{"id":23474,"date":"2026-03-24T15:40:01","date_gmt":"2026-03-24T14:40:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=23474"},"modified":"2026-03-24T16:16:28","modified_gmt":"2026-03-24T15:16:28","slug":"kdyz-mizi-prales-mizi-i-jeho-strazci-kriticky-ohrozene-druhy-na-hrane-preziti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/23474\/kdyz-mizi-prales-mizi-i-jeho-strazci-kriticky-ohrozene-druhy-na-hrane-preziti\/","title":{"rendered":"Kdy\u017e miz\u00ed prales, miz\u00ed i jeho str\u00e1\u017eci: Kriticky ohro\u017een\u00e9 druhy na hran\u011b p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

K\u00e1cen\u00ed a vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed tropick\u00fdch prales\u016f nejsou jen ztr\u00e1tou \u010d\u00e1sti zelen\u00e9 d\u017eungle, ale poka\u017ed\u00e9 maj\u00ed dopad i na \u017eivot tamn\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at i rostlin. Dlouhodob\u00e9 odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed vedlo u mnoha druh\u016f i k dramatick\u00e9mu poklesu jejich populac\u00ed nebo i k jejich \u00fapln\u00e9mu vym\u0159en\u00ed. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee tempo odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed neust\u00e1v\u00e1, p\u0159irozen\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b se zmen\u0161uj\u00ed. I proto doch\u00e1z\u00ed  k \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm st\u0159et\u016fm mezi zv\u00ed\u0159aty a lidmi. <\/p>\n\n

Str\u00e1\u017eci prales\u016f jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Orangutani jsou nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm symbolem destrukce indon\u00e9sk\u00fdch prales\u016f. Na sv\u011bt\u011b \u017eij\u00ed celkem 3 poddruhy (bornejsk\u00fd, sumatersk\u00fd a tapanulijsk\u00fd). V\u0161echny se \u0159ad\u00ed mezi kriticky ohro\u017een\u00e9. Ub\u00fdv\u00e1 jim toti\u017e p\u0159irozen\u00fdch stanovi\u0161\u0165; jejich domovsk\u00fd prales se m\u011bn\u00ed na plant\u00e1\u017ee palmy olejn\u00e9. Na pokraji vyhynut\u00ed  je orangutan tapanulijsk\u00fd, ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 800 jedinc\u016f, soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00fdch do jedin\u00e9 oblasti na Sumat\u0159e. Pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 infrastrukturn\u00ed projekty a fragmentace lesa mohou tuto populaci rozd\u011blit natolik, \u017ee brzy ztrat\u00ed genetickou \u017eivotaschopnost.  Orangutani jsou mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00ed pro regeneraci lesa. D\u00edky konzumaci rozmanit\u00fdch plod\u016f a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9mu rozptylov\u00e1n\u00ed semen na velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k diverzifikovan\u00e9 skladb\u011b lesa. Bez jejich pomoci by se n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy strom\u016f \u0161\u00ed\u0159ily jen obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b. Ztr\u00e1ta orangutan\u016f tak neznamen\u00e1 jen ztr\u00e1tu jednoho druhu, ale naru\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9 obnovy lesa.
<\/p>\n\n

\"\"
\u00a9 Ulet Ifansasti<\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Tygr sumatersk\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Tygr sumatersk\u00fd je posledn\u00edm p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edm tygrem Indon\u00e9sie. Odhady hovo\u0159\u00ed o m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 400 jedinc\u00edch. Odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed zmen\u0161uje jeho teritorium a tygr je vytla\u010dov\u00e1n k lidsk\u00fdm s\u00eddl\u016fm, kde je v\u011bt\u0161inou zast\u0159elen. Tygr je vrcholov\u00fd pred\u00e1tor. Jeho p\u0159\u00edtomnost reguluje populaci kopytn\u00edk\u016f a udr\u017euje rovnov\u00e1hu v potravn\u00ed s\u00edti. Jeho vymizen\u00ed by vedlo k \u0159et\u011bzov\u00fdm ekologick\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m, hlavn\u011b k p\u0159emno\u017een\u00ed jeho ko\u0159isti, kter\u00e1 by pak p\u00e1chala \u0161kody na vegetaci.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Stromov\u00ed klokani<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Stromov\u00ed klokani jsou unik\u00e1tn\u00ed va\u010dnatci p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed \u017eivotu ve stromov\u00e9m baldach\u00fdnu tropick\u00fdch les\u016f \u2013 na rozd\u00edl od sv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch suchozemsk\u00fdch klokan\u016f tr\u00e1v\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu \u010dasu vysoko v korun\u00e1ch strom\u016f. Celosv\u011btov\u011b je zn\u00e1mo 14 druh\u016f a v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich \u017eije pouze na ostrov\u011b Nov\u00e1 Guinea. Prudce jich ale ub\u00fdv\u00e1. Nejv\u00edce je ohro\u017euje ztr\u00e1ta biomu, ale i lov. Stromov\u00ed klokani pro svoji ob\u017eivu i \u00fakryt pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed star\u00e9, struktur\u00e1ln\u011b komplexn\u00ed lesy, co\u017e jim nov\u011b vys\u00e1zen\u00e9 plant\u00e1\u017ee palmy olejn\u00e9 nebo t\u011b\u017ebou naru\u0161en\u00fd les neposkytuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

