011b zap\u00ed\u0161e do historie ochrany oce\u00e1n\u016f, a dostate\u010dn\u011b silnou glob\u00e1ln\u00ed smlouvu o oce\u00e1nech prosad\u00ed. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Minul\u00fd p\u00e1tek skon\u010dilo v s\u00eddle OSN New Yorku zased\u00e1n\u00ed zased\u00e1n\u00ed mezivl\u00e1dn\u00ed konference (IGC) o tzv. Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 smlouv\u011b, tedy pr\u00e1vn\u011b z\u00e1vazn\u00e9m n\u00e1stroji pro aktivity na voln\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00edch. \u00damluva m\u011bla mimo…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":16444,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[18],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-16443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-oceany","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16443","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16443"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16443\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16543,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16443\/revisions\/16543"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16443"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=16443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}