Dnes brzy r\u00e1no evrop\u0161t\u00ed z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci dosp\u011bli k neuspokojiv\u00e9 dohod\u011b o Sm\u011brnici o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch (RED). Navzdory v\u00fdzv\u00e1m ze soukrom\u00e9ho sektoru, ob\u010dansk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti i pr\u016fmyslu, politici nedos\u00e1hli ambici\u00f3zn\u00edho c\u00edlu a odhlasovali z\u00e1vazn\u00fd c\u00edl EU pro energii z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f pro rok 2030 ve v\u00fd\u0161i 42,5 %, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dobrovoln\u00fd c\u00edl \u010din\u00ed 45 %. To bohu\u017eel neodr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9 trilema, kter\u00e9 dopad\u00e1 na v\u0161echny v Evrop\u011b – zejm\u00e9na na ty nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u2013 rostouc\u00ed n\u00e1klady na energie, energetickou nejistotu a hroz\u00edc\u00ed klimatickou krizi.<\/p>\n\n
RED je jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f bal\u00ed\u010dku Fit for 55. Jak\u00e9koliv podr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed jeho princip\u016f m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1\u017en\u011b ohrozit zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie, zpozdit rychlou dekarbonizaci a t\u00edm i dosa\u017een\u00ed klimatick\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f EU. Nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed celoevropsk\u00e9ho c\u00edle pro v\u00fdrobu energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a jejich rychl\u00fd rozvoj jsou nevyhnuteln\u00e9 pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti a dosa\u017een\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 neutrality.<\/p>\n\n
Velk\u00fdm a nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdm p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm bylo to, jak pozice Parlamentu a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b Komise v oblasti udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed lesn\u00ed biomasy byla p\u0159ev\u00e1lcovan\u00e1 \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty. Spalov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ech surovin z biomasy, v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 jsou pro klima a biologickou rozmanitost nejni\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad velk\u00e9 kusy mrtv\u00e9ho d\u0159eva), mohou vl\u00e1dy jednotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f st\u00e1le zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vat do sv\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f v oblasti obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch ohledech je v\u00fdsledek dokonce m\u00e9n\u011b ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed, ne\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh Evropsk\u00e9 komise. Nap\u0159\u00edklad konec finan\u010dn\u00ed podpory v\u00fdroby elekt\u0159iny z lesn\u00ed biomasy byl zna\u010dn\u011b oslaben. Implementace „kask\u00e1dov\u00e9ho principu\u201d, kdy je energetick\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159evn\u00ed biomasy povinn\u011b voleno a\u017e jako posledn\u00ed mo\u017enost, byla velmi oslabena, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee tento m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v praxi bezzub\u00fd. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech jak ho implementuj\u00ed a to se t\u00fdk\u00e1 i dal\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed jako je definice pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho kulatiny \u010di ochrany prim\u00e1rn\u00edch a star\u00fdch les\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o fin\u00e1ln\u00ed podob\u011b sm\u011brnice RED p\u0159edch\u00e1zelo setk\u00e1n\u00ed ministr\u016f energetiky EU, na kter\u00e9m p\u0159ijali stanovisko k Plynov\u00e9mu bal\u00ed\u010dku. Ze sm\u011brnice o plynu vylou\u010dili kontroverzn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh Francie o zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00e9ho vod\u00edku (na b\u00e1zi fosiln\u00edch a jadern\u00fdch paliv) do evropsk\u00e9ho c\u00edl\u016f dekarbonizace v oblasti dopravy a pr\u016fmyslu. Tento n\u00e1vrh nebyl p\u0159ijat, ale kompromisn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zky bylo p\u0159esunuto do jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o sm\u011brnici RED. Ta zav\u00e1d\u00ed mo\u017enost pro \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty sn\u00ed\u017eit pod\u00edl obnoviteln\u00fdch paliv nebiologick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed o 20 %, pokud p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 z\u00e1vazn\u00e9mu c\u00edly EU a pod\u00edl vod\u00edku z fosiln\u00edch paliv spot\u0159ebovan\u00e9ho v \u010dlensk\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u011b nep\u0159es\u00e1hne 23 % v roce 2030 a 20 % v roce 2035.<\/p>\n\n
Zahrnut\u00edm n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f do Sm\u011brnice hroz\u00ed odveden\u00ed investic a zdroj\u016f od levn\u00e9, decentralizovan\u00e9 energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f do n\u00e1kladn\u00fdch centralizovan\u00fdch projekt\u016f, co tak\u00e9 naru\u0161\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bru ve\u0159ejnosti v klimatickou politiku EU. Politickou dohodu o podob\u011b sm\u011brnice RED nyn\u00ed mus\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u011b schv\u00e1lit Rada EU a Evropsk\u00fd parlament, aby revidovan\u00e1 sm\u011brnice mohla vstoupit v platnost.<\/p>\n\n
Jedn\u00edm z m\u00e1la pozitivn\u00edch aspekt\u016f n\u011bkolikadenn\u00edho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed Rady tak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt snad pouze prodlou\u017een\u00ed loni dohodnut\u00e9ho mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho opat\u0159en\u00ed na 15 % sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed popt\u00e1vky po plynu, kter\u00e9 m\u011blo vypr\u0161et na konci b\u0159ezna. Vzhledem k sou\u010dasn\u00e9 krizov\u00e9 situaci by se sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed popt\u00e1vky po plynu na \u00farovni 15 % m\u011blo st\u00e1t povinn\u00fdm pro dosa\u017een\u00ed postupn\u00e9ho ukon\u010den\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed plynu do roku 2035. Po schv\u00e1len\u00ed pozice Rady se Plynov\u00fd bal\u00ed\u010dek p\u0159esouv\u00e1 do tzv. trialogu, teda diskusie mezi Evropskou Komis\u00ed, Parlamentem a Radou.<\/p>\n\n
