{"id":21629,"date":"2025-02-18T14:04:07","date_gmt":"2025-02-18T13:04:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=21629"},"modified":"2025-02-18T14:16:44","modified_gmt":"2025-02-18T13:16:44","slug":"jak-zelena-dohoda-promenila-evropskou-energetiku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/21629\/jak-zelena-dohoda-promenila-evropskou-energetiku\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak zelen\u00e1 dohoda prom\u011bnila evropskou energetiku"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Zelen\u00e1 dohoda, kter\u00e1 byla p\u0159edstavena p\u0159ed p\u011bti lety, b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto prezentov\u00e1na v negativn\u00edm sv\u011btle \u2013 jako politika, kter\u00e1 zpomaluje ekonomick\u00fd r\u016fst, omezuje podnik\u00e1n\u00ed a je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00e1kladn\u00e1. Mnoz\u00ed kritici ji ozna\u010duj\u00ed za p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eku, kter\u00e1 br\u00e1n\u00ed rozvoji pr\u016fmyslu a energetiky. Realita je v\u0161ak jin\u00e1. Podle ned\u00e1vno zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy European energy report<\/a> v evropsk\u00e9 energetice od p\u0159ijet\u00ed Zelen\u00e9 dohody nastaly zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 nejen \u017ee p\u0159isp\u011bly k ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm emis\u00edm, ale tak\u00e9 pos\u00edlily energetickou bezpe\u010dnost a sn\u00ed\u017eily n\u00e1klady na fosiln\u00ed paliva. Tato transformace ukazuje, \u017ee ekologick\u00e9 politiky mohou b\u00fdt nejen prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ale i pro ekonomiku, bezpe\u010dnost a konkurenceschopnost, pokud jsou spr\u00e1vn\u011b implementov\u00e1ny a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nejsou brzd\u011bny politick\u00fdmi obstrukcemi.<\/p>\n\n

Evropa se ot\u00e1\u010d\u00ed za sluncem: obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje na vzestupu<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

V\u00fdznamnou pozitivn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee Evropa \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed od fosiln\u00ed minulosti k budoucnosti obnoviteln\u00e9 energie. Pod\u00edl obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f na v\u00fdrob\u011b elektrick\u00e9 energie vzrostl z 34 % v roce 2019 na 47 % v roce 2024. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm skokanem je pr\u00e1v\u011b sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie, vyrobilo se j\u00ed o 22 % v\u00edc ne\u017e v roce 2023 a v pod\u00edlu na energetick\u00e9m mixu Evropy p\u0159edstihla uhl\u00ed. Pod\u00edl fosiln\u00edch zdroj\u016f (ropy, uhl\u00ed a plynu) celkov\u011b klesl na historick\u00e9 minimum 29 %.To znamen\u00e1 v\u00fdznamnou zm\u011bnu v energetick\u00e9m mixu evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. V\u00edc ne\u017e polovina zem\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie u\u017e elektrickou energii z uhl\u00ed nevyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u016fbec, nebo jej\u00ed pod\u00edl na energetick\u00e9m mixu tvo\u0159\u00ed m\u00ed\u0148 ne\u017e 5 %. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Toto sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed je v\u00fdsledkem rozhodnut\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f EU, kter\u00e9 cht\u011bj\u00ed postupn\u011b ukon\u010dit vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed a jin\u00fdch fosiln\u00edch zdroj\u016f, aby zabr\u00e1nily ni\u010den\u00ed klimatu a zm\u00edrnily dopady klimatick\u00e9 krize. Emise v sektoru v\u00fdroby elekt\u0159iny klesly o v\u00edce ne\u017e polovinu ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s rokem 2007, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e intenzita emis\u00ed v EU poklesla za posledn\u00edch 5 let o 26 %. Tyto v\u00fdsledky potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159echod na \u010dist\u00e9 zdroje energie je zp\u016fsobem, jak sn\u00ed\u017eit z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a zlep\u0161it kvalitu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ale data ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00fdvoj v energetice pom\u00e1h\u00e1 nejen s \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm klimatick\u00e9 krize, ale m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 hmatateln\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ednosy.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdhody, kter\u00e9 energetick\u00e1 transformace p\u0159inesla<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Evropa je nejrychleji se otepluj\u00edc\u00edm kontinentem p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v \u010cesku je oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed dvakr\u00e1t rychlej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e sv\u011btov\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br. Z toho plynou klimatick\u00e1 rizika, kter\u00e1 rostou rychleji ne\u017e p\u0159ipravenost na\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti. Klimatick\u00e1 zm\u011bna neovliv\u0148uje pouze n\u00e1r\u016fst pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdch teplot \u010di v\u00fdskyt extr\u00e9mn\u00edho po\u010das\u00ed, ale destabilizuje tak\u00e9 ekonomiku, infrastrukturu a finan\u010dn\u00ed trhy. Podle zpr\u00e1vy Evropsk\u00e9 agentury pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed (EUCRA)<\/a> je proto nutn\u00e9 urychlen\u011b jednat na evropsk\u00e9 i vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00farovni. V\u010dasn\u00e9 a rozhodn\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159itom p\u0159inese tak\u00e9 \u0159adu v\u00fdhod. P\u0159i sledov\u00e1n\u00ed ambici\u00f3zn\u00edch dekarboniza\u010dn\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f v souladu s teplotn\u00edm c\u00edlem 1,5 \u00b0C by EU d\u00edky rozvoji nov\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed a<\/a> modernizaci mohla ji\u017e do roku 2030 z\u00edskat nejm\u00e9n\u011b 1 bilion eur<\/a>. Pro \u010cesko by vedlej\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednosy<\/a> rychl\u00e9ho sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed \u010dinily do roku 2030 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 439 miliard korun<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

