{"id":19206,"date":"2023-08-03T10:46:26","date_gmt":"2023-08-03T09:46:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=19206"},"modified":"2023-08-03T10:49:31","modified_gmt":"2023-08-03T09:49:31","slug":"vycerpali-jsme-vsechny-zdroje-a-ode-dneska-zijeme-na-ekologicky-dluh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/19206\/vycerpali-jsme-vsechny-zdroje-a-ode-dneska-zijeme-na-ekologicky-dluh\/","title":{"rendered":"Vy\u010derpali jsme v\u0161echny zdroje a \u017eijeme na ekologick\u00fd dluh"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dnes, druh\u00e9ho srpna jsme p\u0159ekro\u010dili limit toho, co n\u00e1m planeta m\u016f\u017ee nab\u00eddnout. Ode dne\u0161ka \u017eijeme na dluh. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Podle anal\u00fdzy organizace Global Footprint Network dos\u00e1hlo lidstvo okam\u017eiku, kdy za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 vy\u010derp\u00e1vat p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje nad \u00farove\u0148, kterou by Zem\u011b mohla obnovit za cel\u00fd rok. Earth Overshoot Day a Country Overshoot Day jsou dva term\u00edny spojen\u00e9 s ekologickou stopou a p\u0159et\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm planety. Earth Overshoot Day p\u0159edstavuje den, kdy celosv\u011btov\u00e1 spot\u0159eba lidsk\u00e9 populace p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed regenera\u010dn\u00ed kapacitu Zem\u011b pro dan\u00fd rok. Country Overshoot Day se pak t\u00fdk\u00e1 jednotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f a zna\u010d\u00ed den, kdy spot\u0159eba obyvatelstva dan\u00e9 zem\u011b p\u0159es\u00e1hne ekologickou kapacitu t\u00e9to zem\u011b v dan\u00e9m roce.<\/p>\n\n

Pro \u010ceskou republiku byl Country Overshoot Day v roce 2023 stanoven na 12. dubna. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee od tohoto data spot\u0159eba p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f a produkce odpadu v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice p\u0159ekro\u010dila ekologickou kapacitu zem\u011b pro dan\u00fd rok. Stanoven\u00ed t\u011bchto datum\u016f slou\u017e\u00ed jako ukazatel, kter\u00fd n\u00e1m pom\u00e1h\u00e1 pochopit, jak na\u0161e \u010dinnost ovliv\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed zdroje a ekosyst\u00e9my na celosv\u011btov\u00e9 i m\u00edstn\u00ed \u00farovni. Jsou n\u011bco jako varov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 sni\u017eovat ekologickou stopu a p\u0159ech\u00e1zet na udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby \u017eivota, abychom ochr\u00e1nili a zachovali na\u0161i planetu pro budouc\u00ed generace.<\/p>\n\n

Posledn\u00edch pades\u00e1t let nast\u00e1v\u00e1 Earth Overshoot Day \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l d\u0159\u00edve. Pades\u00e1tilet\u00e9 p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed limit\u016f Zem\u011b p\u0159itom znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se ro\u010dn\u00ed deficity kumuluj\u00ed v ekologick\u00fd dluh, kter\u00fd u\u017e dosahuje 19 let obnovy planety. V\u00fdsledkem je rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 degradace ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f a atmosf\u00e9ra pln\u00e1 sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. Pro ty z n\u00e1s, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed v bohat\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch, by to m\u011bla b\u00fdt jasn\u00e1 p\u0159ipom\u00ednka na\u0161\u00ed kolektivn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti za to, jak\u00e1 spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed d\u011bl\u00e1me ka\u017ed\u00fd den a jak podporujeme glob\u00e1ln\u00ed korporace, je\u017e ni\u010d\u00ed k\u0159ehk\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my na\u0161\u00ed planety a p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00ed jej\u00ed limity.<\/p>\n\n

Bohat\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 st\u00e1le spaluj\u00ed fosiln\u00ed paliva, se dosud neodhodlaly k n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm, ale pln\u011b provediteln\u00fdm krok\u016fm sm\u011brem k udr\u017eiteln\u00e9mu zp\u016fsobu \u017eivota. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednos m\u00e1 sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e1 energie, ochrana a obnova les\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f, zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a v\u00fdroba potravin \u0161etrn\u00e1 ke klimatu a energetick\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost v mnoha podob\u00e1ch. Pokud p\u0159ijmeme ur\u010dit\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed na stran\u011b popt\u00e1vky, m\u016f\u017eeme do roku 2050 sn\u00ed\u017eit glob\u00e1ln\u00ed emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f o 40 a\u017e 70 % ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i. Mus\u00edme jen zm\u011bnit zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me technologie a zdroje k uspokojen\u00ed na\u0161ich pot\u0159eb v oblasti spot\u0159eby energi\u00ed, potravin, p\u0159\u00edst\u0159e\u0161\u00ed, mobility a v\u00fdrobk\u016f.  Na syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 \u00farovni pot\u0159ebujeme jasn\u00fd pl\u00e1n a konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed kroky, pro transformaci na\u0161\u00ed ekonomiky a energetiky.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Uruguay \u2013 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh politick\u00e9 v\u016fle<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m mo\u017en\u00e1 trochu p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b m\u016f\u017ee poskytnout inspiraci, je Uruguay. Tato mal\u00e1 zem\u011b s kopcovit\u00fdm ter\u00e9nem je d\u016fkazem toho, \u017ee sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spot\u0159eby zdroj\u016f Zem\u011b neznamen\u00e1 nutn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b. A\u010dkoliv neexistuje univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edpis pro udr\u017eitelnost, Uruguay n\u00e1m dokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee vedouc\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 mohou \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b sni\u017eovat ekologickou stopu zem\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

