{"id":17972,"date":"2022-12-01T17:29:57","date_gmt":"2022-12-01T16:29:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=17972"},"modified":"2022-12-01T17:30:01","modified_gmt":"2022-12-01T16:30:01","slug":"krize-je-sance-pro-zateplovani-a-obnovitelne-zdroje-vymenit-jednu-zavislost-za-druhou-se-nevyplati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/17972\/krize-je-sance-pro-zateplovani-a-obnovitelne-zdroje-vymenit-jednu-zavislost-za-druhou-se-nevyplati\/","title":{"rendered":"Krize je \u0161ance pro zateplov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje. Vym\u011bnit jednu z\u00e1vislost za druhou se nevyplat\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Evropsk\u00e1 unie se pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dod\u00e1vek plynu a\u00a0ropy obr\u00e1tila mimo jin\u00e9 na Bahrajn, Saudskou Ar\u00e1bii a\u00a0\u00c1zerbajd\u017e\u00e1n. Tyto zem\u011b ale poru\u0161uj\u00ed lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 principy svobody. Opravdu chceme podporovat dal\u0161\u00ed\u00a0nedemokratick\u00e9 re\u017eimy ve sv\u011bt\u011b?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Putinova agrese na Ukrajin\u011b odhalila nebezpe\u010d\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na rusk\u00fdch fosiln\u00edch palivech. N\u00e1sledn\u00e1 energetick\u00e1 krize zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 nejist\u00fdmi dod\u00e1vkami ropy a plynu akcelerovala p\u0159echod na zelen\u00e9 zdroje energie, ale tak\u00e9 donutila evropsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty hledat si jin\u00e9 zdroje fosiln\u00edch surovin, a to jak u na\u0161ich z\u00e1padn\u00edch spojenc\u016f na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b Atlantiku, tak u autokratick\u00fdch re\u017eim\u016f v Persk\u00e9m z\u00e1livu. M\u011bnit jednu z\u00e1vislost za jinou je v\u0161ak velmi rizikov\u00e9 a nemus\u00ed se n\u00e1m v\u016fbec vyplatit.<\/p>\n\n

Na klimatick\u00e9 konferenci COP27 se premi\u00e9r Petr Fiala mimo jin\u00e9 setkal s premi\u00e9rem a korunn\u00edm princem Bahrajnu S\u00e1lmanem. Jak uvedl na sv\u00e9m Twitteru<\/a>, hovo\u0159ili o rop\u011b, investic\u00edch a vztaz\u00edch Rady pro spolupr\u00e1ci arabsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v Z\u00e1livu a zem\u00ed EU. Premi\u00e9r dle sv\u00fdch slov pova\u017euje \u201eza d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 rozv\u00edjet vztahy se st\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m mohou pomoci zbavit se energetick\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti na Rusku.\u201c Pokud pomineme dopady spalov\u00e1n\u00ed fosiln\u00edch paliv na klima, probl\u00e9mem st\u00e1t\u016f persk\u00e9ho z\u00e1livu jsou zejm\u00e9na lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Vym\u011bnit z\u00e1vislost na nedemokratick\u00e9m re\u017eimu za z\u00e1vislost na zemi, kde je poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v na denn\u00edm po\u0159\u00e1dku a kde n\u011bco jako listina pr\u00e1v a svobod neznamen\u00e1 v\u016fbec nic, je velmi rizikov\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

