{"id":23609,"date":"2026-05-05T09:19:14","date_gmt":"2026-05-05T08:19:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=23609"},"modified":"2026-05-05T09:19:16","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T08:19:16","slug":"valka-v-iranu-odhalila-starou-slabinu-zavislost-eu-na-fosilnich-palivech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/23609\/valka-v-iranu-odhalila-starou-slabinu-zavislost-eu-na-fosilnich-palivech\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00e1lka v\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nu odhalila starou slabinu: z\u00e1vislost EU na fosiln\u00edch palivech"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Americko-izraelsk\u00fd \u00fatok na \u00cdr\u00e1n zp\u016fsobil Evrop\u011b jen za prvn\u00edch 52 dn\u00ed dodate\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady 24 miliard eur. Ropn\u00e9 firmy mezit\u00edm hl\u00e1s\u00ed rekordn\u00ed zisky. \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed existuje \u2013 vyzkou\u0161eli jsme ho v roce 2022 a pokazili. Te\u010f m\u00e1me druhou \u0161anci.<\/h4>\n\n

V\u00e1lka v\u00a0\u00cdr\u00e1nu a\u00a0uzav\u0159en\u00ed Hormuzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016flivu jsou t\u0159et\u00edm velk\u00fdm ot\u0159esem glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiky za \u0161est let\u00a0\u2013 po pandemii covid-19\u00a0a\u00a0rusk\u00e9 invazi na Ukrajinu. Spole\u010dn\u00fd jmenovatel je poka\u017ed\u00e9 stejn\u00fd: p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1vislost Evropy na dovozu fosiln\u00edch paliv, kter\u00e1 se jako struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed slabina naplno projevuje p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed krizi.<\/p>\n\n

Evropsk\u00e1 unie dov\u00e1\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 57 % sv\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 spot\u0159eby, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ve form\u011b ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu, a ro\u010dn\u011b za n\u011b plat\u00ed zhruba 340 miliard eur. Naru\u0161en\u00ed dod\u00e1vek p\u0159es Hormuzsk\u00fd pr\u016fliv, kudy proud\u00ed p\u011btina sv\u011btov\u00e9 ropy a LNG, tak b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika t\u00fddn\u016f zv\u00fd\u0161ilo evropsk\u00e9 n\u00e1klady o des\u00edtky miliard eur.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"
\u00a9 Greenpeace \/ Jakub \u0160edy<\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Windfall tax – cesta z krize?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Zat\u00edmco si fosiln\u00ed korporace p\u0159ipisuj\u00ed rekordn\u00ed zisky, lid\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d Evropou se mus\u00ed vypo\u0159\u00e1dat se zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edmi se n\u00e1klady na \u017eivot. Podle studie zadan\u00e9 Greenpeace N\u011bmecko vyd\u011blaly ropn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v \u010cesku za uplynul\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc na pohonn\u00fdch hmot\u00e1ch o 63,7 milionu korun denn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e obvykle; na \u00farovni EU to za b\u0159ezen p\u0159edstavovalo 2,5 miliardy eur dodate\u010dn\u00fdch zisk\u016f. Studie z\u00e1rove\u0148 upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed mar\u017e\u00ed u nafty v \u010cesku p\u0159ed\u010dilo v\u011bt\u0161inu zem\u00ed regionu a odpov\u00eddalo \u00farovni zem\u00ed s v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kupn\u00ed silou. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny energi\u00ed se p\u0159itom postupn\u011b prom\u00edtaj\u00ed do cen zbo\u017e\u00ed a slu\u017eeb.<\/p>\n\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 debata o energetice se st\u00e1le soust\u0159ed\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na kr\u00e1tkodobou cenu pro spot\u0159ebitele. M\u00e9n\u011b pozornosti se v\u011bnuje odolnosti syst\u00e9mu v\u016f\u010di vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u0161ok\u016fm. Bez n\u00ed se prohlubuj\u00ed nerovnosti a roste riziko propadu do energetick\u00e9 chudoby, kdy lid\u00e9 mus\u00ed volit mezi placen\u00edm za energie a dal\u0161\u00edmi z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi pot\u0159ebami.<\/p>\n\n