Miriam Macurov\u00e1 z Greenpeace \u010cR \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: <\/strong>\u201cDnes schv\u00e1len\u00fd z\u00e1vazn\u00fd c\u00edl EU pro produkci energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f na \u00farovni 42,5 % nereflektuje sou\u010dasnou energetickou ani klimatickou krizi. T\u00fdmto rozhodnut\u00edm, se p\u0159esunula zodpovednost do rukou \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, aby zv\u00fd\u0161ily sv\u00e9 ambice a nejen usilovali o dosa\u017een\u00ed dobrovoln\u00e9ho c\u00edlu 45 %, ale aby jej p\u0159ekro\u010dily, a t\u00edm prok\u00e1zaly sv\u016fj z\u00e1vazek chr\u00e1nit lidi p\u0159ed kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00edm cen energie, svou zemi p\u0159ed energetickou nejistotou a pomohli Evrop\u011b dos\u00e1hnout klimatick\u00e9 neutrality.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n Jan Freidinger z Greenpeace \u010cR \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: <\/strong>\u201cV\u00fdsledek trialogu je zklam\u00e1n\u00edm pro ochranu evropsk\u00fdch les\u016f i ochranu biodiverzity. Podpora spalov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva a to i pro v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny nen\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm klimatick\u00e9 krize, ale naopak k n\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1. Zdrav\u00e9 a odoln\u00e9 lesy jsou jedn\u00edm z na\u0161ich nejlep\u0161\u00edch spojenc\u016f v boji se zm\u011bnou klimatu. V\u00fdsledek trialogu znamen\u00e1, \u017ee i nad\u00e1le budeme odm\u011b\u0148ovat energetick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti za to, \u017ee miliony strom\u016f pro\u017eenou kom\u00ednem sv\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren, m\u00edsto toho, aby se zam\u011b\u0159ily na skute\u010dn\u011b \u010dist\u00e9 a obnoviteln\u00ed zdroje energie a energetick\u00e9 \u00faspory.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n Ond\u0159ej Pa\u0161ek z Hnut\u00ed DUHA \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: \u201c<\/strong>Energetick\u00e1 krize uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee \u010ce\u0161i jsou p\u0159ipraveni a dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed prov\u00e9st energetickou transformaci. Spot\u0159eba plynu klesla o 13%, naopak po\u010det \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed o p\u0159ipojen\u00ed nov\u00fdch obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f rekordn\u011b narostl. Bohu\u017eel, i p\u0159isp\u011bn\u00edm \u010desk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy nenapln\u00ed novela sm\u011brnice realistick\u00e9 ambice v obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed firmy i ob\u010dan\u00e9 v Evropsk\u00e9 unii. Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed c\u00edl pro obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje bude m\u00edt praktick\u00e9 dopady na ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed objemy financ\u00ed a pomalej\u0161\u00ed tempo jejich rozvoje i u n\u00e1s.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n Veronika Murzynov\u00e1 z Centra pro dopravu a energetiku \u0159\u00edk\u00e1:<\/strong> \u201cV \u00fater\u00fd schv\u00e1len\u00fd postoj Rady k plynov\u00e9mu bal\u00ed\u010dku je hlavn\u011b zma\u0159enou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed p\u0159edstavit opravdu silnou legislativu, kter\u00e1 by Evrop\u011b pomohla zbavit se z\u00e1vislosti na fosiln\u00edm plynu, a to i p\u0159es n\u011bkter\u00e1 kosmetick\u00e1 vylep\u0161en\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad v p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b na vy\u0159azov\u00e1n\u00ed plyn\u00e1rensk\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed z provozu a omezen\u00ed p\u0159im\u00edch\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vod\u00edku do fosiln\u00edho plynu na max. 2 %. V plynov\u00e9m bal\u00ed\u010dku st\u00e1le chyb\u00ed jasn\u00fd pl\u00e1n na \u00fapln\u00e9 ukon\u010den\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed fosiln\u00edho plynu nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d sektory do roku 2035 nebo t\u0159eba transparentn\u00ed zp\u016fsob \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed budouc\u00edch vod\u00edkov\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed. N\u00e1vrh te\u010f m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do posledn\u00edch kol vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mezi evropsk\u00fdmi institucemi, kter\u00e9 tak je\u0161t\u011b maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost jej vylep\u0161it. <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Dnes brzy r\u00e1no evrop\u0161t\u00ed z\u00e1konod\u00e1rci dosp\u011bli k neuspokojiv\u00e9 dohod\u011b o Sm\u011brnici o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch (RED). Navzdory v\u00fdzv\u00e1m ze soukrom\u00e9ho sektoru, ob\u010dansk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti i pr\u016fmyslu, politici nedos\u00e1hli ambici\u00f3zn\u00edho c\u00edlu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":18618,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[25,20,26],"p4-page-type":[14],"class_list":["post-18623","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","tag-zmena-klimatu","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","p4-page-type-tiskova-zprava"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18623","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18623"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18623\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18798,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18623\/revisions\/18798"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18618"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18623"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18623"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18623"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=18623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}