{"id":20562,"date":"2024-06-13T10:09:44","date_gmt":"2024-06-13T09:09:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=20562"},"modified":"2024-06-17T21:26:34","modified_gmt":"2024-06-17T20:26:34","slug":"rychly-utlum-uhelnych-elektraren-neohrozi-bezpecnost-dodavek-nouzova-moznost-docasne-zachrany-elektraren-musi-mit-prisne-mantinely","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/tiskova-zprava\/20562\/rychly-utlum-uhelnych-elektraren-neohrozi-bezpecnost-dodavek-nouzova-moznost-docasne-zachrany-elektraren-musi-mit-prisne-mantinely\/","title":{"rendered":"Rychl\u00fd \u00fatlum uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren neohroz\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost dod\u00e1vek. Nouzov\u00e1 mo\u017enost do\u010dasn\u00e9 z\u00e1chrany elektr\u00e1ren mus\u00ed m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 mantinely"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Vl\u00e1da v\u010dera jednala o zakotven\u00ed mo\u017enosti nouzov\u00e9 z\u00e1chrany uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch letech uzav\u0159eny, nebo\u0165 nebudou schopny konkurovat levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zdroj\u016fm elekt\u0159iny na \u010desk\u00e9m a evropsk\u00e9m trhu. Ustanoven\u00ed chce vl\u00e1da v\u010dlenit do aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed novely energetick\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona (Lex OZE 3). Na tiskov\u00e9 konferenci po jedn\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1dy to v\u010dera ve\u010der ozn\u00e1mil ministr pr\u016fmyslu a obchodu Jozef S\u00edkela. Ministr zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee pot\u0159eba spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed takov\u00e9ho mechanismu je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1. Do energetick\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona navrhuje tak\u00e9 ustanoven\u00ed na urychlen\u00ed v\u00fdstavby neuheln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

Ministr Sikela uvedl<\/a>, \u017ee i p\u0159i \u201csuperkritick\u00e9m\u201d sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i, kter\u00fd obsahuje soub\u011bh n\u011bkolika velmi nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed (rychl\u00e9 ukon\u010den\u00ed provozu v\u0161ech uheln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f elekt\u0159iny do roku 2027 a tepla do 2030, omezen\u00ed v\u00fdroby z j\u00e1dra a pomalej\u0161\u00ed rozvoj obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f) z\u016fstane zachov\u00e1na bezpe\u010dnost dod\u00e1vek elekt\u0159iny a tepla. Realistick\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 podle ministra p\u0159itom po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s postupn\u00fdm \u00fatlumem uhl\u00ed do roku 2030.<\/p>\n\n

Hnut\u00ed DUHA a Greenpeace v reakci na ozn\u00e1men\u00ed ministra S\u00edkely upozor\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee podpora uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren ned\u00e1v\u00e1 ekonomicky [1] ani technicky [2] smysl a byla by v rozporu s evropsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem [3]. Ty nejm\u00e9n\u011b efektivn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny – jako Po\u010derady \u010di Chvaletice – v\u016fbec nepot\u0159ebujeme, nebo\u0165 jejich v\u00fdroba tvo\u0159\u00ed jen \u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdvozu elekt\u0159iny<\/a>. I dal\u0161\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny ov\u0161em vytla\u010duje levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dovoz elekt\u0159iny [4]. Naopak efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tepl\u00e1rny budou pokra\u010dovat ve spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed, dokud do roku 2030 neprojdou transformac\u00ed na jin\u00e1 paliva a technologie, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e mohou dod\u00e1vky elekt\u0159iny zv\u00fd\u0161it. Nouzov\u00e1 mo\u017enost udr\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdroby uheln\u00e9 elekt\u0159iny – co\u017e samoz\u0159ejm\u011b znamen\u00e1 dotov\u00e1n\u00ed ztr\u00e1tov\u00e9ho provozu – proto mus\u00ed m\u00edt podle ekologick\u00fdch organizac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 mantinely, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010dasov\u00e9 omezen\u00ed do roku 2028 \u010di 2030. A energetick\u00fd z\u00e1kon by m\u011bl obsahovat i jasn\u00fd z\u00e1kaz spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed od roku 2033. S t\u00edmto datem po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 jak programov\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed vl\u00e1dy, tak n\u00e1vrh St\u00e1tn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 koncepce \u010cR. Proto tak\u00e9 nen\u00ed d\u016fvod \u010dekat a\u017e na ministrem S\u00edkelou zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd Lex Plyn, kde chce ministr pro konec spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed rok 2033 zakotvit.<\/p>\n\n

Ji\u0159\u00ed Ko\u017eelouh, vedouc\u00ed energetick\u00e9ho programu Hnut\u00ed DUHA, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1:<\/strong>
\u201cOce\u0148uji, jak ministr S\u00edkela racion\u00e1ln\u011b popsal, \u017ee i p\u0159i rychl\u00e9m odstavov\u00e1n\u00ed uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1tren nebudou ohro\u017eeny dod\u00e1vky elekt\u0159iny a tepla. Jejich do\u010dasn\u00e1 nouzov\u00e1 z\u00e1chrana mus\u00ed tedy m\u00edt jasn\u00e9 mantinely, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010dasov\u00e9 omezen\u00ed do roku 2028 \u010di 2030. Z\u00e1kon by tak\u00e9 m\u011bl kone\u010dn\u011b ukotvit z\u00e1kaz spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed od roku 2033, aby vnesl do energetiky nutnou jistotu a jasnou motivaci k realizaci v\u0161ech nutn\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro odklon od uhl\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na rychl\u00e9 v\u00fdstavby obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a rozvoje akumulace, \u00faspor a chytr\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed spot\u0159eby.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n

