{"id":21010,"date":"2024-10-01T07:41:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-01T06:41:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=21010"},"modified":"2024-10-01T11:23:07","modified_gmt":"2024-10-01T10:23:07","slug":"myty-firmy-lesy-cr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/21010\/myty-firmy-lesy-cr\/","title":{"rendered":"Nepravdy firmy Lesy \u010cR vyvr\u00e1ceny"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Reakce Greenpeace na m\u00fdty firmy Lesy \u010cR o star\u00fdch les\u00edch<\/h3>\n\n

Lesy \u010cR ned\u00e1vno zve\u0159ejnily deset tzv. m\u00fdt\u016f o star\u00fdch les\u00edch na sv\u00fdch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch, kde se sna\u017e\u00ed ospravedlnit svou sou\u010dasnou politiku hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s lesy. Bohu\u017eel, mnoho z t\u011bchto tvrzen\u00ed je nejen zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch, ale i fakticky nespr\u00e1vn\u00fdch. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se proto budeme v\u011bnovat jednotliv\u00fdm tvrzen\u00edm Les\u016f \u010cR a objasn\u00edme skute\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdznam star\u00fdch les\u016f pro p\u0159\u00edrodu i spole\u010dnost. Jak je to tedy doopravdy? <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

1. K\u00e1cen\u00ed les\u016f star\u0161\u00edch 120 let je t\u0159eba zastavit, jsou unik\u00e1tn\u00ed a nenahraditeln\u00e9<\/h4>\n\n

Lesy \u010cR tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee lesy jsou nahraditeln\u00fdmi skupinami strom\u016f a \u017ee obnova v pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9m v\u011bku 115 let je spr\u00e1vn\u00fd krok. Tato „obnova“ je v\u0161ak pouhou t\u011b\u017ebou zam\u011b\u0159enou na zisk z prodeje d\u0159eva, co\u017e nijak nereflektuje skute\u010dnou ekologickou hodnotu t\u011bchto les\u016f. Star\u00e9 lesy jsou komplexn\u00edmi ekosyst\u00e9my, kde v\u011bkem vznikaj\u00ed specifick\u00e1 prost\u0159ed\u00ed podporuj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159adu \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, rostlin, hub a li\u0161ejn\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 v mlad\u0161\u00edch les\u00edch nenajdeme. S p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u011bkem les\u016f se jejich biodiverzita zvy\u0161uje a jsou domovem pro mnoho vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch druh\u016f. Nav\u00edc star\u00e9 lesy hraj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00edku, co\u017e je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro boj proti klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b. Jejich stabilita nar\u016fst\u00e1 s v\u011bkem a omezen\u00edm lidsk\u00fdch z\u00e1sah\u016f, co\u017e z nich \u010din\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd prvek pro ochranu klimatu.<\/p>\n\n

Star\u00fdch les\u016f je v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice pouze kolem 10 % z celkov\u00e9 rozlohy, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e mnoh\u00e9 z nich jsou star\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 150 let a n\u011bkter\u00e9 dokonce p\u0159esahuj\u00ed v\u011bk 200 let. N\u011bkter\u00e9 stromy, jako buky a duby, se mohou do\u017e\u00edvat a\u017e 500, respektive 1000 let. Je proto kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 tyto lesy chr\u00e1nit.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

2. St\u00e1t star\u00e9 lesy dostate\u010dn\u011b nechr\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h4>\n\n

Lesy \u010cR intenzivn\u011b hospoda\u0159\u00ed i v chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch oblastech, krom\u011b n\u00e1rodn\u00edch park\u016f a n\u00e1rodn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch rezervac\u00ed, kter\u00fdch je m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 3 % rozlohy \u010cR. P\u0159\u00edkladem je rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 k\u00e1cen\u00ed v CHKO Brdy, Jesen\u00edky \u010di Jizersk\u00e9 hory. Lesy \u010cR ponech\u00e1vaj\u00ed samovoln\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoji pouze 5500 hektar\u016f, co\u017e je pouh\u00fdch 0,5 % z rozlohy les\u016f, kter\u00e9 spravuj\u00ed. To je zcela nedostate\u010dn\u00e9. Ochrana by m\u011bla b\u00fdt roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ena na minim\u00e1ln\u011b 10 % les\u016f, tedy 120 000 hektar\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Lesy \u010cR sice zmi\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravu dal\u0161\u00edch takov\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed, ale v realit\u011b jde o stovky hektar\u016f. Nav\u00edc \u010dasto p\u0159ed tzv. bezz\u00e1sahov\u00fdm re\u017eimem pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed vyk\u00e1cet a „obnovit“ porosty, co\u017e je nep\u0159ijateln\u00fd postup. Bezpe\u010dnost v t\u011bchto les\u00edch lze zajistit i jinak, nap\u0159\u00edklad z\u00e1sahy pod\u00e9l zna\u010den\u00fdch cest. Lesy \u010cR v\u0161ak z\u0159ejm\u011b nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee lesy mohou existovat bez jejich z\u00e1sah\u016f, p\u0159esto\u017ee p\u0159\u00edroda spravuje lesy stovky milion\u016f let.<\/p>\n\n

