{"id":23334,"date":"2026-01-20T09:16:23","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T08:16:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=23334"},"modified":"2026-01-20T09:16:27","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T08:16:27","slug":"bohati-vlastnici-pudy-inkasuji-vetsinu-zemedelskych-dotaci-eu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/23334\/bohati-vlastnici-pudy-inkasuji-vetsinu-zemedelskych-dotaci-eu\/","title":{"rendered":"Bohat\u00ed vlastn\u00edci p\u016fdy inkasuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch dotac\u00ed EU"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Mal\u00e1 skupina bohat\u00fdch vlastn\u00edk\u016f p\u016fdy a pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch podnik\u016f si v r\u00e1mci Spole\u010dn\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 politiky Evropsk\u00e9 unie (SZP) p\u0159ivlast\u0148uje rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch dotac\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Podle ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f o platb\u00e1c<\/a>h SZP shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch organizac\u00ed Greenpeace z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 v n\u011bkter\u00fdch zem\u00edch nejbohat\u0161\u00ed 1 % p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016f a\u017e 40 % v\u0161ech vyplacen\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f. Anal\u00fdza vych\u00e1zela z ve\u0159ejn\u011b dostupn\u00fdch n\u00e1rodn\u00edch datab\u00e1z\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch podpor EU v \u0161esti hodnocen\u00fdch zem\u00edch (\u010cesko, D\u00e1nsko, N\u011bmecko, It\u00e1lie, Nizozemsko a \u0160pan\u011blsko).<\/p>\n\n

Evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed p\u0159itom \u010del\u00ed hlubok\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a environment\u00e1ln\u00ed krizi. V\u011bt\u0161inu farm\u00e1\u0159\u016f tvo\u0159\u00ed mal\u00ed a st\u0159edn\u00ed producenti vystaven\u00ed siln\u00fdm ekonomick\u00fdm tlak\u016fm. Rostouc\u00ed ceny vstup\u016f, zejm\u00e9na hnojiv a pesticid\u016f, spolu se silnou vyjedn\u00e1vac\u00ed pozic\u00ed velk\u00fdch maloobchodn\u00edch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f a potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch firem tla\u010d\u00ed jejich p\u0159\u00edjmy dol\u016f. Mnoho farm\u00e1\u0159\u016f je tak nuceno bu\u010f v\u00fdrazn\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159ovat v\u00fdrobu nebo s hospoda\u0159en\u00edm zcela skon\u010dit.<\/p>\n\n

Spole\u010dn\u00e1 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 politika je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dota\u010dn\u00ed program EU, p\u0159edstavuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b t\u0159etinu jej\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu. Vznikla s c\u00edlem stabilizovat p\u0159\u00edjmy zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f, podporovat venkov a zajistit potravinovou bezpe\u010dnost. Ve skute\u010dnosti v\u0161ak syst\u00e9m dotac\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b zv\u00fdhod\u0148uje velk\u00e9 podniky a vlastn\u00edky rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch pozemk\u016f, zat\u00edmco mal\u00ed a st\u0159edn\u00ed farm\u00e1\u0159i z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed na okraji. <\/p>\n\n

To se odrazilo i ve slo\u017een\u00ed a velikosti farem. Mezi lety 2007 a 2022 zanikly v Evropsk\u00e9 unii t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dva miliony mal\u00fdch komer\u010dn\u00edch farem<\/a>, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje pokles o 44 %. Spolu s nimi zaniklo i p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3,8 milionu pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst, kter\u00e1 na n\u011b byla p\u0159\u00edmo nav\u00e1z\u00e1na. Po\u010det megafarem se ve stejn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed naopka zv\u00fd\u0161il o 56 %.<\/p>\n\n

V\u011bt\u0161inu dotac\u00ed inkasuj\u00ed ti nejbohat\u0161\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Greenpeace prozkoumala datasety ze \u0161esti hodnocen\u00fdch zem\u00ed, aby identifikovala nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjemce podpory z SZP \u2013 tedy horn\u00edch 1\u202f%. V r\u00e1mci t\u00e9to kvalitativn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy se nav\u00edc podrobn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159ila na 100 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016f p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch plateb, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch dotac\u00ed a pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejkontroverzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejv\u00edce kritizovan\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje SZP.<\/p>\n\n

Je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee obraz, kter\u00fd tato hodnocen\u00ed poskytuj\u00ed, nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u00fd. Velk\u00e9 skupiny s n\u011bkolika dce\u0159in\u00fdmi spole\u010dnostmi se nemus\u00ed objevit mezi horn\u00edm 1\u202f% p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016f ani mezi 100 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjemci p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch plateb, pokud jejich dce\u0159in\u00e9 firmy dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed podporu evidovanou samostatn\u011b. Tak mohou velc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjemci z\u016fstat \u201emimo dohled\u201c. Potvrzuje se tak, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 platby prohlubuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmovou nerovnost v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a zt\u011b\u017euj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k p\u016fd\u011b nov\u00fdm a m\u00e9n\u011b majetn\u00fdm farm\u00e1\u0159\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n

