{"id":18588,"date":"2023-03-21T14:25:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-21T13:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=18588"},"modified":"2023-03-22T14:29:04","modified_gmt":"2023-03-22T13:29:04","slug":"vedci-vydali-navod-jak-zachranit-planetu-politici-musi-pridat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/18588\/vedci-vydali-navod-jak-zachranit-planetu-politici-musi-pridat\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u011bdci vydali n\u00e1vod jak zachr\u00e1nit planetu. Politici mus\u00ed p\u0159idat"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Zm\u011bna klimatu zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bkem je podle v\u011bdc\u016f roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1, rychl\u00e1 a\u00a0st\u00e1le intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, a\u00a0to s\u00a0d\u016fsledky a\u00a0riziky, kter\u00e9 jsou mnohem z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo. Klimatickou kriz\u00ed jsou nejv\u00edce ohro\u017eeni ti, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou za zm\u011bnu klimatu nejm\u00e9n\u011b zodpov\u011bdn\u00ed. A\u00a0je nadm\u00edru jasn\u00e9, \u017ee pokud neud\u011bl\u00e1me nic a\u00a0nep\u0159ijmeme nutn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, situace se bude jen zhor\u0161ovat.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"
Gl\u00f3bus na klimatick\u00e9 konferenci v Glasgow. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

V\u011bdeck\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va Mezivl\u00e1dn\u00edho panelu OSN pro zm\u011bnu klimatu (IPCC) vych\u00e1z\u00ed v prav\u00fd \u010das. Pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f na evropsk\u00e9 \u00farovni jednotliv\u00e9 zem\u011b reviduj\u00ed sv\u00e9 energeticko-klimatick\u00e9 c\u00edle tak, aby do roku 2030 dos\u00e1hly sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f o 55 %. V \u010cesku se nav\u00edc tento rok p\u0159ipravuje revize St\u00e1tn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 koncepce a Politiky ochrany klimatu. Proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby p\u0159\u00edprava t\u011bchto dokument\u016f reflektovala pr\u00e1v\u011b zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed a pl\u00e1ny byly dostate\u010dn\u011b ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed. Pokud maj\u00ed odpov\u00eddat p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9 strategick\u00e9 dokumenty v\u011bdeck\u00fdm z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm, mus\u00ed jasn\u011b stanovit konec uhl\u00ed do roku 2033. Ostatn\u011b, je to uvedeno i v programov\u00e9m prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed vl\u00e1dy. Navrhovan\u00e9 roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby uhl\u00ed, jak se nyn\u00ed d\u011bje v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dolu B\u00edlina, je v kontextu vyd\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy IPCC doslova sm\u011b\u0161n\u00e9. \u0158e\u0161en\u00edm, na kter\u00e9 bychom se v \u010cesku a v Evrop\u011b m\u011bli soust\u0159edit, je maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed rozvoj obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a energetick\u00fdch \u00faspor.<\/p>\n\n

Kdy\u017e nic neud\u011bl\u00e1me, extr\u00e9my budou \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Zm\u011bna klimatu zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bkem nyn\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje extr\u00e9mn\u00ed projevy po\u010das\u00ed a klimatu ve v\u0161ech oblastech sv\u011bta. Dopady a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty a \u0161kody na p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b a lidech jsou rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9. \u00da\u010dinky na ekosyst\u00e9my se projevily d\u0159\u00edve, jsou rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed a maj\u00ed dalekos\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed d\u016fsledky, ne\u017e se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo. Polovina v\u0161ech \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch druh\u016f je ji\u017e v pohybu a migruje, proto\u017ee zm\u011bna klimatu ovliv\u0148uje jejich \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