Vl\u00e1da Bahrajnu se podle Amnesty International<\/a> v roce 2021 dopou\u0161t\u011bla \u200bnejen potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed svobody projevu a shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale i mu\u010den\u00ed. Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159itom pachatele krylo. Pracovn\u00edci z \u0159ad migrant\u016f museli \u010dasto sn\u00e1\u0161et to, \u017ee jim byla \u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdplaty ukradena. St\u00e1t sledov\u00e1n\u00edm sv\u00fdch obyvatel poru\u0161oval tak\u00e9 jejich pr\u00e1vo na soukrom\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Podobn\u00e1 situace panuje v Sa\u00fadsk\u00e9 Ar\u00e1bii. V zemi je opakovan\u011b poru\u0161ov\u00e1no pr\u00e1vo svobody projevu, sdru\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed. Trestn\u00ed soudy d\u00e1vaj\u00ed lidem vysok\u00e9 tresty odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody za jejich pr\u00e1ci v oblasti lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f. Mezi sv\u00e9voln\u011b zadr\u017een\u00fdmi, st\u00edhan\u00fdmi nebo odsouzen\u00fdmi jsou obr\u00e1nci lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, vl\u00e1dn\u00ed kritici a dal\u0161\u00ed politi\u010dt\u00ed aktivist\u00e9. N\u011bkter\u00e9 obr\u00e1nkyn\u011b lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v m\u011bly po podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9m propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z v\u011bzen\u00ed soudn\u011b ulo\u017een z\u00e1kaz cestov\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Situace nen\u00ed dobr\u00e1 ani v \u00c1zerbajd\u017e\u00e1nu, kter\u00fd ned\u00e1vno rozpoutal dal\u0161\u00ed kolo ozbrojen\u00e9ho konfliktu s Arm\u00e9ni\u00ed. I zde pokra\u010duje pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00edch kritik\u016f, zat\u00edmco m\u00edrov\u00e9 protesty byly n\u00e1siln\u011b rozehn\u00e1ny. Sv\u00e9voln\u00e1 omezen\u00ed nad\u00e1le ochromovala pr\u00e1ci obr\u00e1nc\u016f lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed. Rovn\u011b\u017e zde bylo siln\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159eno n\u00e1sil\u00ed a mu\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Je spr\u00e1vn\u00e9, \u017ee \u010cesk\u00e1 republika u\u017e nechce d\u00e1l nakupovat plyn z Ruska, a p\u0159isp\u00edvat tak Putinovi na v\u00e1lku. Ale opravdu chceme m\u00edsto toho podporovat jin\u00e9 agresivn\u00ed a nedemokratick\u00e9 re\u017eimy jinde ve sv\u011bt\u011b?<\/p>\n\n

Ropn\u00fd \u0161ok v 70. letech donutil z\u00e1padn\u00ed st\u00e1ty hledat nov\u00e9 zdroje<\/h3>\n\n

Z\u00e1vislost na nedemokratick\u00fdch a agresivn\u00edch re\u017eimech v\u0161ak nen\u00ed rizikov\u00e1 jen kv\u016fli poru\u0161ovan\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v tam\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi re\u017eimy. D\u016fvody jsou i ekonomick\u00e9. Kartel Organizace zem\u00ed vyv\u00e1\u017eej\u00edc\u00edch ropu (OPEC), do kter\u00e9ho se \u0159ad\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad pr\u00e1v\u011b Sa\u00fadsk\u00e1 Ar\u00e1bie, v roce 1973 vyvolal ropnou krizi. B\u011bhem arabsko-izraelsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky v roce 1973 uvalili arab\u0161t\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 OPEC embargo na Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jako odvetu za rozhodnut\u00ed USA znovu z\u00e1sobovat izraelskou arm\u00e1du. Arab\u0161t\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 OPEC tak\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ili embargo na dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 podporovaly Izrael, v\u010detn\u011b Nizozemska, Portugalska a Ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky. Embargo zak\u00e1zalo v\u00fdvoz ropy do c\u00edlov\u00fdch zem\u00ed a zavedlo omezen\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby ropy. N\u00e1stup embarga p\u0159isp\u011bl ke spir\u00e1le r\u016fstu cen ropy, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla glob\u00e1ln\u00ed negativn\u00ed d\u016fsledky.<\/p>\n\n

Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty \u010delily rostouc\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na spot\u0159eb\u011b ropy a zmen\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm se dom\u00e1c\u00edm z\u00e1sob\u00e1m. Ocitly se v\u00edce ne\u017e kdy p\u0159edt\u00edm z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na dov\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 rop\u011b a musely vyjednat ukon\u010den\u00ed embarga za drsn\u00fdch dom\u00e1c\u00edch ekonomick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, kter\u00e9 vedly ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jejich mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho vlivu. Nakonec OPEC sv\u00e9 embargo v b\u0159eznu 1974 zru\u0161il, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny ropy v\u0161ak nad\u00e1le p\u0159etrv\u00e1valy, co\u017e vedlo k vysok\u00e9 inflaci a donutilo z\u00e1padn\u00ed st\u00e1ty p\u0159ehodnotit sv\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 koncepce.<\/p>\n\n

Americk\u00fd plyn tak\u00e9 nen\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n

Spol\u00e9hat se na Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b plynu zase znamen\u00e1 podporovat problematick\u00e9 frakov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ni\u010d\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed v USA a tak\u00e9 prohlubuje klimatickou krizi. Podle anal\u00fdzy, kterou p\u0159inesl den\u00edk The Guardian<\/a>, uvoln\u00ed pl\u00e1novan\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eba fosiln\u00edch paliv na pevnin\u011b a ve vod\u00e1ch USA 140 miliard metrick\u00fdch tun sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f oh\u0159\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch planetu. Emise z t\u011bchto ropn\u00fdch a plynov\u00fdch projekt\u016f jsou tedy \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u0161ech ro\u010dn\u011b vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

Jedin\u00fdm skute\u010dn\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm, kter\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161\u00ed jak energetickou, tak klimatickou krizi, s jejich\u017e projevy se m\u016f\u017eeme setk\u00e1vat \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l \u010dast\u011bji, je p\u0159echod na obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje a energetick\u00e9 \u00faspory. \u010cist\u00e1 elekt\u0159ina z dom\u00e1c\u00edch obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f m\u016f\u017ee nahrazovat plyn ve v\u00fdrob\u011b elekt\u0159iny a tepla. Obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed elekt\u0159inu nejlevn\u011bji a tak\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed dom\u00e1cnostem, obc\u00edm \u010di firm\u00e1m pokr\u00fdt si \u010d\u00e1st vlastn\u00ed spot\u0159eby.<\/p>\n\n

Fialova vl\u00e1da by m\u011bla rad\u011bji ne\u017e rozv\u00edjet strategick\u00e9 vztahy s\u00a0nedemokratick\u00fdmi a\u00a0agresivn\u00edmi re\u017eimy p\u0159ipravit novou energetickou koncepci, kter\u00e1 bude c\u00edlit na celkovou dekarbonizaci energetiky, omezen\u00ed spot\u0159eby zemn\u00edho plynu a\u00a0maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00faspor energie a\u00a0obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie. M\u011bla by tak\u00e9 aktivn\u011b usilovat o\u00a0pos\u00edlen\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce v\u00a0energetice, kter\u00e1 by se t\u00fdkala nejen spole\u010dn\u00fdch n\u00e1kup\u016f a\u00a0distribuce plynu, ale hlavn\u011b transformace k\u00a0bezemisn\u00ed energetice. Rizikov\u00fd a\u00a0nejist\u00fd dovoz zemn\u00edho plynu a\u00a0ropy z\u00a0Ruska nebo arabsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f lze v\u00a0dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu nahradit dovozem \u010dist\u00e9 elekt\u0159iny \u010di syntetick\u00fdch plyn\u016f vyroben\u00fdch pomoc\u00ed obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie ze st\u00e1t\u016f EU.<\/p>\n\n

Text vy\u0161el na Seznam M\u00e9dium.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Evropsk\u00e1 unie se pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dod\u00e1vek plynu a\u00a0ropy obr\u00e1tila mimo jin\u00e9 na Bahrajn, Saudskou Ar\u00e1bii a\u00a0\u00c1zerbajd\u017e\u00e1n. Tyto zem\u011b ale poru\u0161uj\u00ed lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 principy svobody. Opravdu chceme podporovat dal\u0161\u00ed\u00a0nedemokratick\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":74,"featured_media":17675,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[25,26,20],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-17972","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","tag-zmena-klimatu","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/74"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17972"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17972\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17974,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17972\/revisions\/17974"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17675"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17972"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=17972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}