Anal\u00fdza rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed plateb SZP v \u010cesku, D\u00e1nsku, N\u011bmecku, It\u00e1lii, Nizozemsku a \u0160pan\u011blsku potvrzuje extr\u00e9mn\u00ed koncentraci dotac\u00ed. Celkov\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee horn\u00edch 10 % p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016f inkasuje v pr\u016fm\u011bru p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 60 % v\u0161ech zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch podpor a horn\u00edch 20 % z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 80 % prost\u0159edk\u016f. Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 pen\u00edze tak \u010dasto kon\u010d\u00ed u nejbohat\u0161\u00edch jednotlivc\u016f a korporac\u00ed, z nich\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 byly spojeny s poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u00edch, environment\u00e1ln\u00edch \u010di pravidel ochrany zv\u00ed\u0159at. <\/p>\n\n

Jak je na tom \u010cesko?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Podle dat jde v \u010cesku jde 23 % zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch dotac\u00ed do rukou pouh\u00e9ho 1 % nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016f. 10 % nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 69 % a 20 % nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016f dokonce 83 % v\u0161ech pen\u011bz. To ukazuje, \u017ee podpora je v\u00fdrazn\u011b soust\u0159ed\u011bna do rukou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch vlastn\u00edk\u016f p\u016fdy a firem, zat\u00edmco mal\u00ed a st\u0159edn\u00ed farm\u00e1\u0159i z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed bez adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed pomoci.<\/p>\n\n

Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edjemcem dotac\u00ed, dle pou\u017eit\u00e9 metodiky byla v roce 2024 spole\u010dnost AGROFERT a.s., vlastn\u011bn\u00e1 Andrejem Babi\u0161em. Celkov\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka dotac\u00ed \u010dinila pro vybran\u00e9 firmy spadaj\u00edc\u00ed do koncernu AFGOFERT 414 milion\u016fm K\u010d. Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjemcem byla spole\u010dnost RABBIT CZ a.s., vlastn\u011bn\u00e1 Zde\u0148kem Jandejskem a Pavlem Navr\u00e1tilem. Tato spole\u010dnost z\u00edskala 209 milion\u016f K\u010d.<\/p>\n\n

Kritika spole\u010dn\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem sou\u010dasn\u00e9 Spole\u010dn\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 politiky je, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina prost\u0159edk\u016f se rozd\u011bluje formou plo\u0161n\u00fdch plateb zalo\u017een\u00fdch na v\u00fdm\u011b\u0159e p\u016fdy. Tento syst\u00e9m s minim\u00e1ln\u00edmi environment\u00e1ln\u00edmi a soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami zv\u00fdhod\u0148uje nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vlastn\u00edky p\u016fdy a podporuje industrializaci zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, co\u017e prohlubuje soci\u00e1ln\u00ed nerovnosti i ekologick\u00fd \u00fapadek. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u201ezjednodu\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed\u201c reformy SZP nav\u00edc oslabily environment\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u017eadavky, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se nespravedlnost syst\u00e9mu je\u0161t\u011b zv\u00fdraznila.<\/p>\n\n

Podle Greenpeace mus\u00ed b\u00fdt z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bnou odklon od plo\u0161n\u00fdch plateb, kter\u00e9 nep\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eej\u00ed k environment\u00e1ln\u00edm ani soci\u00e1ln\u00edm dopad\u016fm hospoda\u0159en\u00ed. Podpora by m\u011bla b\u00fdt poskytov\u00e1na t\u011bm farm\u00e1\u0159\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed pomoc, a m\u011bla by odm\u011b\u0148ovat skute\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos jejich \u010dinnost\u00ed \u2013 ochranu p\u016fdy, vody a biodiverzity, dobr\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky zv\u00ed\u0159at a d\u016fstojn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n\n

Reformovan\u00e1 SZP by m\u011bla aktivn\u011b podporovat p\u0159echod k \u0161etrn\u00fdm agroekologick\u00fdm postup\u016fm a zdrav\u00fdm ekosyst\u00e9m\u016fm. Farm\u00e1\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e hospoda\u0159\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u011b, by m\u011bli dost\u00e1vat podporu k zachov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch postup\u016f. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost je t\u0159eba v\u011bnovat podpo\u0159e mal\u00fdch a st\u0159edn\u00edch farm\u00e1\u0159\u016f, mlad\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f a venkovsk\u00fdch komunit, v\u010detn\u011b zachov\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

D\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed reformy mus\u00ed b\u00fdt op\u011btovn\u00e9 pos\u00edlen\u00ed environment\u00e1ln\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f SZP, kter\u00e9 byly oslabeny p\u0159edchoz\u00edmi reformami. Bez toho se syst\u00e9m zalo\u017een\u00fd na platb\u00e1ch za hektar st\u00e1v\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b nespravedliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a d\u00e1le po\u0161kozuje p\u0159\u00edrodu i klima.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mal\u00e1 skupina bohat\u00fdch vlastn\u00edk\u016f p\u016fdy a pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch podnik\u016f si v r\u00e1mci Spole\u010dn\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 politiky Evropsk\u00e9 unie (SZP) p\u0159ivlast\u0148uje rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch dotac\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":104,"featured_media":23335,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[24,22],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-23334","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-greenpeace","tag-aktivni-spolecnost","tag-setrimeplanetu","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23334","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/104"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23334"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23334\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23336,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23334\/revisions\/23336"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23334"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23334"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23334"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=23334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}