I v\u011bdeck\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o vlivu klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny na extr\u00e9mn\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed jsou st\u00e1le jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. S r\u016fstem pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed teploty bude extr\u00e9mn\u00edch jev\u016f, jako jsou vlny veder, p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00e9 de\u0161t\u011b, sucha a tropick\u00e9 cykl\u00f3ny, p\u0159ib\u00fdvat.<\/p>\n\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplen\u00ed pohybuje kolem +1,1 \u00b0C a sm\u011b\u0159uje ke +3 \u00b0C. (Jen pro p\u0159edstavu: pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 teplota \u010cR roste p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2\u00d7 rychleji, ne\u017e glob\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v \u010desk\u00e9 krajin\u011b ji\u017e do\u0161lo k oteplen\u00ed o 2 \u00b0C.) O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee jedine\u010dn\u00e9 a ohro\u017een\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my budou ji\u017e v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti p\u0159i teplot\u011b 1,2 \u00b0C vysoce ohro\u017eeny v d\u016fsledku masov\u00e9ho \u00fahynu strom\u016f, b\u011blen\u00ed kor\u00e1lov\u00fdch \u00fates\u016f, velk\u00e9ho \u00fabytku druh\u016f z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na mo\u0159sk\u00e9m ledu a masov\u00e9ho \u00fahynu v d\u016fsledku vln veder. Ji\u017e p\u0159i teplot\u011b 1,5 \u00b0C bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b a\u017e 14 % hodnocen\u00fdch druh\u016f v suchozemsk\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mech \u010delit velmi vysok\u00e9mu riziku vyhynut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Dosa\u017een\u00ed 1,5 \u00b0C p\u0159inese \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00ed teploty, extr\u00e9mn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky a s nimi spojen\u00e9 z\u00e1plavy, tropick\u00e9 cykl\u00f3ny, lesn\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry a extr\u00e9mn\u00ed v\u00fdkyvy mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hladiny. P\u0159i oteplen\u00ed o p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1,9 \u00b0C by polovina lidsk\u00e9 populace mohla b\u00fdt do roku 2100 vystavena \u017eivotu ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00edm klimatick\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 by vznikly v d\u016fsledku kombinovan\u00fdch dopad\u016f extr\u00e9mn\u00edch veder a vlhkosti. P\u0159i trval\u00e9m oteplen\u00ed na \u00farove\u0148 2 \u00b0C a\u017e 3 \u00b0C dojde k t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u00e9 a nevratn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b gr\u00f3nsk\u00e9ho a z\u00e1padoantarktick\u00e9ho ledovce. Dopady r\u016fstu pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 teploty nav\u00edc nerostou line\u00e1rn\u011b. Rozd\u00edl mezi +1,5 \u00b0C a +2 \u00b0C nen\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 podstat\u011b jen 0,5 \u00b0C, rozd\u00edl v dopadech je minim\u00e1ln\u011b dvojn\u00e1sobn\u011b extr\u00e9mn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Schytaj\u00ed to ti, co krizi nezp\u016fsobili<\/h2>\n\n

Nejv\u00edce jsou bohu\u017eel posti\u017eeny zraniteln\u00e9 komunity, kter\u00e9 v minulosti p\u0159isp\u00edvaly ke klimatick\u00e9 krizi nejm\u00e9n\u011b. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina sv\u011btov\u00e9 populace (3,3-3,6 miliardy lid\u00ed) \u017eije v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u016f\u010di zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu velmi citliv\u00e9. V letech 2010-2020 byla \u00famrtnost lid\u00ed v regionech, kter\u00e9 jsou na klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed 15kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s regiony, kter\u00e9 prozat\u00edm nejsou tak ohro\u017eeny. 10 % nejbohat\u0161\u00edch dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee za 45 % celosv\u011btov\u00fdch emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, pokud porovn\u00e1v\u00e1me spot\u0159ebu dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed. Bohat\u00e9 zem\u011b severu p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed nejv\u00edce k r\u016fstu pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed teploty, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dopady ale postihnou zem\u011b u rovn\u00edku a na glob\u00e1ln\u00edm jihu.<\/p>\n\n

\u0158e\u0161en\u00ed m\u00e1me, pot\u0159ebujeme ale za\u010d\u00edt<\/h2>\n\n

I vydan\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va IPCC jasn\u011b dokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed existuji a m\u00e1me je k dispozici. Chyb\u00ed pouze v\u016fle na politick\u00e9 \u00farovni. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednos m\u00e1sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e1 energie, ochrana a obnova les\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f, potravinov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my \u0161etrn\u00e9 ke klimatu a energetick\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost v mnoha podob\u00e1ch. Pokud p\u0159ijmeme ur\u010dit\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed na stran\u011b popt\u00e1vky, m\u016f\u017eeme do roku 2050 sn\u00ed\u017eit glob\u00e1ln\u00ed emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f o 40-70 % ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i. Mus\u00edme jen zm\u011bnit zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me technologie a zdroje k uspokojen\u00ed na\u0161ich pot\u0159eb v oblasti potravin, p\u0159\u00edst\u0159e\u0161\u00ed, mobility a v\u00fdrobk\u016f. .<\/p>\n\n

