{"id":17783,"date":"2022-10-27T20:56:20","date_gmt":"2022-10-27T19:56:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=17783"},"modified":"2024-12-30T10:14:46","modified_gmt":"2024-12-30T09:14:46","slug":"o-podobe-noveho-zakona-na-ochranu-svetovych-lesu-se-rozhoduje-prave-ted","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/17783\/o-podobe-noveho-zakona-na-ochranu-svetovych-lesu-se-rozhoduje-prave-ted\/","title":{"rendered":"O podob\u011b nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona na ochranu sv\u011btov\u00fdch les\u016f se rozhoduje pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

U\u017e letos na podzim m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt Evropsk\u00e1 unie hotov\u00fd z\u00e1kon proti sv\u011btov\u00e9mu odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd spot\u0159ebitel by tak ji\u017e brzy mohl m\u00edt jistotu, \u017ee kdy\u017e si kupuje produkty z rizikov\u00fdch komodit (s\u00f3ja, palmov\u00fd olej, kakao, k\u00e1va, hov\u011bz\u00ed maso), kv\u016fli kter\u00fdm se ni\u010d\u00ed lesy po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, on se na destrukci unik\u00e1tn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f nepod\u00edl\u00ed. Produkty nab\u00edzen\u00e9 v EU by toti\u017e podle nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona nem\u011bly m\u00edt na sv\u011bdom\u00ed ni\u010den\u00ed les\u016f a prales\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"
Protest proti odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed v Braz\u00edlii. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

O fin\u00e1ln\u00ed podob\u011b unijn\u00edho z\u00e1kona proti glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed se rozhoduje v t\u011bchto t\u00fddnech v takzvan\u00e9m <\/strong>trialogu, tedy t\u0159\u00edstrann\u00e9m jedn\u00e1n\u00ed mezi Evropsk\u00fdm parlamentem, Komis\u00ed a Radou, kter\u00e1 reprezentuje pozici \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

A pro\u010d je trialog tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd? Sta\u010d\u00ed srovn\u00e1n\u00ed 8 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch bod\u016f z\u00e1kona a jak se k nim stav\u00ed Parlament a Rada. V\u00fdsledek trialogu tak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt z\u00e1kon polovi\u010dat\u00fd nebo naopak velmi siln\u00fd a funk\u010dn\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

V praxi to funguje tak, \u017ee se hled\u00e1 shoda \u010di kompromis mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi pozicemi. N\u00e1zory jednotliv\u00fdch instituc\u00ed se li\u0161\u00ed v \u0159ad\u011b bod\u016f, kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro fungov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kona bude osm z nich. Ty budou i p\u0159edm\u011btem nejslo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem trialogu. O jak\u00e9 jde? <\/p>\n\n

    \n
  1. Definice ni\u010den\u00ed les\u016f a odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    Patrn\u011b nej\u017ehav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed t\u00e9ma b\u011bhem trialogu. Definice p\u0159ijat\u00e9 Radou<\/a> jsou velmi slab\u00e9 a ve sv\u00e9 podstat\u011b znamenaj\u00ed, \u017ee by se na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed net\u00fdkalo evropsk\u00fdch les\u016f. Neblah\u00fd v\u00fdvoj je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edlem skandin\u00e1vsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a Polska. Naopak Evropsk\u00fd parlament vr\u00e1til do hry<\/a> siln\u00e9 a funk\u010dn\u00ed definice.  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n

      \n
    1. Zahrnut\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch instituc\u00ed <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

      Evropsk\u00fd parlament po\u017eaduje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed syst\u00e9mu n\u00e1le\u017eit\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de i na evropsk\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed instituce, jejich\u017e investi\u010dn\u00ed portfolia by musela b\u00fdt prov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1na na vazby na projekty a spole\u010dnosti zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00ed ni\u010den\u00ed les\u016f. V p\u016fvodn\u00edm n\u00e1vrhu Komise toto chyb\u011blo a rada byla proti. N\u011bkter\u00e9 st\u00e1ty s t\u00edmto po\u017eadavkem ale nemaj\u00ed probl\u00e9m, p\u0159esto se po definic\u00edch jedn\u00e1 o druh\u00e9 nejslo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed t\u00e9ma pro nalezen\u00ed kompromisu. <\/p>\n\n

        \n
      1. Ochrana dal\u0161\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f vedle les\u016f <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

        Honba za produkc\u00ed rizikov\u00fdch komodit m\u00e1 negativn\u00ed dopady nejen na lesy, ale tak\u00e9 t\u0159eba na savany, mok\u0159ady ra\u0161elini\u0161t\u011b a dal\u0161\u00ed cenn\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my. \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce se chr\u00e1n\u00ed lesy, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed tlak je na ty okoln\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my. Parlament alespo\u0148 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il rozsah na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na ostatn\u00ed zalesn\u011bn\u00e9 plochy, Rada o dal\u0161\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9mech ml\u010d\u00ed a Komise chce revidovat zahrnut\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f pozd\u011bji.<\/p>\n\n