D\u00edky expanzi v\u011btrn\u00e9 a sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie v r\u00e1mci EU ji\u017e byly od roku 2019 sn\u00ed\u017eeny n\u00e1klady na dovoz fosiln\u00edch paliv a\u017e o 59 miliard eur. Tato \u00faspora je nejen d\u016fkazem ekologick\u00fdch v\u00fdhod, ale i ekonomick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ednos\u016f zelen\u00e9 transformace, kter\u00e1 sni\u017euje z\u00e1vislost na drah\u00fdch a zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch fosiln\u00edch palivech. Nap\u0159\u00edklad sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na dovozu rusk\u00e9ho plynu, kter\u00fd tvo\u0159il 14 % spot\u0159eby plynu v roce 2024 (oproti 50 % v roce 2019), znamenalo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nez\u00e1vislost Evropy na extern\u00edch zdroj\u00edch energie, co\u017e pos\u00edlilo stabilitu a bezpe\u010dnost cel\u00e9ho regionu.<\/p>\n\n

Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ceny elekt\u0159iny jsou dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm pozitivem. P\u0159\u00edliv levn\u00e9 energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, jako je sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e1 energie, sni\u017euje velkoobchodn\u00ed ceny elekt\u0159iny a umo\u017e\u0148uje dom\u00e1cnostem i firm\u00e1m \u0161et\u0159it. Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e1 energie jsou nyn\u00ed levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina fosiln\u00edch zdroj\u016f, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a \u010dist\u0161\u00ed energii pro v\u0161echny. Levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed elekt\u0159ina by se mohla t\u00fdkat tak\u00e9 \u010desk\u00fdch spot\u0159ebitel\u016f. Podle studie organizace Fakta o klimatu<\/a> by rychlej\u0161\u00ed rozvoj obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f sn\u00ed\u017eil ceny elekt\u0159iny o 6,5 \u20ac\/MWh a u\u0161et\u0159il by n\u00e1m a\u017e 11 miliard korun ro\u010dn\u011b. <\/p>\n\n

R\u016fst sektoru obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f tak\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nov\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti. Tento sektor roste ve v\u00fdrob\u011b, instalaci a \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b zelen\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, co\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst a k rozvoji ekonomiky.<\/p>\n\n

