{"id":18395,"date":"2023-02-15T16:53:05","date_gmt":"2023-02-15T15:53:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=18395"},"modified":"2023-03-02T10:55:45","modified_gmt":"2023-03-02T09:55:45","slug":"co-je-desivejsi-nez-more-plne-zraloku-more-bez-nich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/18395\/co-je-desivejsi-nez-more-plne-zraloku-more-bez-nich\/","title":{"rendered":"Co je d\u011bsiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e mo\u0159e pln\u00e9 \u017eralok\u016f? Mo\u0159e bez nich!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u017dralok = zabij\u00e1k. Nejen film \u010celisti, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm m\u00e9dia, kter\u00e1 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed report\u00e1\u017ee o \u017eraloc\u00edch jen v souvislosti s \u00fatoky na \u010dlov\u011bka, vytvo\u0159ila toto stereotypn\u00ed spojen\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd fat\u00e1ln\u00ed atak, p\u0159esto\u017ee jich je ro\u010dn\u011b na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b asi jako prst\u016f na rukou, m\u00e1 n\u00e1le\u017eit\u00e9 medi\u00e1ln\u00ed pokryt\u00ed, ide\u00e1ln\u011b s p\u011bkn\u00fdm videem \u010di fotem, dopln\u011bn\u00e9 autentick\u00fdm koment\u00e1\u0159em sv\u011bdk\u016f i p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00edch ob\u011bt\u00ed. P\u0159itom se skoro v\u017edy jedn\u00e1 o trapn\u00fd omyl \u017eraloka, kter\u00fd si \u010dlov\u011bka spletl s n\u011bjak\u00fdm t\u00edm ploutvono\u017ecem.<\/p>\n\n

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Chci chr\u00e1nit \u017eraloky <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

Lid\u00e9 z nich maj\u00ed hr\u016fzu, p\u0159esto\u017ee pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee do v\u00e1s uhod\u00ed blesk, je t\u0159icetkr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e \u017ee na v\u00e1s v mo\u0159i za\u00fato\u010d\u00ed \u017eralok. Ve skute\u010dnosti by se \u017eraloci m\u011bli b\u00e1t n\u00e1s. \u010clov\u011bk z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b, nikoli omylem, ro\u010dn\u011b zmasakruje sto milion\u016f \u017eralok\u016f. V\u011bt\u0161in\u011b jen od\u0159\u00edzne ploutve na pol\u00e9vku a nech\u00e1 je pomalu utopit v mo\u0159i. Ale o tom se v bulv\u00e1ru nedo\u010dtete.<\/p>\n\n

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Velk\u00fd hedv\u00e1bn\u00fd \u017eralok je zbaven ploutv\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n na ryb\u00edm trhu v Negombu na Sr\u00ed Lance.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

P\u0159itom \u017eraloci se bez lid\u00ed v pohod\u011b obejdou. \u017dij\u00ed na Zemi o p\u00e1r stovek milion\u016f let d\u00e9le ne\u017e my a mohl by tak pro n\u011b platit Palack\u00e9ho parafr\u00e1zovan\u00fd cit\u00e1t: \u201eByli jsme zde p\u0159ed \u010dlov\u011bkem, budeme i po n\u011bm.\u201c M\u00e1 to v\u0161ak jeden h\u00e1\u010dek, tedy sp\u00ed\u0161e miliony h\u00e1\u010dk\u016f na dlouh\u00fdch \u0161\u0148\u016fr\u00e1ch, ur\u010den\u00fdch nap\u0159\u00edklad pro lov tu\u0148\u00e1k\u016f. Kv\u016fli nim ro\u010dn\u011b zahyne jako necht\u011bn\u00fd \u00falovek asi 30 milion\u016f \u017eralok\u016f. V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich kon\u010d\u00ed v mo\u0159i. Zbytek, tedy 70 %, zahyne kv\u016fli tradi\u010dn\u00ed asijsk\u00e9 pochoutce – pol\u00e9vce ze \u017eralo\u010d\u00edch ploutv\u00ed. Ty p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pouze 2 % t\u011bla \u017eraloka, zbytek je vyhozen. A\u010dkoliv jde o asijskou pochoutku, probl\u00e9m se t\u00fdk\u00e1 i Evropy. <\/p>\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee je v EU zak\u00e1z\u00e1no odstra\u0148ovat ploutve na palub\u011b ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch lod\u00ed i ve vod\u00e1ch EU a \u017eraloci mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vykl\u00e1d\u00e1ni s ploutvemi neodd\u011blen\u00fdmi od t\u011bl, je EU jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdvozc\u016f ploutv\u00ed a v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm tranzitn\u00edm uzlem pro celosv\u011btov\u00fd obchod s ploutvemi.<\/p>\n\n

EU je jedn\u00edm z \u010deln\u00edch subjekt\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch \u017eraloky a vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee inspekce na mo\u0159i jsou nedostate\u010dn\u00e9, ploutve jsou st\u00e1le nez\u00e1konn\u011b ponech\u00e1v\u00e1ny na palub\u011b a p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1ny nebo vykl\u00e1d\u00e1ny v EU. To je t\u0159eba zm\u011bnit. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed d\u00edky v\u00edce ne\u017e milionu ob\u010dan\u016f EU, kte\u0159\u00ed v r\u00e1mci evropsk\u00e9 ob\u010dansk\u00e9 iniciativy \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed, aby se omezil obchod se \u017eralo\u010d\u00edmi ploutvemi, bude ji\u017e na ja\u0159e Komise tuto iniciativu \u0159e\u0161it a v\u00fdsledkem snad bude na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s ploutvemi zamez\u00ed.     <\/p>\n\n

