{"id":17443,"date":"2022-08-26T07:33:18","date_gmt":"2022-08-26T06:33:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=17443"},"modified":"2022-08-28T23:07:32","modified_gmt":"2022-08-28T22:07:32","slug":"obnovitelne-zdroje-a-uspory-jako-reseni-energeticke-bezpecnosti-evropy%ef%bf%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/17443\/obnovitelne-zdroje-a-uspory-jako-reseni-energeticke-bezpecnosti-evropy%ef%bf%bc\/","title":{"rendered":"Obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje a \u00faspory jako \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed energetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti Evropy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Plynov\u00e1 krize, rostouc\u00ed ceny energi\u00ed a rusk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka v Ukrajin\u011b dostaly energetickou bezpe\u010dnost na vrcholnou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dku agendy Evropsk\u00e9 unie. V d\u016fsledku evropsk\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti na dovozu rusk\u00fdch fosiln\u00edch paliv se Evropsk\u00e1 komise a \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty rozhodly zv\u00fd\u0161it sv\u00e9 ambice v oblasti obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie i energetick\u00fdch \u00faspor. Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed, klimatickou a energetickou krizi toti\u017e mus\u00edme \u0159e\u0161it sou\u010dasn\u011b. Pr\u00e1v\u011b to je cesta k levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu a stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu energetick\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt a\u017e tak vzd\u00e1lenou budoucnost\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

K energetick\u00e9 transformaci n\u00e1m m\u00e1 pomoci evropsk\u00e1 legislativa.Tou nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, kterou p\u0159edstavila Evropsk\u00e1 komise v kv\u011btnu, je pl\u00e1n RePower EU. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tohoto pl\u00e1nu, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na dovozu fosiln\u00edch paliv z Ruska, je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pod\u00edlu obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f na produkci energie v EU na 45 % do roku 2030 (z p\u016fvodn\u00edch 40 % navr\u017een\u00fdch v roce 2021). A\u010dkoliv je nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f pro obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje na celoevropsk\u00e9 \u00farovni d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm krokem, k uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed pl\u00e1nu je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 implementovat ho do jednotliv\u00fdch n\u00e1rodn\u00edch legislativ, odstranit administrativn\u00ed bari\u00e9ry a pomoc\u00ed investic ho efektivn\u011b podpo\u0159it. <\/p>\n\n

Rozhodovat se bude na podzim  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n

K dosa\u017een\u00ed 55% sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f do roku 2030, ke kter\u00e9mu se EU zav\u00e1zala, je pot\u0159eba, aby se v EU zdvojn\u00e1sobilo tempo instalace sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f a z\u010dty\u0159n\u00e1sobila v\u00fdstavba v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn v porovn\u00e1n\u00edm s trendem posledn\u00edch let. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed c\u00edlu pod\u00edlu OZE na 45% lze pokr\u00fdt pr\u00e1v\u011b n\u00e1r\u016fstem v sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e9 energii bez navy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed bioenergie, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 negativn\u00ed dopad na biodiverzitu. Udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje (sol\u00e1ry a v\u011btrn\u00edky) jsou decentralizovan\u00fdm a zelen\u00fdm zdrojem energie a jsou \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm nejen energetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti, ale i klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny, proto\u017ee oba probl\u00e9my jsou navz\u00e1jem propojen\u00e9 a nestoj\u00ed v konfliktu proti sob\u011b, jak se n\u00e1m sna\u017e\u00ed tvrdit politick\u00e1 elita. Naopak je pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 nastavit podm\u00ednky proto, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 energetickou solidaritu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it i na distribuci energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a v obdob\u00ed p\u0159ebytku ji distribuovat mezi ty zem\u011b EU, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed tak dobr\u00e9 geografick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n\n

Pro dosa\u017een\u00ed klimatick\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f EU a odst\u0159ihnut\u00ed se od rusk\u00fdch fosiln\u00edch paliv je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby p\u0159ipravovan\u00e1 revize sm\u011brnice o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch RED III byla do konce tohoto roku schv\u00e1len\u00e1 a je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zv\u00fd\u0161ila c\u00edl pro instalaci obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, minim\u00e1ln\u011b na 45 %. Hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed o sm\u011brnici prob\u011bhne 12. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v Evropsk\u00e9m parlamentu. Potom bude prob\u00edhat tzv. trialog \u2013 vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mezi Parlamentem, Radou a Komis\u00ed o kone\u010dn\u00e9 podob\u011b sm\u011brnice. Pokud si Parlament odhlasuje nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed OZE na 45%, n\u00e1sleduje vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed s Radou EU, kter\u00e1 navrhuje pod\u00edl OZE jenom na 40%. \u010cesk\u00e1 republika by jako p\u0159edsednick\u00e1 zem\u011b Rady EU m\u011bla tuto debatu moderovat,  sama mezi velk\u00e9  podporovatele obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f nicm\u00e9n\u011b nepat\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

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Climate strike Praha (c) Greenpeace<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

 Rozvoji zelen\u00e9 energetiky br\u00e1n\u00ed byrokracie a nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 infrastruktura<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekami, kter\u00e9 br\u00e1n\u00ed instalaci obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, jsou slo\u017eit\u00e9 a zdlouhav\u00e9 povolovac\u00ed procesy, \u00fazemn\u00ed pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a napojen\u00ed do s\u00edt\u011b zkomplikovan\u00e9 vysokou cenou za p\u0159ipojen\u00ed obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a nedostatkem pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 infrastruktury. A to navzdory \u0161irok\u00e9mu pr\u00e1vn\u00edmu r\u00e1mci na evropsk\u00e9 \u00farovni. <\/p>\n\n