\"Tree
\u00a9 Greenpeace \/ Tom Jefferson<\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Velik\u00e1ni africk\u00fdch prales\u016f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Slon pralesn\u00ed je vlastn\u011b men\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdm slona africk\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd se p\u0159izp\u016fsobil \u017eivotu v prales\u00edch. \u017dij\u00ed v rodinn\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch \u010d\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00edch kolem dvaceti jedinc\u016f. Tito milovn\u00edci ovoce, \u201emega-zahradn\u00edci\u201c, hraj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou roli ve formov\u00e1n\u00ed lesa. Proto\u017ee se pod\u00edl\u00ed na \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed semen strom\u016f po obrovsk\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hrozbu p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed a ztr\u00e1ta p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, vedouc\u00ed k fragmentaci jeho v\u00fdskytu. Dnes sloni pralesn\u00ed ob\u00fdvaj\u00ed pouze asi 25 % sv\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho are\u00e1lu a jejich populace za posledn\u00ed stolet\u00ed poklesla o v\u00edce ne\u017e 80 %<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

\"Tesso
\u00a9 Ardiles Rante \/ Greenpeace<\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Gorily<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Gorily pat\u0159\u00ed k nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm prim\u00e1t\u016fm na sv\u011bt\u011b a pat\u0159\u00ed mezi na\u0161e bl\u00edzk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9. Ob\u00fdvaj\u00ed tropick\u00e9 lesy st\u0159edn\u00ed Afriky. P\u0159esto\u017ee jsou symbolem s\u00edly, ve skute\u010dnosti jde o m\u00edrumilovn\u00e9 b\u00fdlo\u017eravce \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v rodinn\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch veden\u00fdch dominantn\u00edm samcem. Jejich \u017eivot je \u00fazce spjat\u00fd s hust\u00fdmi de\u0161tn\u00fdmi pralesy, kde tr\u00e1v\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu dne hled\u00e1n\u00edm potravy, odpo\u010dinkem a p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed o ml\u00e1\u010fata. Z hlediska ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody je jejich situace velmi v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1. T\u0159i ze \u010dty\u0159 poddruh\u016f goril jsou kriticky ohro\u017een\u00e9. Nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je gorila nigerijsk\u00e1 s pouh\u00fdmi 250\u2013300 jedinci. \u0160kod\u00ed jim hlavn\u011b ni\u010den\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nemoc\u00ed. Budoucnost goril tak z\u00e1vis\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na ochran\u011b africk\u00fdch prales\u016f a pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n\n

\"Gorilla
\u00a9 Greenpeace \/ John Novis<\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Ochuzen\u00e1 budoucnost <\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Velc\u00ed savci nejsou jen \u201echarismatick\u00e9 druhy\u201c pro ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 kampan\u011b. Jsou ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pralesa, jejich\u017e ztr\u00e1ta by se projevila na v\u00edce rovin\u00e1ch. Kdy\u017e zmiz\u00ed sloni, zm\u011bn\u00ed se struktura pralesa. Kdy\u017e zmiz\u00ed velc\u00ed prim\u00e1ti, n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy strom\u016f se p\u0159estanou efektivn\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159it. Kdy\u017e zmiz\u00ed vrcholov\u00ed pred\u00e1to\u0159i, naru\u0161\u00ed se potravn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165. Destrukce prales\u016f tak neznamen\u00e1 jen pokles po\u010detnosti nebo ztr\u00e1tu ur\u010dit\u00fdch druh\u016f zv\u00ed\u0159at, ale p\u0159em\u011bnu cel\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f do ochuzen\u00fdch, fragmentovan\u00fdch krajin. A s ka\u017ed\u00fdm vyhynul\u00fdm druhem se nen\u00e1vratn\u011b uzav\u00edr\u00e1 i jedine\u010dn\u00e1 evolu\u010dn\u00ed historie, kter\u00e1 trvala miliony let.<\/p>\n\n

\"Aerial
\u00a9 Marizilda Cruppe \/ Greenpeace<\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Zv\u00ed\u0159ata nejsou vedlej\u0161\u00ed ob\u011bt\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9ho r\u016fstu. Jsou p\u0159\u00edmou ob\u011bt\u00ed modelu, kter\u00fd up\u0159ednost\u0148uje kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fd zisk p\u0159ed dlouhodobou stabilitou planety. Pokud bude k\u00e1cen\u00ed pokra\u010dovat sou\u010dasn\u00fdm tempem, mnoh\u00e9 z t\u011bchto druh\u016f nep\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed generaci.<\/p>\n\n

Pomozte n\u00e1m chr\u00e1nit pralesy, podepi\u0161te petici na jejich ochranu na spolupropralesy.cz<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u00e1cen\u00ed a vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed tropick\u00fdch prales\u016f nejsou jen ztr\u00e1tou \u010d\u00e1sti zelen\u00e9 d\u017eungle, ale poka\u017ed\u00e9 maj\u00ed dopad i na \u017eivot tamn\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at i rostlin. Dlouhodob\u00e9 odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed vedlo u mnoha druh\u016f i k…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":84,"featured_media":23475,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"Tropical Forests","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"Forests","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[30,2],"tags":[17],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-23474","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-greenpeace","category-priroda","tag-lesy-pralesy","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23474","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/84"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23474"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23474\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23483,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23474\/revisions\/23483"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23475"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23474"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23474"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23474"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=23474"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}