{"id":18425,"date":"2023-02-19T14:02:43","date_gmt":"2023-02-19T13:02:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=18425"},"modified":"2023-02-20T14:03:39","modified_gmt":"2023-02-20T13:03:39","slug":"zakaz-komercniho-lovu-nestaci-a-velryby-jsou-stale-v-ohrozeni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/18425\/zakaz-komercniho-lovu-nestaci-a-velryby-jsou-stale-v-ohrozeni\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1kaz komer\u010dn\u00edho lovu nesta\u010d\u00ed a velryby jsou st\u00e1le v ohro\u017een\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Velryby jsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata na planet\u011b, ale v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 jsou i z mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f. Tito mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed ob\u0159i pat\u0159\u00ed mezi savce a nov\u00e9 studie je p\u0159i\u0159adili pod \u0159\u00e1d sudokopytn\u00edk\u016f, kam spadaj\u00ed hro\u0161i, bizoni \u010di \u017eirafy, proto\u017ee jsou si evolu\u010dn\u011b velmi bl\u00edzc\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Velryby jsou vysoce inteligentn\u00ed a maj\u00ed slo\u017eitou soci\u00e1ln\u00ed strukturu. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 je jejich komplikovan\u00e1 komunikace, nap\u0159\u00edklad samci keporkak\u016f zp\u00edvaj\u00ed v dob\u011b p\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1dhern\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b, kter\u00e9 se rozl\u00e9haj\u00ed kilometry daleko. V\u011bt\u0161ina velryb \u017eije dlouh\u00fd \u017eivot p\u0159i kter\u00e9m se u\u010d\u00ed, vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed rodinu, p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed si tradice a b\u011bhem toho tak\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed udr\u017eovat zdrav\u00e9 oce\u00e1ny. <\/p>\n\n

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P\u0159idej se k ochr\u00e1nc\u016fm velryb<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee jsou velryby \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9, jejich populace se zejm\u00e9na za posledn\u00edch 100 let drasticky sn\u00ed\u017eily.. Velryby se ji\u017e v minulosti lovily pro olej, maso \u010di kosti. Ale v pr\u016fb\u011bhu 20. stolet\u00ed se komer\u010dn\u00ed lov velryb rozrostl do ob\u0159\u00edch rozm\u011br\u016f. Mnoh\u00e9 populace velryb se dostaly na pokraj kolapsu a n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy jsou kriticky ohro\u017een\u00e9 i idnes, 40 let od vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed moratoria na jejich lov. <\/p>\n\n

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Od 30. let se po\u010dty uloven\u00fdch velryb ud\u00e1valy v des\u00edtk\u00e1ch tis\u00edc a toto mno\u017estv\u00ed se st\u00e1le zvy\u0161ovalo. Mnoh\u00e9 velryb\u00ed populace za\u010daly od 60. let kolabovat. Organizace Greenpeace odstartovala v polovin\u011b 70. let kampa\u0148 za z\u00e1chranu velryb a za z\u00e1kaz jejich komer\u010dn\u00edho lovu. Pomoc\u00ed protest\u016f a p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch nen\u00e1siln\u00fdch akc\u00ed se za\u010dala m\u011bnit budoucnost velryb. Aktivist\u00e9 Greenpeace zve\u0159ejnili fotografie a videoz\u00e1b\u011bry z brut\u00e1ln\u00edho lovu, kter\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dily desetitis\u00edce lid\u00ed, aby se spojili proti zbyte\u010dn\u00e9mu a krvav\u00e9mu lovu velryb. <\/p>\n\n

Po dlouh\u00e9 snaze za\u017eily velryby s Greenpeace velk\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed. V roce 1986 za\u010dalo platit moratorium zakazuj\u00edc\u00ed komer\u010dn\u00ed lov velryb. To pomohlo n\u011bkter\u00fdm druh\u016fm vzpamatovat se z horor\u016f p\u0159ede\u0161l\u00fdch dek\u00e1d. Nap\u0159\u00edklad populace keporkak\u016f, kter\u00fdch bylo v oce\u00e1nu po masakrech pouze 450 se zvl\u00e1dly zotavit a nyn\u00ed je na planet\u011b kolem 25 tis\u00edc jedinc\u016f. Z\u00e1kaz komer\u010dn\u00edho lovu ale bohu\u017eel neznamenal \u00fapln\u00fd konec nesmysln\u00e9ho zab\u00edjen\u00ed velryb.  Japonsko, Norsko a Island z\u00e1kaz ignoruj\u00ed a lov velryb st\u00e1le pokra\u010duje, by\u0165 jen ve velmi omezen\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e. <\/p>\n\n

Velryby nyn\u00ed ov\u0161em musej\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd den \u010delit dal\u0161\u00edm, nov\u00fdm hrozb\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 pro n\u011b lid\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed. Jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f jsou ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b, do kter\u00fdch se velryby zamot\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00edmi hrozbami jsou chemick\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed oce\u00e1n\u016f plasty, sr\u00e1\u017eky s lod\u011bmi a nedostatek j\u00eddla kv\u016fli p\u0159ehnan\u00e9mu rybolovu. Tam ale seznam st\u00e1le nekon\u010d\u00ed, glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed naru\u0161uje potravn\u00ed \u0159et\u011bzce v oce\u00e1nu a zmen\u0161uje vhodn\u00e1 prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro \u017eivot velryb. Velmi negativn\u00ed dopad na velryby m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 seismick\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho dna kv\u016fli t\u011b\u017eb\u011b ropy.<\/p>\n\n