Zem\u011b se m\u016f\u017ee py\u0161nit jednou z nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmov\u00e9 nerovnost<\/a>i v Latinsk\u00e9 Americe a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nulovou extr\u00e9mn\u00ed chudobou<\/a>. Tamn\u00ed vl\u00e1da investovala do vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de, minim\u00e1ln\u00edch mezd valorizovan\u00fdch podle inflace a progresivn\u00edho da\u0148ov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd redistribuuje bohatstv\u00ed od bohat\u00fdch k chud\u00fdm. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto kroky sn\u00ed\u017eily chudobu a nerovnost. Zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed se na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed stabiln\u00ed a odolnou spole\u010dnost, jej\u00ed\u017e \u010dlenov\u00e9 jsou m\u00e9n\u011b zraniteln\u00ed v\u016f\u010di hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm ot\u0159es\u016fm. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee Uruguay pat\u0159\u00ed k nej\u0161\u0165astn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zem\u00edm Latinsk\u00e9 Amerik<\/a>y a m\u00e1 silnou soci\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1chrannou s\u00ed\u0165 a vysokou \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148.<\/p>\n\n

Dosahov\u00e1n\u00ed energetick\u00e9 nez\u00e1vislosti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Uruguay sn\u00ed\u017eila svou z\u00e1vislost na fosiln\u00edch palivech t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u0159e\u0161la na obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie. Energetickou transformaci zah\u00e1jila v roce 2008 a nyn\u00ed se \u0159ad\u00ed mezi sv\u011btov\u00e9 l\u00eddry v t\u00e9to oblasti. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 98 % jej\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 energie je vyr\u00e1b\u011bno z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f<\/a>, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z vodn\u00edch a v\u011btrn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren. Transformace z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159inesla nov\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta a ekonomick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, nebo\u0165 Uruguay se stala l\u00eddrem v oblasti obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee uruguay\u0161t\u00ed p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 u\u010dinili v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch mnoho pozitivn\u00edch krok\u016f, nelze \u00fapln\u011b ospravedlnit v\u0161echny jejich rozhodnut\u00ed. Zem\u011b \u010del\u00ed nejhor\u0161\u00ed krizi hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s vodou v historii, kterou zp\u016fsobil nekontrolovan\u00fd r\u016fst m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed a vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1sob vody slou\u017e\u00edc\u00edch hlavn\u00edmu m\u011bstu Montevideo<\/a>. Aktivist\u00e9 tak\u00e9 kritizuj\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady za up\u0159ednost\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed vody nadn\u00e1rodn\u00edmi spole\u010dnostmi a zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdmi podniky na \u00fakor vlastn\u00edch ob\u010dan\u016f. Velk\u00e9 znepokojen\u00ed vzbuzuj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad pl\u00e1ny na v\u00fdstavbu datov\u00e9ho centra spole\u010dnosti Google, kter\u00e9 by spot\u0159ebovalo miliony litr\u016f vody. Uruguay nav\u00edc pl\u00e1nuje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016fzkumu lo\u017eisek ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu po tom, co objevila nov\u00e9 z\u00e1soby u sv\u00fdch b\u0159eh\u016f. Zem\u011b usiluje o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby a spot\u0159eby, co\u017e v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed ni\u010div\u00e9 d\u016fsledky.<\/p>\n\n

Nal\u00e9hejme na politiky<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Nach\u00e1z\u00edme se v d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9m okam\u017eiku lidsk\u00e9 historie. Ti z n\u00e1s, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed v zem\u00edch, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e p\u0159ekonaly hranice nadm\u011brn\u00e9 spot\u0159eby, mohou pro\u017e\u00edvat kvalitn\u00ed \u017eivot bez zbyte\u010dn\u00e9ho plytv\u00e1n\u00ed a ni\u010den\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. M\u011bli bychom nal\u00e9hat na na\u0161e vl\u00e1dy, aby n\u00e1sledovaly pozitivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed a prosazovaly politiky, kter\u00e9 nejsou uv\u00edzl\u00e9 v minulosti, ale ukazuj\u00ed cestu vp\u0159ed.<\/p>\n\n

Uruguaysk\u00fdm p\u0159edstavitel\u016fm, podnikatel\u016fm a pracovn\u00edk\u016fm p\u0159inesl zelen\u00fd p\u0159echod nejen \u010distou energii, ale tak\u00e9 zm\u011bnu jejich vlastn\u00edho my\u0161len\u00ed. Nam\u00edsto toho, aby se zalekli  budouc\u00edch kriz\u00ed, p\u0159ijali je jako b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy a hledal jejich \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed s ohledem na pot\u0159eby lidstva, ale i planety. Inspirujme se t\u011bmito kroky a jednou prov\u017edy opus\u0165me neudr\u017eiteln\u00e9 p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed limit\u016f na Zemi.<\/p>\n\n

Text vy\u0161el na Seznam M\u00e9dium.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dnes, druh\u00e9ho srpna jsme p\u0159ekro\u010dili limit toho, co n\u00e1m planeta m\u016f\u017ee nab\u00eddnout. Ode dne\u0161ka \u017eijeme na dluh.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":74,"featured_media":19208,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,2],"tags":[25,26,20,22],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-19206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","category-priroda","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","tag-zmena-klimatu","tag-setrimeplanetu","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/74"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19206"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19210,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19206\/revisions\/19210"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19208"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19206"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=19206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}