{"id":19138,"date":"2023-07-03T12:05:01","date_gmt":"2023-07-03T11:05:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=19138"},"modified":"2023-07-04T08:08:29","modified_gmt":"2023-07-04T07:08:29","slug":"saga-jednani-o-smernici-o-obnovitelnych-zdrojich-se-blizi-ke-konci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/19138\/saga-jednani-o-smernici-o-obnovitelnych-zdrojich-se-blizi-ke-konci\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e1ga jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o Sm\u011brnici o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed ke konci\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

V posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch jsme m\u011bli na evropsk\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b mo\u017enost sledovat\u00a0 drama, kter\u00e9 spustila Francie po jedn\u00e1n\u00edch o fin\u00e1ln\u00edm kompromisn\u00edm zn\u011bn\u00ed Sm\u011brnice o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch (RED). Ta se t\u00e1hne ji\u017e od za\u010d\u00e1tku dubna. Francie s podporou nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9ho jadern\u00e9ho klubu tla\u010dila na to, aby se do sm\u011brnice dosta i tzv. nefosiln\u00ed zdroje, tedy prim\u00e1rn\u011b jadern\u00e1 energie.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 podoba sm\u011brnice, na kter\u00e9 se po v\u00edce jak t\u0159ech m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch shodli z\u00e1stupci evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a minul\u00fd t\u00fdden tak\u00e9 i V\u00fdbor pro pr\u016fmysl, v\u00fdzkum a energetiku Evropsk\u00e9ho Parlamentu nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e1. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 podr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed princip\u016f t\u00e9to sm\u011brnice m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1\u017en\u011b ohrozit zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie, zpozdit rychlou dekarbonizaci a t\u00edm i dosa\u017een\u00ed klimatick\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Celkov\u00fd evropsk\u00fd c\u00edl pro obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Sm\u011brnice o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch energie je jedn\u00edm ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pil\u00ed\u0159\u016f legislativn\u00edho bal\u00ed\u010dku Fit for 55, jeho\u017e c\u00edlem je dekarbonizovat evropskou ekonomiku a dos\u00e1hnout sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed produkce sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f v EU o 55% do roku 2030. Nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed celoevropsk\u00e9ho c\u00edle pro v\u00fdrobu energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a jejich rychl\u00fd rozvoj jsou nevyhnuteln\u00e9 pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti a dosa\u017een\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 neutrality.<\/p>\n\n

Navzdory v\u00fdzv\u00e1m  soukrom\u00e9ho sektoru, ob\u010dansk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti i pr\u016fmyslu, politici nedos\u00e1hli ambici\u00f3zn\u00edho c\u00edlu a u\u017e v dubnu odhlasovali z\u00e1vazn\u00fd c\u00edl EU pro energii z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f pro rok 2030 ve v\u00fd\u0161i 42,5 %, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dobrovoln\u00fd c\u00edl \u010din\u00ed 45 %. T\u00edmto rozhodnut\u00edm se p\u0159esunula zodpov\u011bdnost do rukou \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, aby zv\u00fd\u0161ili sv\u00e9 ambice a nejen usilovali o dosa\u017een\u00ed dobrovoln\u00e9ho c\u00edle 45 %, ale aby jej p\u0159ekro\u010dily. T\u00edm mohou prok\u00e1zat sv\u016fj z\u00e1vazek chr\u00e1nit lidi p\u0159ed kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00edm cen energie, svou zemi p\u0159ed energetickou nejistotou a pomohli Evrop\u011b dos\u00e1hnout klimatick\u00e9 neutrality.<\/p>\n\n

Ambice n\u00e1rodn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 tak\u00e9 proto, \u017ee sm\u011brnice RED po roku 2020 neobsahuje z\u00e1vazn\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed c\u00edle pro OZE ale Evropsk\u00e1 komise stanovuje \u201cjen\u201d referen\u010dn\u00ed hodnoty (benchmarks) a n\u00e1vod jak si stanovit n\u00e1rodn\u00ed c\u00edle pro OZE pro jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dlensk\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty. Proto se m\u016f\u017ee velmi snadno st\u00e1t, a st\u00e1va se, \u017ee pokud n\u011bkter\u00e9 ambici\u00f3zn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bj\u00ed do celoevropsk\u00e9ho c\u00edle v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm procentem OZE tak m\u00e9n\u011b ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed krajiny, mezi kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed i \u010cR, nemaj\u00ed motivaci sv\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky plnit, proto\u017ee stanoven\u00fd celoevropsk\u00fd c\u00edl bude dosa\u017een. U\u017e nyn\u00ed ale v\u00edme, \u017ee \u010cR bude muset s velkou pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvojn\u00e1sobn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it sv\u016fj sou\u010dasn\u00fd pod\u00edl OZE na kone\u010dn\u00e9 spot\u0159eb\u011b energie ze 17% na 31-34%.<\/p>\n\n