3. Lesy \u010cR neposlouchaj\u00ed v\u011bdce a k\u00e1cen\u00edm star\u00fdch porost\u016f ohro\u017euj\u00ed biodiverzitu<\/h4>\n\n

Obnova lesa, jak ji Lesy \u010cR praktikuj\u00ed, znamen\u00e1 vyk\u00e1cen\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 vys\u00e1zen\u00ed nov\u00fdch strom\u016f, co\u017e je postup vhodn\u00fd sp\u00ed\u0161e pro produkci d\u0159eva ne\u017e pro ochranu ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f. St\u00e1rnut\u00ed lesa p\u0159irozen\u011b zvy\u0161uje biodiverzitu a odolnost proti zm\u011bn\u00e1m. Lesy existovaly na Zemi d\u00e1vno p\u0159ed \u010dlov\u011bkem a dok\u00e1\u017eou se vyv\u00edjet zcela p\u0159irozen\u011b i bez lidsk\u00fdch z\u00e1sah\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Lesy \u010cR se odkazuj\u00ed na Adapta\u010dn\u00ed strategii na zm\u011bnu klimatu, kter\u00e1 se v\u0161ak t\u00fdk\u00e1 hlavn\u011b smrkov\u00fdch monokultur vysazovan\u00fdch na nevhodn\u00fdch m\u00edstech. Tato strategie nikde neobhajuje k\u00e1cen\u00ed listnat\u00fdch les\u016f star\u0161\u00edch ne\u017e 120 let. Naopak, modely ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee pokud bude sou\u010dasn\u00e1 praxe pokra\u010dovat, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny star\u00e9 bu\u010diny v Kru\u0161n\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch do 10 let zmiz\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

4. Les\u016fm \u010cR jde hlavn\u011b o zisk<\/h4>\n\n

Lesy \u010cR jsou st\u00e1tn\u00ed firmou, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bla spravovat lesy pro ve\u0159ejn\u00fd z\u00e1jem, ale v praxi jsou ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy \u010dasto nad\u0159azeny ochran\u011b p\u0159\u00edrody. Masivn\u00ed t\u011b\u017eba prob\u00edh\u00e1 i v chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch oblastech pod z\u00e1minkou „obnovy lesa“, i kdy\u017e star\u00e9 lesy se mohou obnovit samy. D\u0159evo vyt\u011b\u017een\u00e9 ze star\u00fdch les\u016f kon\u010d\u00ed \u010dasto jako palivov\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed nebo v pap\u00edrn\u00e1ch, co\u017e nen\u00ed zrovna ziskov\u00e9. Lesy \u010cR si nav\u00edc nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed vypl\u00e1cet kompenzace od st\u00e1tu, kdy\u017e nemohou v chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch oblastech pln\u011b hospoda\u0159it. P\u0159itom i kdyby byly v\u0161echny star\u00e9 lesy chr\u00e1n\u011bny, Lesy \u010cR by st\u00e1le mohly hospoda\u0159it v 90 % jimi spravovan\u00fdch les\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

5. Les\u016f st\u00e1le ub\u00fdv\u00e1, k\u00e1c\u00ed se v\u00edce, ne\u017e vyroste<\/h4>\n\n

Star\u00e9 lesy ub\u00fdvaj\u00ed a to v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, jako jsou bu\u010diny star\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 150 let. Kvalita les\u016f je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1, nikoli jen jejich rozloha. Masivn\u00ed k\u00e1cen\u00ed les\u016f star\u0161\u00edch 120 let mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zastaveno a co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bchto les\u016f by m\u011bla b\u00fdt chr\u00e1n\u011bna. I podle evropsk\u00fdch sm\u011brnic by m\u011bly b\u00fdt star\u00e9 lesy chr\u00e1n\u011bny pro svou vysokou ekologickou hodnotu a schopnost udr\u017eovat biodiverzitu.<\/p>\n\n