Povolovac\u00ed proces je zdaleka \u010dasov\u011b nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad instalace sol\u00e1rn\u00edho panelu v zem\u00edch EU v sou\u010dasnosti trv\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b 1 a\u017e 4,5 roku, u v\u011btrn\u00e9 turb\u00edny na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed se jedn\u00e1 o 3 a\u017e 9 let a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u011btrn\u00e9 turb\u00edny na mo\u0159i dokonce a\u017e 10 let. Zdlouhav\u00fdm procesem je rovn\u011b\u017e vytipov\u00e1n\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 lokality pro instalaci obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f v \u00fazemn\u00edm pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pl\u00e1n Komise RePower EU hovo\u0159\u00ed o tzv. „go to z\u00f3n\u00e1ch“, tedy oblastech v ka\u017ed\u00e9 zemi EU, kde bude povolovac\u00ed proces prob\u00edhat rychleji \u2013 maxim\u00e1ln\u011b rok. Proces vytipov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto lokalit je v\u0161ak \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd, proto\u017ee mus\u00ed vz\u00edt v \u00favahu mnoho faktor\u016f \u2013 od leteck\u00fdch tras ptactva a\u017e po chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 oblasti. RePowerEU projekty obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f ozna\u010duje jako „projekty spole\u010dn\u00e9ho ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu“, co\u017e tak\u00e9 zjednodu\u0161uje administrativn\u00ed postupy. V cel\u00e9m procesu je nevyhnuteln\u00e9 naj\u00edt kompromis mezi expanz\u00ed obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a po\u017eadavky na ochranu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed za \u00fa\u010dasti lok\u00e1ln\u00edch komunit. <\/p>\n\n

Za jednu z bari\u00e9r je tak\u00e9 ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed zelen\u00e9 energetiky ve\u0159ejnosti a celkov\u00fd nedostatek informac\u00ed o nich. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b posledn\u00ed pr\u016fzkum STEMu z tohoto roku ukazuje, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina \u010ce\u0161ek a \u010cech\u016f se stav\u00ed k obnoviteln\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm pozitivn\u011b a podporuje jejich zv\u00fd\u0161enou instalaci, v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b zejm\u00e9na kv\u016fli obav\u00e1m o energetickou bezpe\u010dnost.<\/p>\n\n

K uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed klimatick\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f chyb\u00ed v \u010cR politick\u00e1 v\u016fle<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

V \u010cesku je rozvoj obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f na jedn\u00e9 z nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed v EU. Dodnes v n\u00e1rodn\u00ed legislativ\u011b nen\u00ed implementov\u00e1na sm\u011brnice RED II z roku 2018, kter\u00e1 zjednodu\u0161uje podm\u00ednky pro instalaci obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f.. Podle studie \u00dastavu fyziky atmosf\u00e9ry Akademie v\u011bd z roku 2020 je v \u010cesku potenci\u00e1l vyu\u017eit\u00ed v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie a\u017e 28 % celkov\u00e9 spot\u0159eby elekt\u0159iny. Pokud bychom pln\u011b vyu\u017eili potenci\u00e1l sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie instalac\u00ed panel\u016f na st\u0159echy a fas\u00e1dy dom\u016f, dostaneme se podle studie spole\u010dnosti EG\u00da Brno na 27 % spot\u0159eby elekt\u0159iny. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm pil\u00ed\u0159em budouc\u00edho v\u00fdvoje energetiky jsou krom\u011b v\u011btrn\u00edk\u016f a sol\u00e1r\u016f tak\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed pro energetickou \u00fa\u010dinnost (\u00faspory energi\u00ed), o kter\u00fdch se bude tak\u00e9 rozhodovat v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed na hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed v EP.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdzkum ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed agentury OMG z p\u0159elomu b\u0159ezna a dubna 2022 odhalil, \u017ee nejv\u00edce lidmi preferovan\u00e9 reakce st\u00e1tu na energetickou krizi je mimo zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dod\u00e1vek zemn\u00edho plynu z jin\u00fdch zdroj\u016f p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pomoc se zateplov\u00e1n\u00edm dom\u016f a instalace sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f. \u010cesko m\u00e1 jako jedna z deseti \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed EU k dispozici finance z Moderniza\u010dn\u00edho fondu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e do roku 2030 m\u016f\u017ee \u010derpat a\u017e 193 milion\u016f eur. Za tuto \u010d\u00e1stku by se  pro p\u0159edstavu dalo postavit v\u00edce jak 80 v\u011btrn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren s pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem 2 MW. <\/p>\n\n

P\u0159echod na obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje je i d\u00edky progresivn\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 politike ekonomicky mo\u017en\u00fd. Ani technick\u00e1 realizace rozvoje nen\u00ed v\u00e1\u017enou p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou \u2013 95 % technologi\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch k napln\u011bn\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f je ji\u017e dostupn\u00fdch. P\u0159echod na \u010distou a obnovitelnou energii tak z\u00e1vis\u00ed pouze na politick\u00e9 v\u016fli. Jestli se najde pot\u0159ebn\u00ed politick\u00e1 podpora opat\u0159en\u00ed, p\u0159echod na \u010distou, obnovitelnou energii bude znamenat tak\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed popt\u00e1vky po energi\u00edch, ceny, glob\u00e1ln\u00edho oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed a energetickou bezpe\u010dnost.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Plynov\u00e1 krize, rostouc\u00ed ceny energi\u00ed a rusk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka v Ukrajin\u011b dostaly energetickou bezpe\u010dnost na vrcholnou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dku agendy Evropsk\u00e9 unie. V d\u016fsledku evropsk\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti na dovozu rusk\u00fdch fosiln\u00edch paliv se Evropsk\u00e1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":17446,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[25,26,20],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-17443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","tag-zmena-klimatu","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17443","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/72"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17443"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17443\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17466,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17443\/revisions\/17466"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17443"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=17443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}