{"id":21047,"date":"2024-10-11T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-10-11T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=21047"},"modified":"2024-10-14T14:52:57","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T13:52:57","slug":"bez-uhli-bude-nase-elektrina-levnejsi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/21047\/bez-uhli-bude-nase-elektrina-levnejsi\/","title":{"rendered":"Bez uhl\u00ed bude na\u0161e elekt\u0159ina levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u010ceskou energetiku \u010dek\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed transformace, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 potenci\u00e1l p\u0159in\u00e9st ekonomick\u00e9, ekologick\u00e9 i soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdhody. Odklon od uhl\u00ed u\u017e nen\u00ed jenom ekologick\u00fdm po\u017eadavkem, ale i ekonomickou nutnost\u00ed a oddalov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto procesu by n\u00e1m mohlo p\u0159in\u00e9st v\u00edc \u0161kody ne\u017e u\u017eitku. Pro \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto v\u00fdhod naopak pot\u0159ebujeme, aby vl\u00e1da m\u00edsto ohl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed se do fosiln\u00ed minulosti   jasn\u011b definovala sm\u011br a c\u00edle transformace a za\u010dala d\u011blat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed kroky. <\/p>\n\n

Podle ned\u00e1vno zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 studie<\/a> organizace Fakta o klimatu by rychlej\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdstavba obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f mohla v\u00fdznamn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit ceny elekt\u0159iny na \u010desk\u00e9m trhu. Udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed uheln\u00e9 energetiky by naopak vedlo k vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm cen\u00e1m elekt\u0159iny a celkov\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm. Z modelov\u00e1n\u00ed tak\u00e9 vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee drahou \u010deskou elekt\u0159inu z uhl\u00ed mohou u\u017e v brzk\u00e9 dob\u011b spolehliv\u011b a dostate\u010dn\u011b nahradit levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zdroje z okoln\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f. Zat\u00edmco v tepl\u00e1renstv\u00ed bude uhl\u00ed spalov\u00e1no je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bjakou dobu, v oblasti v\u00fdroby elekt\u0159iny je odklon od uhl\u00ed nejen nezbytn\u00fd, ale i ekonomicky v\u00fdhodn\u00fd. Na co tedy \u010cesko \u010dek\u00e1? <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

\u010cesk\u00e9 je lep\u0161\u00ed. Akor\u00e1t, \u017ee v\u016fbec. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n

V m\u00e9di\u00edch a n\u011bkter\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch diskuz\u00edch se objevuj\u00ed my\u0161lenky na dotov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdroby elekt\u0159iny z uhl\u00ed,<\/a> co\u017e by zajistilo vyrovnanou dovozn\u00ed bilanci. To je nejen ekonomicky nesmysln\u00e9, ale tak\u00e9 v rozporu s evropsk\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem. V\u00fdrobn\u00ed sob\u011bsta\u010dnost elekt\u0159iny dosa\u017een\u00e1 podporou uhl\u00ed by byla nesmysln\u011b drah\u00e1 a znamenala by zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 emise, kter\u00e9 jsme se zav\u00e1zali sni\u017eovat. Nav\u00edc by na to cel\u00e9 doplatili pr\u00e1v\u011b spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

Pokusy o udr\u017een\u00ed sob\u011bsta\u010dnosti \u010desk\u00e9 energetiky za pomoci takzvan\u00fdch kapacitn\u00edch plateb pro uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny by podle studie vy\u0161ly \u010desk\u00e9 da\u0148ov\u00e9 poplatn\u00edky na minim\u00e1ln\u011b 6 miliard korun ro\u010dn\u011b, co\u017e by se prom\u00edtlo do vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch cen elekt\u0159iny pro v\u0161echny spot\u0159ebitele. Nejen\u017ee by to prohloubilo z\u00e1vislost na fosiln\u00edch palivech, ale br\u00e1nilo by to inovac\u00edm a investic\u00edm do modern\u00edch technologi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n

Vl\u00e1da m\u00e1 mo\u017enost u\u0161et\u0159it pen\u00edze i planetu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Podle studie Fakta o klimatu je rychlej\u0161\u00ed rozvoj obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f cestou k levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed elekt\u0159in\u011b a k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed energetick\u00e9 sob\u011bsta\u010dnosti. V\u00fdstavba nov\u00fdch fotovoltaick\u00fdch a v\u011btrn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren by v\u00fdznamn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eila pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 tr\u017en\u00ed ceny elekt\u0159iny na \u010desk\u00e9m trhu \u2013 o zhruba 6,5 \u20ac\/MWh oproti sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i pomalej\u0161\u00edho rozvoje. V n\u00e1kladech za silovou elekt\u0159inu by to \u010desk\u00e9 ekonomice p\u0159ineslo \u00fasporu a\u017e 11 miliard korun ro\u010dn\u011b, a to u\u017e v horizontu n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo let. Oproti sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i, kde by nedo\u0161lo k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu rozvoji nov\u00fdch zdroj\u016f mezi lety 2025 a 2028, by \u00faspora byla je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u2013 a\u017e 19 miliard korun ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

I kdy\u017e \u010cesko nebude \u00fapln\u011b sob\u011bsta\u010dn\u00e9 ve v\u00fdrob\u011b elekt\u0159iny, rychlej\u0161\u00ed p\u0159echod na obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje by pomohl sni\u017eovat na\u0161i z\u00e1vislost na dovozu fosiln\u00edch paliv a v\u00fdrazn\u011b by sn\u00ed\u017eil pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 velkoobchodn\u00ed ceny elekt\u0159iny, obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch, kdy v\u00fdroba z fotovoltaick\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren stahuje ceny v poledne k nule. <\/p>\n\n