Dosavadn\u00ed reakce politik\u016f ukazuj\u00ed limity d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed. Zastropov\u00e1n\u00ed cen \u010di sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed dan\u00ed mohou kr\u00e1tkodob\u011b ulevit, ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed ale p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu probl\u00e9mu. Podobn\u011b windfall tax zaveden\u00e1 po krizi v roce 2022 nep\u0159inesla o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd efekt \u2013 v\u00fdb\u011br byl v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, mimo jin\u00e9 kv\u016fli odklad\u016fm a p\u0159esun\u016fm zisk\u016f do jin\u00fdch jurisdikc\u00ed. V \u010cesku to ud\u011blala nap\u0159\u00edklad skupina EPH, kter\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st zisk\u016f p\u0159esunula do \u0160v\u00fdcarska; ne\u00fam\u011brn\u011b velk\u00fd d\u00edl v\u00fdnosu p\u0159i\u0161el od st\u00e1tem vlastn\u011bn\u00e9ho \u010cEZ, zat\u00edmco p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek soukrom\u00fdch firem z\u016fstal margin\u00e1ln\u00ed. Pokud maj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje fungovat, vy\u017eaduj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed koordinaci na evropsk\u00e9 \u00farovni a promy\u0161len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed design.<\/p>\n\n

Debata o zdan\u011bn\u00ed energetick\u00e9ho sektoru tak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 otev\u0159en\u00e1. P\u0159i sazb\u011b 60 % by trval\u00e1 da\u0148 z nadm\u011brn\u00fdch zisk\u016f v energetick\u00e9m sektoru vyn\u00e1\u0161ela 2,2 a\u017e 2,3 miliardy eur ro\u010dn\u011b, p\u0159i plo\u0161n\u00e9m zaveden\u00ed a\u017e 9 a\u017e 10 miliard eur \u2013 v \u010desk\u00fdch pom\u011brech des\u00edtky miliard korun ro\u010dn\u011b. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 p\u0159itom nen\u00ed jen fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed str\u00e1nka. Stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, jak budou p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy vyu\u017eity \u2013 zejm\u00e9na zda podpo\u0159\u00ed investice do infrastruktury a ochranu zraniteln\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

\u010cesko zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 tam, kde ho to nejv\u00edc bol\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska se jako nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1stroj posilov\u00e1n\u00ed odolnosti ukazuje diverzifikace zdroj\u016f a rozvoj dom\u00e1c\u00ed energetiky. Obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje, zejm\u00e9na v\u011btrn\u00e1 a sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie, sni\u017euj\u00ed z\u00e1vislost na dovozu a tlum\u00ed cenov\u00e9 v\u00fdkyvy. Zku\u0161enost posledn\u00edch let ukazuje, \u017ee zem\u011b s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm zastoupen\u00edm obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f \u010del\u00ed cenov\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b \u2013 v roce 2025 pokryly obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje v Evrop\u011b 47 % v\u00fdroby elekt\u0159iny. V \u010cesku v\u0161ak v\u011btrn\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed pouh\u00e9 1 % spot\u0159eby, p\u0159esto\u017ee pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u00e1kladov\u011b nejefektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zdroje a vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed v noci i v zim\u011b, tedy tehdy, kdy plynov\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny ur\u010duj\u00ed cenu na trhu. Spolu s energetick\u00fdmi \u00fasporami p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed jednu z cest, jak stabilizovat ceny i v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu.<\/p>\n\n

Opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se krize nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee nejde o v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti, ale o nov\u00fd standard. Evropa n\u00e1stroje ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed sv\u00e9 zranitelnosti m\u00e1. Tak\u017ee nakonec jde o to, jestli je dok\u00e1\u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edt d\u0159\u00edv, ne\u017e j\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed krize znovu vyraz\u00ed dech.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Americko-izraelsk\u00fd \u00fatok na \u00cdr\u00e1n zp\u016fsobil Evrop\u011b jen za prvn\u00edch 52 dn\u00ed dodate\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady 24 miliard eur. Ropn\u00e9 firmy mezit\u00edm hl\u00e1s\u00ed rekordn\u00ed zisky. \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed existuje \u2013 vyzkou\u0161eli jsme ho v roce 2022 a pokazili. Te\u010f m\u00e1me druhou…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":23553,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4,1],"tags":[20,26,25],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-23609","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","category-nezarazeno","tag-zmena-klimatu","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23609","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/72"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23609"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23609\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23611,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23609\/revisions\/23611"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23609"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23609"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23609"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=23609"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}