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Pro\u010d by n\u00e1s to m\u011blo zaj\u00edmat? Pro\u010d bychom se soust\u0159edili obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 na ochranu velryb? Mimo to, \u017ee jsou velryby \u00fa\u017easn\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata, mohou n\u00e1m pomoci proti glob\u00e1ln\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 krizi. Tato obrovsk\u00e1 a n\u00e1dhern\u00e1 stvo\u0159en\u00ed hraj\u00ed na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed roli, ne\u017e jsme si je\u0161t\u011b doned\u00e1vna mysleli. Velryby jsou podle v\u011bdc\u016f\u201cin\u017een\u00fd\u0159i ekosyst\u00e9mu\u201d, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee upravuj\u00ed a udr\u017euj\u00ed zdrav\u00ed cel\u00e9ho ekosyst\u00e9mu, co\u017e je v jejich p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b cel\u00fd oce\u00e1n. <\/p>\n\n

A\u010d se to m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9, proti zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu n\u00e1m velryby mohou pomoci sv\u00fdmi hov\u00ednky. Velryb\u00ed exkrementy jsou toti\u017e velice bohat\u00e9 na d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 spousta organism\u016f pot\u0159ebuje ke sv\u00e9mu p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Tyto \u017eiviny vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mikroskopick\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0159asy, tzv. fytoplankton. D\u00edky fotosynt\u00e9ze vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed fytoplankton p\u0159es polovinu kysl\u00edku na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b a nav\u00edc odstra\u0148uje z atmosf\u00e9ry v\u00edce ne\u017e 40 % oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho<\/p>\n\n

T\u00edm ale pomoc velryb nekon\u010d\u00ed. Proto\u017ee se velryby do\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed velmi vysok\u00e9ho v\u011bku a dor\u016fstaj\u00ed do ob\u0159\u00edch rozm\u011br\u016f, absorbuj\u00ed do sv\u00e9ho t\u011bla velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed uhl\u00edku. Kdy\u017e velryba um\u0159e, spadne t\u011blo na dno oce\u00e1nu, kde ulo\u017e\u00ed kolem 33 tun uhl\u00edku a nav\u00edc jejich mrtv\u00e1 t\u011bla vytvo\u0159\u00ed cel\u00fd ekosyst\u00e9m pro organismy \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed na mo\u0159sk\u00e9m dn\u011b. <\/p>\n\n

A jak m\u016f\u017eeme tyto hrdiny klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny chr\u00e1nit? Velryby jsou velk\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata a pro sv\u016fj \u017eivot pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed klid, prostor a dostatek j\u00eddla. V\u0161echny jejich pot\u0159eby mohou vy\u0159e\u0161it oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 rezervace. V nich by nebyly chr\u00e1n\u011bny pouze velryby, ale i jejich potrava, kterou jim ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 flotily kradou po tun\u00e1ch ka\u017ed\u00fd den. M\u00e9n\u011b lod\u00ed v rezervac\u00edch by tak\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eilo ruch, kter\u00fd je pro velryby spol\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed se na sv\u016fj sluch tak\u00e9 velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m. <\/p>\n\n

Pokud se populace velryby s na\u0161\u00ed pomoc\u00ed zvl\u00e1dnou zotavit a vr\u00e1tit se na p\u016fvodn\u00ed po\u010dty, budeme m\u00edt skv\u011bl\u00e9ho spojence v na\u0161em \u00fasil\u00ed zastavit zm\u011bny klimatu. Nav\u00edc uchov\u00e1me tyto neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata pro dal\u0161\u00ed generace. Tak zkuste dnes ud\u011blat jeden krok pro zdrav\u00e9 oce\u00e1ny, velryby a zdravou planetu a podepi\u0161te na\u0161i v\u00fdzvu na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch rezervac\u00ed na 30 % rozlohy sv\u011btov\u00fdch voln\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00ed, a\u0165 m\u016f\u017eeme spole\u010dn\u011b s velrybami oslavit dal\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

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Chci chr\u00e1nit oce\u00e1ny<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Velryby jsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata na planet\u011b, ale v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 jsou i z mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f. Tito mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed ob\u0159i pat\u0159\u00ed mezi savce a nov\u00e9 studie je p\u0159i\u0159adili pod \u0159\u00e1d sudokopytn\u00edk\u016f, kam spadaj\u00ed hro\u0161i, bizoni \u010di \u017eirafy, proto\u017ee jsou si evolu\u010dn\u011b velmi bl\u00edzc\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":55,"featured_media":18426,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[18],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-18425","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-oceany","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18425","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/55"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18425"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18425\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18430,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18425\/revisions\/18430"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18426"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18425"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18425"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18425"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=18425"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}