          \n
        1. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed seznamu rizikov\u00fdch komodit<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

          Evropsk\u00fd parlament roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il seznam rizikov\u00fdch komodit (ko\u017een\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky a k\u016f\u017ee, kuku\u0159ice, kau\u010duk, deriv\u00e1ty palmov\u00e9ho oleje), kter\u00fdch se na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed t\u00fdk\u00e1. Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee z\u00e1stupci dot\u010den\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed – ko\u017eed\u011bln\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, gum\u00e1rensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl \u010di u\u017eivatel\u00e9 deriv\u00e1t\u016f palmov\u00e9ho oleje budou pokra\u010dovat v tlaku a sna\u017eit se rozsah omezit.<\/p>\n\n

            \n
          1. Sledovatelnost \/ geolokace \/ due diligence <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

            Aby byl z\u00e1kon funk\u010dn\u00ed, je t\u0159eba zajistit plnou sledovatelnost v\u00fdrobk\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b geolokace, a n\u00e1sledn\u00fd proces due dilligence –  tedy syst\u00e9m n\u00e1le\u017eit\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de, kdy ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo bude uv\u00e1d\u011bt komodity na unijn\u00ed, a tud\u00ed\u017e i \u010desk\u00fd trh, bude muset zn\u00e1t jejich p\u016fvod a  kontrolovat, \u017ee b\u011bhem jejich produkce nedo\u0161lo ke k\u00e1cen\u00ed \u010di degradaci les\u016f a prales\u016f. Pozice Parlamentu v t\u00e9to oblasti je velmi dobr\u00e1, pozice Rady a Komise za n\u00ed zaost\u00e1vaj\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

              \n
            1. Rozhodn\u00e9 datum<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

              Parlament chce, aby se rozhodn\u00fdm datem, tedy rokem, od kter\u00e9ho se posuzuje a zkoum\u00e1, zda do\u0161lo k odlesn\u011bn\u00ed, byl rok 2019, naopak Rada chce rok 2021. Pozice Komise podporuje rok 2020.<\/p>\n\n

                \n
              1. \u00da\u010dinn\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed implementace<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

                Slabinou \u0159ady podobn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed je jejich ned\u016fsledn\u00e1 implementace a vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed schv\u00e1len\u00fdch pravidel. Zajistit \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho po\u010dtu kontrol v\u0161ech spole\u010dnost\u00ed bude dal\u0161\u00ed t\u0159ec\u00ed plochou mezi Radou a Parlamentem, proto\u017ee Rada po\u017eaduje \u0159ada \u00falev p\u0159i implementaci s od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 byrokratick\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee pro firmy.<\/p>\n\n

                  \n
                1. Lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

                  P\u0159i produkci rizikov\u00fdch komodit se nesm\u00ed br\u00e1t ohled pouze na ni\u010den\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody, ale tak\u00e9 na  mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b uzn\u00e1van\u00e1 lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, zejm\u00e9na pr\u00e1va p\u016fvodn\u00edch obyvatel a m\u00edstn\u00edch komunit, v\u010detn\u011b pr\u00e1va na svobodn\u00e9 rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a> – FPIC<\/a>. Parlament p\u0159ijal text, kter\u00fd ochranu lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v zahrnuje a kter\u00fd \u00fapln\u011b chyb\u011bl v p\u016fvodn\u00edm n\u00e1vrhu Komise.<\/p>\n\n

                  Trialog za\u010dal v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a podle pl\u00e1nu by m\u011bl skon\u010dit do prosince leto\u0161n\u00edho roku, aby EU mohla p\u0159edstavit tento z\u00e1kon v kanadsk\u00e9m Montrealu na biodiverzitn\u00ed konferenci COP 15 – celosv\u011btov\u00e9m setk\u00e1n\u00ed, kde se v\u0161echny st\u00e1ty sv\u011bta budou dohadovat o ochran\u011b sv\u011btov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody do roku 2030. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00fdsledky trialogu napov\u00ed, zda tam EU bude prezentovat pap\u00edrov\u00e9ho tygra, nebo skute\u010dn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro ochranu sv\u011btov\u00fdch les\u016f a ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  U\u017e letos na podzim m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt Evropsk\u00e1 unie hotov\u00fd z\u00e1kon proti sv\u011btov\u00e9mu odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd spot\u0159ebitel by tak ji\u017e brzy mohl m\u00edt jistotu, \u017ee kdy\u017e si kupuje produkty z rizikov\u00fdch komodit…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":17793,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[17],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-17783","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-lesy-pralesy","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17783","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17783"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17783\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18152,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17783\/revisions\/18152"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17793"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17783"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17783"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17783"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=17783"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}