\u010cesku ut\u00edk\u00e1 vlak<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Zat\u00edmco v\u011bt\u0161ina zem\u00ed EU dok\u00e1zala s uhl\u00edm skoncovat, \u010cesko se st\u00e1le zdr\u00e1h\u00e1 opustit fosiln\u00ed minulost. \u010cesko v rozvoji obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed se st\u00e1ty EU zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 a nach\u00e1z\u00ed se na posledn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b s v\u00fdrobou energie z OZE na \u00farovni jen 15 % (v roce 2023)<\/a>, z toho energie ze slunce a v\u011btru je jen 5 %. P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina vyroben\u00e9 energie v \u010cR poch\u00e1z\u00ed st\u00e1le z hn\u011bd\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed a dote\u010f neexistuje pl\u00e1n na ukon\u010den\u00ed jeho vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a jeho nahrazen\u00ed OZE. Ve vl\u00e1dou schv\u00e1len\u00e9m N\u00e1rodn\u00edm energeticko-klimatick\u00e9m pl\u00e1nu je uvedeno, \u017ee by se s vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm uhl\u00ed pro v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny a tepla m\u011blo skon\u010dit do roku 2033. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ale vl\u00e1da schv\u00e1lila a poslala do Sn\u011bmovny poslaneck\u00fd n\u00e1vrh, kter\u00fd zakotvuje mo\u017enost na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a dotov\u00e1n\u00ed provozu uheln\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m<\/a>. <\/strong>Tento krok  p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed riziko zbyte\u010dn\u00e9ho propl\u00e1cen\u00ed zisk\u016f uhlobaron\u016fm na \u00fakor zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch plateb spot\u0159ebitel\u016f elekt\u0159iny. <\/p>\n\n

Kritick\u00fd postoj politik\u016f v\u016f\u010di Zelen\u00e9 dohod\u011b a snaha vykreslit zelen\u00e9 politiky ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m prostoru jako brzdu ekonomiky ve skute\u010dnosti zpomaluj\u00ed modernizaci a ohro\u017euj\u00ed konkurenceschopnost \u010ceska. Nam\u00edsto toho, aby zem\u011b rychleji p\u0159ech\u00e1zela na \u010distou energii, sni\u017eovala z\u00e1vislost na fosiln\u00edch palivech, efektivn\u011b bojovala proti klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b a vyu\u017e\u00edvala ekonomick\u00e9 a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednosy dekarbonizace, podl\u00e9h\u00e1 obstrukc\u00edm, kter\u00e9 brzd\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed modern\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. T\u00edm riskujeme, \u017ee n\u00e1m \u201eujede vlak\u201c \u2013 ekonomick\u00fd, klimatick\u00fd i technologick\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n

Pod\u00edl obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed a \u00faspory z dovozu fosiln\u00edch paliv dokazuj\u00ed, \u017ee cesta k ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Evrop\u011b je nejen nutn\u00e1, ale i v\u00fdhodn\u00e1. Pokud budou politiky orientovan\u00e9 na zelen\u00e9 technologie d\u00e1l podporov\u00e1ny bez zbyte\u010dn\u00fdch blok\u00e1d, m\u016f\u017ee Evropa dos\u00e1hnout je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f a b\u00fdt glob\u00e1ln\u00edm l\u00eddrem v boji proti klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zelen\u00e1 dohoda, kter\u00e1 byla p\u0159edstavena p\u0159ed p\u011bti lety, b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto prezentov\u00e1na v negativn\u00edm sv\u011btle \u2013 jako politika, kter\u00e1 zpomaluje ekonomick\u00fd r\u016fst, omezuje podnik\u00e1n\u00ed a je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00e1kladn\u00e1. Mnoz\u00ed kritici ji…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":95,"featured_media":21632,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[26],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-21629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazeno","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/95"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21629"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21629\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21636,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21629\/revisions\/21636"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21632"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21629"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=21629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}