{"id":17585,"date":"2022-09-24T13:14:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-24T12:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=17585"},"modified":"2023-12-05T10:17:26","modified_gmt":"2023-12-05T09:17:26","slug":"co-ovlivnuje-soucasne-ceny-energii-duvody-a-priciny-prehledne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/17585\/co-ovlivnuje-soucasne-ceny-energii-duvody-a-priciny-prehledne\/","title":{"rendered":"Co ovliv\u0148uje sou\u010dasn\u00e9 ceny energi\u00ed? D\u016fvody a p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny p\u0159ehledn\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

M\u00e1lokter\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk se dok\u00e1\u017ee vyznat v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 krizi. Co nebo kdo za vysokou cenu energie m\u016f\u017ee? Putinova v\u00e1lka, drah\u00e9 emisn\u00ed povolenky nebo snad Green Deal, jak se n\u00e1m sna\u017e\u00ed tvrdit n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed politici? D\u016fvod\u016f je v\u0161ak v\u00edce a probl\u00e9m je mnohem komplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se na prvn\u00ed pohled m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t. Jak\u00e9 jsou tedy hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny drah\u00fdch energi\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou je bez diskuz\u00ed drah\u00fd plyn<\/strong> a panika na trz\u00edch spojen\u00e1 s obavou, \u017ee plynu bude nedostatek. Omezen\u00ed dod\u00e1vek plynu z Ruska a odst\u00e1vky plynovod\u016f d\u011blaj\u00ed z plynu mocnou zbra\u0148 v rukou Rusk\u00e9 federace, kter\u00e1 vyd\u00edr\u00e1 Evropu a dovoluje j\u00ed platit si svou \u201cspeci\u00e1ln\u00ed vojenskou operaci\u201d na Ukrajin\u011b. Za tuto situaci si Evropa m\u016f\u017ee \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b sama svou roky budovanou z\u00e1vislost\u00ed na autoritativn\u00edm re\u017eimu. St\u00e1ty EU se nyn\u00ed tuto situaci sna\u017e\u00ed \u0159e\u0161it zastropov\u00e1n\u00edm cen, co\u017e v\u0161ak zp\u016fsobuje dal\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy cen na burz\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n

Probl\u00e9m je v\u0161ak skute\u010dn\u011b mnohem slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na spoust\u011b prom\u011bnn\u00fdch.  Situaci na trz\u00edch toti\u017e moc nehr\u00e1la do karet odst\u00e1vka jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren ve Francii<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 mohla zejm\u00e9na za rekordn\u00ed srpnov\u00e9 ceny elekt\u0159iny (v\u00edce ne\u017e 1000 eur za mWh). V r\u00e1mci regionu do kter\u00e9ho pat\u0159\u00ed i \u010cesko, je Francie d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm export\u00e9rem elekt\u0159iny. Letos v\u0161ak musela elekt\u0159inu naopak dov\u00e1\u017eet, co\u017e tla\u010dilo ceny nahoru i v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamnou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou je sucho v Evrop\u011b<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobilo n\u00edzk\u00fd v\u00fdkon vodn\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren a rovn\u011b\u017e zt\u011b\u017euje chlazen\u00ed uheln\u00fdch a jadern\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a nav\u00edc zt\u011b\u017euje dopravu uhl\u00ed na \u0159ek\u00e1ch. Podle evropsk\u00e9 slu\u017eby Copernicus Evropa od \u010dervna do srpna za\u017eila nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teploty od za\u010d\u00e1tku m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Leto\u0161n\u00ed vedra tedy p\u0159ekonala lo\u0148sk\u00fd rekord.<\/p>\n\n

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Zdroj: Shutterstock.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Panika na trz\u00edch dr\u017e\u00ed cenu elekt\u0159iny vysoko<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

V\u0161e se v\u0161\u00edm souvis\u00ed a my se dost\u00e1v\u00e1me do situace, kdy je kv\u016fli suchu a odst\u00e1vk\u00e1m francouzsk\u00fdch jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren m\u00e1lo elekt\u0159iny. Proto se mus\u00ed za\u010d\u00edt vyu\u017e\u00edvat t i zdroje, kter\u00e9 elekt\u0159inu vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017e<\/strong>. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm tedy paroplynov\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny. A zde se dost\u00e1v\u00e1me k prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u011b \u2013 drah\u00e9mu plynu. V situaci, kdy je plyn drah\u00fd a panika na trz\u00edch ho je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zdra\u017euje, v\u00fdroba elekt\u0159iny v paroplynov\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch je pak extr\u00e9mn\u011b drah\u00e1<\/strong>. V medi\u00e1ln\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed je \u010dasto sklo\u0148ov\u00e1n v\u00fdraz z\u00e1v\u011brn\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna, podle kter\u00e9ho se ur\u010duj\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e9 ceny elekt\u0159iny. Z\u00e1v\u011brn\u00fd zdroj je ten posledn\u00ed a tedy nejdra\u017e\u0161\u00ed zdroj, kter\u00fd je nutn\u00e9 spustit, aby se uspokojila popt\u00e1vka po elekt\u0159in\u011b.<\/strong> Cena elekt\u0159iny tak vesele m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed strm\u011b nahoru k rekordn\u00edm hodnot\u00e1m, z nich\u017e op\u011bt pad\u00e1, pokud se da\u0159\u00ed paniku uklidnit \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad obnoven\u00edm dod\u00e1vek plynu \u010di n\u00e1znakem evropsk\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed situace.<\/p>\n\n

Emisn\u00ed povolenky mohou za r\u016fst cen energi\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u011b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Velmi malou \u010d\u00e1st sou\u010dasn\u00fdch cen elekt\u0159iny tvo\u0159\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b emisn\u00ed povolenky<\/strong>, nicm\u00e9n\u011b s velk\u00fdmi v\u00fdkyvy cen elekt\u0159iny nemaj\u00ed nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho<\/strong>. Ani vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cena povolenek ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s minul\u00fdmi lety nem\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vliv \u2013 pokud by se emisn\u00ed povolenky zcela zru\u0161ily, cena elekt\u0159iny by poklesla pouze o jednotky procent a st\u00e1t by p\u0159i\u0161el o stovky miliard ze sv\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu z dr\u017eby povolenek. <\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u00e1lokter\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk se dok\u00e1\u017ee vyznat v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 krizi. Co nebo kdo za vysokou cenu energie m\u016f\u017ee? Putinova v\u00e1lka, drah\u00e9 emisn\u00ed povolenky nebo snad Green Deal, jak se n\u00e1m sna\u017e\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":74,"featured_media":17610,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[25,26,20],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-17585","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","tag-zmena-klimatu","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17585","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/74"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17585"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17585\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17614,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17585\/revisions\/17614"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17585"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=17585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}