Vstoupili jsme do kritick\u00e9ho desetilet\u00ed, b\u011bhem n\u011bho\u017e mus\u00edme sn\u00ed\u017eit celosv\u011btov\u00e9 emise t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 o polovinu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zajistit potravinovou bezpe\u010dnost a chr\u00e1nit a obnovovat p\u0159\u00edrodu. K velk\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m, k nim\u017e do\u0161lo od p\u0159edchoz\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed, pat\u0159\u00ed pr\u016flom v oblasti sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie, kter\u00e9 nyn\u00ed dosahuj\u00ed cenov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b stejn\u00e9 nebo ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e fosiln\u00ed paliva a d\u00edky nim je lidstvo p\u0159ipraveno dekarbonizovat r\u016fznorod\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm elektrifikace. Tento v\u00fdvoj prob\u00edh\u00e1 mnohem rychleji, ne\u017e odborn\u00edci p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dali a ne\u017e bylo modelov\u00e1no v p\u0159edchoz\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00edch zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed dopad\u016f. To m\u011bn\u00ed pravidla hry.<\/p>\n\n

Dobr\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va na konec: st\u00e1le to m\u016f\u017eeme zvl\u00e1dnout<\/h2>\n\n

St\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme splnit c\u00edl Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 dohody omezit oteplen\u00ed na 1,5\u00b0C a udr\u017eet ho pod 2\u00b0C. \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed m\u00e1me a do roku 2030 m\u016f\u017eeme sn\u00ed\u017eit glob\u00e1ln\u00ed emise o polovinu a dos\u00e1hnout \u010dist\u00e9 nuly. Pro dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, zda se poda\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit emise v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch osmi letech. V\u0161echny sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edle Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 dohody vy\u017eaduj\u00ed rychl\u00fd a v\u00fdrazn\u00fd pokles emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f u\u017e p\u0159ed rokem 2030. M\u00e1me-li n\u00e1r\u016fst pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 glob\u00e1ln\u00ed teploty zastavit na hranici 1,5 \u00b0C, mus\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed emise CO2 do roku 2030 klesnout o 48 % a emise metanu o t\u0159etinu. Zpr\u00e1va hovo\u0159\u00ed jasn\u011b \u2013 je nutn\u00e9 rychle opustit fosiln\u00ed paliva, co\u017e bude vy\u017eadovat transformaci v\u0161ech odv\u011btv\u00ed, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo nevratn\u00fdm ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti k realizaci rozvoje odoln\u00e9ho v\u016f\u010di klimatu se rychle zu\u017euj\u00ed. Abychom dos\u00e1hli Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 dohody a dal\u0161\u00edch c\u00edl\u016f trvale udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho rozvoje, mus\u00edme myslet nad r\u00e1mec jednotliv\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, odv\u011btv\u00ed a akt\u00e9r\u016f a p\u0159ijmout holistick\u00e9, inkluzivn\u00ed a transforma\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy, kter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed jak zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak p\u0159izp\u016fsobov\u00e1n\u00ed se. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed jsou opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 chr\u00e1n\u00ed a obnovuj\u00ed na\u0161i biologickou rozmanitost. T\u00edm, \u017ee se star\u00e1me o p\u0159\u00edrodu, se star\u00e1me i o sebe. Podle IPCC z\u00e1vis\u00ed zachov\u00e1n\u00ed odolnosti biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti v glob\u00e1ln\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku na \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 a spravedliv\u00e9 ochran\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 30 a\u017e 50 % pozemsk\u00fdch, sladkovodn\u00edch a oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed Zem\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

V\u011bdci dodali sv\u016fj n\u00e1vod pro p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed je na\u0161\u00edm \u00fakolem zajistit, aby se v\u011bdeck\u00fdmi poznatky \u0159\u00eddili vl\u00e1dy, podniky, investo\u0159i a\u00a0ob\u010dan\u00e9. Na\u0161e d\u011bti, vnou\u010data a\u00a0mnoz\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed po nich se na n\u00e1s budou d\u00edvat zp\u011btn\u011b. Budou c\u00edtit vd\u011b\u010dnost za to, co jsme ud\u011blali? Nebo sp\u00ed\u0161 vztek a\u00a0l\u00edtost kv\u016fli tomu, co jsme neud\u011blali?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zm\u011bna klimatu zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bkem je podle v\u011bdc\u016f roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1, rychl\u00e1 a\u00a0st\u00e1le intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, a\u00a0to s\u00a0d\u016fsledky a\u00a0riziky, kter\u00e9 jsou mnohem z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo. Klimatickou kriz\u00ed jsou nejv\u00edce ohro\u017eeni ti, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou za…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":74,"featured_media":18589,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[20,26,25],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-18588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-zmena-klimatu","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18588","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/74"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18588"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18588\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18590,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18588\/revisions\/18590"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18589"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18588"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18588"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18588"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=18588"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}