Rychlej\u0161\u00ed rozvoj OZE by tak\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eil emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, co\u017e je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro pln\u011bn\u00ed na\u0161ich klimatick\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f. Sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed by n\u00e1m pomohlo ochr\u00e1nit na\u0161i ekonomiku nejen p\u0159ed rostouc\u00edmi cenami fosiln\u00edch paliv, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159ed negativn\u00edmi dopady klimatick\u00e9 krize, jako jsou povodn\u011b \u010di sucha. <\/p>\n\n

Podle studie od CAN Europe m\u016f\u017ee ne\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 krize Evropu st\u00e1t do roku 2100 a\u017e 347 miliard eur. <\/a>Nap\u0159\u00edklad povodn\u011b, jak\u00e9 jsme za\u017eili jen p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika t\u00fddny, budou kv\u016fli klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b a\u017e dvakr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a o 7 % siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. <\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Mapu m\u00e1me, poklad zn\u00e1me, te\u010f u\u017e se jen vydat na cestu. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, co je pot\u0159eba ud\u011blat, vl\u00e1da to ale st\u00e1le odkl\u00e1d\u00e1. Dosud nebyla schv\u00e1lena trojice strategick\u00fdch dokument\u016f (St\u00e1tn\u00ed energetick\u00e1 koncepce, N\u00e1rodn\u00ed energeticko-klimatick\u00fd pl\u00e1n a Politika ochrany klimatu), kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed ur\u010dovat energetickou politiku st\u00e1tu na dal\u0161\u00edch 25 let. V pl\u00e1nu to p\u0159itom bylo u\u017e v \u010dervenci.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

Z hlediska konce uhl\u00ed je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 St\u00e1tn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 koncepce (SEK), v n\u00ed\u017e je upraven z\u00e1m\u011br ukotvit v z\u00e1kon\u011b term\u00edn odchodu od uhl\u00ed nejpozd\u011bji do roku 2033. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b je v jej\u00edm n\u00e1vrhu uvedeno, \u017ee se maj\u00ed stanovit a legislativn\u011b ukotvit c\u00edle, term\u00edny a podm\u00ednky odklonu od vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed pro energetick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely, abychom s uhl\u00edm skoncovali nejpozd\u011bji v roce 2033. V n\u00e1vrhu rovn\u011b\u017e stoj\u00ed, \u017ee se m\u00e1 legislativn\u011b ukotvit p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek \u010cR k deklarovan\u00e9mu c\u00edli EU dos\u00e1hnout do roku 2050 klimatick\u00e9 neutrality. <\/p>\n\n

Konec uhl\u00ed m\u011bl b\u00fdt v na\u0161\u00ed legislativ\u011b upraven do 30. \u010dervna 2025. \u010casu tedy ji\u017e nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 mnoho a pokud se to m\u00e1 stihnout je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed sn\u011bmovn\u00edmi volbami, m\u011blo by Ministerstvo pr\u016fmyslu a obchodu, kter\u00e9 je za to prim\u00e1rn\u011b odpov\u011bdn\u00e9, neprodlen\u011b jednat. Stanoven\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho term\u00ednu, dokdy nejpozd\u011bji by uhl\u00ed m\u011blo skon\u010dit, je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed \u2013 aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed nejistota je i pro pr\u016fmysl a energetick\u00fd sektor devastuj\u00edc\u00ed. V\u0161ichni pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed m\u00edt jasn\u011b ur\u010den\u00fd \u010dasov\u00fd r\u00e1mec, aby se mohli na odklon od uhl\u00ed p\u0159ipravit.<\/p>\n\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 vl\u00e1da se ve sv\u00e9m programov\u00e9m prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed<\/a> sice zav\u00e1zala \u201cvytv\u00e1\u0159et podm\u00ednky pro energetickou transformaci a rozvoj uheln\u00fdch region\u016f tak, aby byl mo\u017en\u00fd odklon od uhl\u00ed do roku 2033\u201d, jen\u017ee z\u00e1rove\u0148 si stanovila, \u017ee \u201cuheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny budou odstavov\u00e1ny pod podm\u00ednkou zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edch kapacit\u201d. Jenom\u017ee druh\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed blokuje to prvn\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem je situace, kdy z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed kapacity doposud vznikaly jen velmi pomalu, proto\u017ee k tomu nebyla motivace ani dostate\u010dn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky. Legislativn\u00ed zakotven\u00ed roku 2033 jako term\u00ednu, do kdy nejpozd\u011bji se m\u00e1 odklon od uhl\u00ed uskute\u010dnit, by v\u0161em poskytlo jasn\u00fd \u010dasov\u00fd r\u00e1mec a motivaci ke vzniku uveden\u00fdch z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edch kapacit.<\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u010ceskou energetiku \u010dek\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed transformace, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 potenci\u00e1l p\u0159in\u00e9st ekonomick\u00e9, ekologick\u00e9 i soci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdhody. Odklon od uhl\u00ed u\u017e nen\u00ed jenom ekologick\u00fdm po\u017eadavkem, ale i ekonomickou nutnost\u00ed a oddalov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto procesu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":18473,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[20,26,25],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-21047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazeno","tag-zmena-klimatu","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21047","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21047"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21047\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21064,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21047\/revisions\/21064"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21047"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=21047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}