Zahrnut\u00ed ne-fosiln\u00edch zdroj\u016f? <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed boj p\u0159i vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed o podob\u011b RED prob\u011bhl mezi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1tyi o to, co je jako onoviteln\u00fd zdroj mo\u017en\u00e9 definovat. Francie s podporou v\u00edcero st\u0159edoevropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b \u010ceska se sna\u017eila do \u010dl\u00e1nku sm\u011brnice o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdrojoch energie v pr\u016fmyslu dostat n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00e9 nefosiln\u00ed zdroje energie, teda jadernou energiu. To v b\u0159eznov\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch vy\u00fastilo v \u00fastupek a dopln\u011bn\u00ed sm\u011brnice o nov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek, kter\u00fd d\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010dlensk\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm mo\u017enost sn\u00ed\u017eit pod\u00edl obnoviteln\u00fdch paliv nebiologick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed o 20 %, pokud p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 z\u00e1vazn\u00e9mu c\u00edly EU a pod\u00edl vod\u00edku z fosiln\u00edch paliv spot\u0159ebovan\u00e9ho v \u010dlensk\u00e9m st\u00e1t\u011b nep\u0159es\u00e1hne 23 % v roce 2030 a 20 % v roce 2035. U\u017e p\u0159i dosa\u017een\u00ed kompromisu bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee tyto podm\u00ednky jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 striktn\u00ed a proto se Francie rozhodla zablokovat proces p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed tohto kompromisn\u00edho textu na dal\u0161\u00edch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch v kv\u011btnu. <\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdsledkem dal\u0161\u00edch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed bylo p\u0159ijet\u00ed tzv. prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 komise dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed RED, kter\u00e9 bude br\u00e1t v potaz p\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed podc\u00edle pro obnoviteln\u00fd vod\u00edk v pr\u016fmyslu. Fungov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 komise nen\u00ed zat\u00edm upln\u011b jasn\u00e9, stejn\u011b jako  jeho n\u00e1sledky. Jasn\u00e9 ale je, \u017ee jadern\u00e1 energie se v n\u011bm srovn\u00e1v\u00e1 s obnoviteln\u00fdmi zdrojmi p\u0159i dosahov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edle klimatick\u00e9 neutrality do roku 2050, tak jak bylo vy\u017eadov\u00e1no Francii v posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch.  <\/p>\n\n

Zahrnut\u00edm n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f do Sm\u011brnice RED hroz\u00ed odveden\u00ed investic a zdroj\u016f od levn\u00e9, decentralizovan\u00e9 energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f do n\u00e1kladn\u00fdch centralizovan\u00fdch projekt\u016f, co\u017e tak\u00e9 naru\u0161\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bru ve\u0159ejnosti v klimatickou politiku EU. Sm\u011brnice o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch energie by m\u011bla proto b\u00fdt jasn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159ena na podporu a propagaci obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f.Posledn\u00edm krokem pro p\u0159ijet\u00ed fin\u00e1ln\u00edho textu Sm\u011brnice RED bude hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed na plen\u00e1rn\u00edm zased\u00e1n\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9ho Parlamentu v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

\u010cek\u00e1n\u00ed na p\u0159ijet\u00ed fin\u00e1ln\u00edho zn\u011bn\u00ed Sm\u011brnice RED m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 vliv na prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed aktualizaci Vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu v oblasti energetiky a klimatu (NECP) \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1tmi, kter\u00e9 v nich maj\u00ed reflektovat evropsk\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky z bal\u00ed\u010dku Fit for 55 na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je to, \u017ee dosud nejsou zve\u0159ejn\u011bny n\u00e1rodn\u00ed referen\u010dn\u00ed hodnoty pro c\u00edl OZE. Deadline pro odevzd\u00e1n\u00ed draft\u016f NECP byl v p\u00e1tek 30. \u010dervn, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina zem\u00ed EU v\u010detn\u011b \u010cR tento term\u00edn nedodr\u017eela. <\/p>\n\n

A co klimatick\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky EU?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie jsou jednozna\u010dn\u011b jedn\u00edm z pil\u00ed\u0159\u016f evropsk\u00e9 dekarbonizace. V t\u00e9to debat\u011b ale nem\u016f\u017eeme opomenout tak\u00e9 energetickou efektivitu a sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed spot\u0159eby a popt\u00e1vky po energi\u00edch. Vzhledem na sou\u010dasn\u00e9 trilema, kter\u00e9 dopad\u00e1 na v\u0161echny v Evrop\u011b \u2013 zejm\u00e9na na ty nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u2013 rostouc\u00ed n\u00e1klady na energie, energetickou nejistotu a hroz\u00edc\u00ed klimatickou krizi, by m\u011blo b\u00fdt prim\u00e1rn\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed popt\u00e1vky po energi\u00edch (energy sufficiency), dopln\u011bn\u00e9 o energetickou efektivitu a obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie. EU dlouhodob\u011b zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 za sv\u00fdmi dekarboniza\u010dn\u00fdmi cilmi a proto je nevyhnuteln\u00e9 m\u00edt ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed c\u00edle, a\u0165 u\u017e na evropsk\u00e9, anebo n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch jsme m\u011bli na evropsk\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b mo\u017enost sledovat  drama, kter\u00e9 spustila Francie po jedn\u00e1n\u00edch o fin\u00e1ln\u00edm kompromisn\u00edm zn\u011bn\u00ed Sm\u011brnice o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch (RED). Ta se t\u00e1hne ji\u017e od…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":19139,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[25,26,20],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-19138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","tag-zmena-klimatu","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19138","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/72"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19138"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19143,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19138\/revisions\/19143"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19139"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19138"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=19138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}