Jaroslav Bican, vedouc\u00ed energetick\u00e9 kampan\u011b Greenpeace \u010cR, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1<\/strong>:\u00a0
\u201cP\u0159\u00edslib<\/em>\u00a0jasn\u00e9ho legislativn\u00edho zakotven\u00ed roku 2033 jako term\u00ednu, do kter\u00e9ho se v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice p\u0159estane spalovat uhl\u00ed, jednozna\u010dn\u011b v\u00edt\u00e1me. Dosavadn\u00ed z\u00e1vazek obsa\u017een\u00fd v programov\u00e9m prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy i p\u0159ipravovan\u00fdch strategick\u00fdch dokumentech byl nedostate\u010dn\u00fd, jak se uk\u00e1zalo i na z\u00e1m\u011bru Severo\u010desk\u00fdch dol\u016f prodlou\u017eit t\u011b\u017ebu na dole B\u00edlina i po roce 2035. Samotn\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00ed podpora uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren pak ned\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl a ve v\u00fdsledku m\u016f\u017ee odd\u00e1lit energetickou transformaci, kter\u00e1 je nevyhnuteln\u00e1 a kterou nutn\u011b pot\u0159ebujeme.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n

Pozn\u00e1mky pro editory a editorky:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

[1] Podpora provozu uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren by byla ne\u00fam\u011brn\u011b drah\u00e1, nebo\u0165 provoz konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny stoj\u00ed na trval\u00e9m provozu konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho hn\u011bdouheln\u00e9ho velkolomu, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 velk\u00e9 fixn\u00ed n\u00e1klady (\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed vody, \u00fadr\u017eba nestabiln\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, atd.). Hn\u011bd\u00e9 uhl\u00ed (na rozd\u00edl od \u010dern\u00e9ho nebo plynu) nelze dov\u00e1\u017eet, nevyplat\u00ed se to kv\u016fli n\u00edzk\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 intenzit\u011b suroviny. Udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny v z\u00e1loze vy\u017eaduje n\u00e1klady na stovky zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, oproti des\u00edtk\u00e1m v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b plynov\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

[2] Podpora uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren je v rozporu s evropsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem. Je zak\u00e1z\u00e1na podpora naru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159skou sout\u011b\u017e (\u010dl. 107 Smlouvy o fungov\u00e1n\u00ed EU). Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed 2019\/943 o vnit\u0159n\u00edm trhu s elekt\u0159inou  v \u010dl. 20 nastavuje pravidla zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zdrojov\u00e9 p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enosti, kter\u00e1 mus\u00ed zachov\u00e1vat tr\u017en\u00ed principy a sm\u011b\u0159ovat k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed integraci evropsk\u00e9ho trhu. \u010cl\u00e1nek 22 pak stanovuje limit produkce pro elektr\u00e1rny, kter\u00e9 mohou z\u00edskat podporu, na 550 g CO2 na kWh elekt\u0159iny, co\u017e uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny nemohou splnit. https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/CS\/ALL\/?uri=CELEX%3A32019R0943<\/a><\/p>\n\n

[3] Uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny nejsou dobr\u00fd z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed zdroj, start vypnut\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny trv\u00e1 dny. Nemohou tedy nab\u00eddnout tak rychl\u00e9 slu\u017eby pro balancov\u00e1n\u00ed elektroenergetick\u00e9 soustavy jako plynov\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny a tepl\u00e1rny \u010di bateriov\u00e1 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b a agreg\u00e1to\u0159i flexibility.<\/p>\n\n

[4] Dovoz elekt\u0159iny nenastane kv\u016fli odstaven\u00ed uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren, je to naopak. V\u00fdroba z uhl\u00ed bude vytla\u010dov\u00e1na z trhu levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed elekt\u0159inou ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed, a to povede k uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edch uheln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Spole\u010dn\u00fd trh s elekt\u0159inou tla\u010d\u00ed dol\u016f ceny elekt\u0159iny bez ohledu na pomal\u00fd postup transformace energetiky v \u010cesku. Podpora pro uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny by znamenala, \u017ee budou zv\u00fdhod\u0148ov\u00e1ny oproti levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zdroj\u016fm elekt\u0159iny a podporu zaplat\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 elekt\u0159iny.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vl\u00e1da v\u010dera jednala o zakotven\u00ed mo\u017enosti nouzov\u00e9 z\u00e1chrany uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch letech uzav\u0159eny, nebo\u0165 nebudou schopny konkurovat levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zdroj\u016fm elekt\u0159iny na \u010desk\u00e9m a evropsk\u00e9m trhu. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":20563,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,30],"tags":[25,26],"p4-page-type":[14],"class_list":["post-20562","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","category-greenpeace","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","p4-page-type-tiskova-zprava"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20562","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20562"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20562\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20574,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20562\/revisions\/20574"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20563"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20562"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20562"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20562"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=20562"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}