6. Lesy se da\u0159\u00ed obnovit samy bez lidsk\u00fdch z\u00e1sah\u016f<\/h4>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edroda m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed mechanismy obnovy. Star\u00e9 stromy p\u0159irozen\u011b odum\u00edraj\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e poskytuj\u00ed prostor pro nov\u00e9 stromy a stanovi\u0161t\u011b pro \u017eivo\u010dichy a dal\u0161\u00ed organismy. Mrtv\u00e9 d\u0159evo je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivin v p\u016fd\u011b a pro udr\u017een\u00ed zdrav\u00e9ho ekosyst\u00e9mu. Studie ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee bezz\u00e1sahov\u00e9 lesy nejsou nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e lesy, kde se intenzivn\u011b hospoda\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

7. Star\u00e9 lesy jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro adaptaci na klimatickou zm\u011bnu<\/h4>\n\n

Star\u00e9 lesy jsou z hlediska boje proti klimatick\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m nepostradateln\u00e9. Ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed v\u00edce uhl\u00edku ne\u017e mlad\u00e9 lesy, proto\u017ee jejich celkov\u00e1 biomasa je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed. Krom\u011b \u017eiv\u00fdch strom\u016f ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 uhl\u00edk tak\u00e9 mrtv\u00e9 d\u0159evo a p\u016fda, co\u017e je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd faktor p\u0159i zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"
Ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u00e1cen\u00ed Les\u016f \u010cR v kru\u0161nohorsk\u00fdch bu\u010din\u00e1ch (c) Greenpeace <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

8. Lesy \u010cR ileg\u00e1ln\u011b k\u00e1c\u00ed star\u00e9 stromy<\/h4>\n\n

Greenpeace dlouhodob\u011b upozor\u0148uje na neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u011b\u017ebu Les\u016f \u010cR u Litv\u00ednova, kterou potvrdila i \u010cesk\u00e1 inspekce \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Lesy \u010cR vyk\u00e1cely 400 buk\u016f star\u00fdch 250 let bez povolen\u00ed. Tento p\u0159\u00edpad je jen jedn\u00edm z mnoha a Lesy \u010cR by m\u011bly b\u00fdt za sv\u00e9 protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed potrest\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n\n

9. Star\u00e9 lesy p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed druhovou skladbu lesa<\/h4>\n\n

Star\u00e9 lesy jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed biodiverzity. Bez intenzivn\u00edho hospoda\u0159en\u00ed by u n\u00e1s bylo 40 % les\u016f tvo\u0159eno buky a jen 11 % smrky, co\u017e je mnohem p\u0159irozen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skladba, ne\u017e jakou m\u00e1me dnes. K\u00e1cen\u00ed star\u00fdch listnat\u00fdch porost\u016f je neospravedlniteln\u00e9, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b kdy\u017e jde o lesy p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00e9, jako jsou star\u00e9 bu\u010diny.<\/p>\n\n

10. Pokud \u010dlov\u011bk vstoup\u00ed do lesa, tak na vlastn\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/h4>\n\n

Nikdo nezpochyb\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu k\u00e1cen\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch strom\u016f pod\u00e9l cest, ale ve zbytku les\u016f sta\u010d\u00ed jasn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed rizik. Existuj\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 star\u00e9 lesy, kter\u00e9 jsou hojn\u011b nav\u0161t\u011bvov\u00e1ny lidmi bez jak\u00fdchkoliv probl\u00e9m\u016f. I star\u00e9 lesy nab\u00edzej\u00ed unik\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro volno\u010dasov\u00e9 aktivity v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPomozte n\u00e1m zachr\u00e1nit star\u00e9 lesy\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Nen\u00ed na co \u010dekat \u2013 ka\u017ed\u00fd den p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00edme o tu nejcenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodu. Vyzv\u011bme vl\u00e1du k okam\u017eit\u00e9 akci.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t \n ANO, POM\u016e\u017dU\n <\/a>\n \t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lesy \u010cR ned\u00e1vno zve\u0159ejnily deset tzv. m\u00fdt\u016f o star\u00fdch les\u00edch na sv\u00fdch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch, kde se sna\u017e\u00ed ospravedlnit svou sou\u010dasnou politiku hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s lesy. Bohu\u017eel, mnoho z t\u011bchto tvrzen\u00ed je…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":21015,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[17],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-21010","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-lesy-pralesy","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21010","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/38"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21010"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21010\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21020,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21010\/revisions\/21020"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21015"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21010"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21010"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21010"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=21010"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}