Ve sv\u011btle t\u011bchto skute\u010dnost\u00ed nen\u00ed tud\u00ed\u017e p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, \u017ee t\u0159etina z v\u00edce ne\u017e 400 druh\u016f \u017eralok\u016f je ohro\u017eena. N\u011bkter\u00fdch druh\u016f zb\u00fdv\u00e1 jen pouh\u00fdch 5 % z p\u016fvodn\u00ed populace a ocitaj\u00ed se na pokraji vyhynut\u00ed. A situace se sp\u00ed\u0161e zhor\u0161uje, proto\u017ee \u017eraloci pohlavn\u011b dosp\u00edvaj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b pozd\u011b a pomalu rostou, tud\u00ed\u017e se jejich populace nesta\u010d\u00ed obnovovat.<\/p>\n\n

Oce\u00e1ny bez \u017eralok\u016f by zkolabovaly. \u017draloci zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed jejich stabilitu a udr\u017euj\u00ed ostatn\u00ed populace ryb zdrav\u00e9. Jsou na vrcholu potravn\u00edho \u0159et\u011bzce a maj\u00ed tak kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v mo\u0159sk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Jejich vymizen\u00ed by m\u011blo fat\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1sledky pro cel\u00fd ekosyst\u00e9m a poc\u00edtili by ho i lid\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

Ale nen\u00ed to jen nadm\u011brn\u00fd a destruktivn\u00ed rybolov, co \u017eraloky ohro\u017euje. \u010clov\u011bk z\u00e1rove\u0148 z\u00e1sadn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje ekosyst\u00e9my, ve kter\u00fdch \u017eij\u00ed, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00fdstavby nebo t\u011b\u017eby miner\u00e1l\u016f. A k tomu v\u0161emu je\u0161t\u011b klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed a vlastnosti mo\u0159sk\u00e9 vody. Osud \u017eralok\u016f tak nen\u00ed moc r\u016f\u017eov\u00fd. Dobrou zpr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee i vy v\u0161ichni, p\u0159esto\u017ee t\u0159eba bydl\u00edte stovky kilometr\u016f od nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edho domova \u017eralok\u016f – St\u0159edozemn\u00edho mo\u0159e – m\u016f\u017eete pro jejich z\u00e1chranu n\u011bco ud\u011blat. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"
\u017dralok spanil\u00fd<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

U\u017e brzy se rozhodne o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b mo\u0159sk\u00fdch rezervac\u00ed na voln\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00edch, tedy mo\u0159\u00edch, kter\u00e9 nespravuj\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, ale pat\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1m v\u0161em a od 20. \u00fanora se bude na p\u016fd\u011b OSN rozhodovat o jejich osudu. <\/p>\n\n

U\u017e je to skoro 17 let, kdy Greenpeace vydalo spole\u010dn\u011b s profesorem Callumem Robertsem a jeho t\u00fdmem z Univerzity v Yorku publikaci Roadmap to Recovery (Cesta k obnov\u011b). Pr\u016flomov\u00fd n\u00e1vrh, kter\u00fd uk\u00e1zal, jak je mo\u017en\u00e9 za pou\u017eit\u00ed sofistikovan\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch ekologick\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed a nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch dat navrhnout s\u00ed\u0165 mo\u0159sk\u00fdch rezervac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by chr\u00e1nily celou \u0161k\u00e1lu mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho \u017eivota a stanovi\u0161\u0165 za hranicemi v\u00fdsostn\u00fdch vod jednotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Koncept m\u00e1 \u0161irokou podporu mo\u0159sk\u00fdch biolog\u016f, ochran\u00e1\u0159\u016f i drobn\u00fdch ryb\u00e1\u0159\u016f a \u0159ady st\u00e1t\u016f sv\u011bta. Abychom se p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eili realizaci, je nutn\u00e9, aby st\u00e1ty sv\u011bta v\u010detn\u011b \u010ceska schv\u00e1lily oce\u00e1nskou \u00famluvu a za\u010dali svoje sliby p\u0159etavovat do praxe.<\/p>\n\n

Pomozte n\u00e1m vytvo\u0159it s\u00ed\u0165 mo\u0159sk\u00fdch rezervac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou obdobou n\u00e1rodn\u00edch park\u016f na sou\u0161i.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\n
Podepsat v\u00fdzvu<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u017dralok = zabij\u00e1k. Nejen film \u010celisti, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm m\u00e9dia, kter\u00e1 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed report\u00e1\u017ee o \u017eraloc\u00edch jen v souvislosti s \u00fatoky na \u010dlov\u011bka, vytvo\u0159ila toto stereotypn\u00ed spojen\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd fat\u00e1ln\u00ed atak, p\u0159esto\u017ee jich…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":18400,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[18],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-18395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-oceany","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18395","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18395"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18395\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18477,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18395\/revisions\/18477"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18395"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=18395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}