{"id":2483,"date":"2019-01-26T10:33:16","date_gmt":"2019-01-26T08:33:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/master.k8s.p4.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=2483"},"modified":"2022-01-12T14:24:44","modified_gmt":"2022-01-12T13:24:44","slug":"nemecko-by-melo-ukoncit-spalovani-uhli-v-roce-2038-ci-jiz-2035-jasny-plan-na-promenu-energetiky-potrebuje-i-cr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/tiskova-zprava\/2483\/nemecko-by-melo-ukoncit-spalovani-uhli-v-roce-2038-ci-jiz-2035-jasny-plan-na-promenu-energetiky-potrebuje-i-cr\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u011bmecko by m\u011blo ukon\u010dit spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed v roce 2038 \u010di ji\u017e 2035.\u00a0Jasn\u00fd pl\u00e1n na prom\u011bnu energetiky pot\u0159ebuje i \u010cR"},"content":{"rendered":"

V sobotu nad r\u00e1nem do\u0161lo k pr\u016flomu v ost\u0159e sledovan\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch n\u011bmeck\u00e9 \u201cuheln\u00e9 komise\u201d, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1sadn\u011b urychlit konec doby uheln\u00e9 v Evrop\u011b. P\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 a p\u0159edstavitelky spolkov\u00fdch zem\u00ed historicky spojen\u00fdch s t\u011b\u017ebou a spalov\u00e1n\u00edm uhl\u00ed, se spolu se z\u00e1stupci pr\u016fmyslu, odbor\u016f a ekologick\u00fdch organizac\u00ed po 20 hodin\u00e1ch z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9ho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed dohodli na kompromisu – N\u011bmecko by podle nich m\u011blo opustit t\u011b\u017ebu a spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed k roku 2038 a pokud to p\u016fjde, tak ji\u017e v roce 2035 [1]. Ji\u017e p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o deset let d\u0159\u00edve dojde k odstaven\u00ed v\u0161ech uheln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii, Francii, It\u00e1lii, Belgii, Holandsku, Rakousku nebo skandin\u00e1vsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch [2].<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cUheln\u00e9\u201d spolkov\u00e9 zem\u011b cht\u011bli rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 dotace na restrukturalizaci ekonomiky (60 miliard euro b\u011bhem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch t\u0159iceti let) [3]. Komise se nakonec shodla na 40 miliard\u00e1ch. P\u016fvodn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh byl ukon\u010dit t\u011b\u017ebu a spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed postupn\u011b do roku 2040. I to bylo sice v\u00fdrazn\u011b d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e jsou pl\u00e1ny uheln\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, ale pro spln\u011bn\u00ed Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 dohody a zastaven\u00ed zm\u011bny klimatu na relativn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 \u00farovni to nesta\u010d\u00ed [4]. Ekologick\u00e9 organizace a progresivn\u00ed pr\u016fmysl naopak h\u00e1jily odstaven\u00ed uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren do roku 2030. To je podle propo\u010dt\u016f respektovan\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f z Fraunhofer-Institut f\u00fcr Energiewirtschaft und Energiesystemtechnik realistick\u00e9 i p\u0159i odstaven\u00ed jadern\u00fdch blok\u016f v roce 2022 [5]. Komise se shodla tak\u00e9 na tom, \u017ee ji\u017e v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch \u010dty\u0159ech letech bude odstaveno 12 GW instalovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren, co\u017e je o dost v\u00edce, ne\u017e je celkov\u00fd instalovan\u00fd v\u00fdkon uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren v \u010cR.<\/p>\n

\"Action

Akce proti spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed v N\u011bmecku.<\/p><\/div>\n

Jedn\u00e1n\u00ed \u201cuheln\u00e9 komise\u201d od za\u010d\u00e1tku prov\u00e1zely velk\u00e9 demonstrace, na nich\u017e lid\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dali co nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed ukon\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na uhl\u00ed. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed bylo shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed pades\u00e1ti tis\u00edc lid\u00ed u velkolomu Hambach u Kol\u00edna nad R\u00fdnem, kde by t\u011b\u017eba uhl\u00ed zni\u010dila i cenn\u00fd les [6]. Rychl\u00fd konec spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch fosiln\u00edch paliv je nutn\u00fd pro zastaven\u00ed zm\u011bny klimatu na relativn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 \u00farovni, ke kter\u00e9mu se st\u00e1ty zav\u00e1zaly v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 dohod\u011b.<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika trp\u00ed tak jako N\u011bmecko probl\u00e9mem se z\u00e1vislost\u00ed na hn\u011bd\u00e9m uhl\u00ed. To \u00a0je v obou zem\u00edch hlavn\u00edm zdrojem zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed i emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. Sice zat\u00edm v\u016fbec nevyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me mo\u017enosti r\u016fstu obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f tak jako na\u0161i soused\u00e9, ale uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny m\u016f\u017eeme za\u010d\u00edt zav\u00edrat d\u00edky velk\u00e9mu p\u0159ebytku v\u00fdroby elekt\u0159iny. Podle v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016f expertn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 firmy Energynautics m\u016f\u017ee \u010cR realisticky odstavit i zbyl\u00e9 uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny do roku 2030, pokud vyu\u017eije slibn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti rozvoje obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f [7]. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed \u017eivotnosti jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren Dukovany a Temel\u00edn m\u016f\u017eeme skon\u010dit i s drahou a rizikovou jadernou energetikou, jestli\u017ee vyu\u017eijeme p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed k z\u00e1sadn\u00ed transformaci na\u0161\u00ed energetiky, jako ji prov\u00e1d\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00fd soused ve sv\u00e9 Energiewende.<\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1da a ministerstva v\u0161ak zat\u00edm nepln\u00ed ani v\u00fdslovn\u00e9 \u00fakoly dan\u00e9 St\u00e1tn\u00ed energetickou koncepc\u00ed \u010cR, jako je penalizace n\u00edzko\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 v\u00fdroby elekt\u0159iny z uhl\u00ed, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed energetick\u00e9 dan\u011b z uhl\u00ed \u010di pos\u00edlen\u00ed vlivu st\u00e1tu p\u0159i prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9 strategie v energetick\u00fdch firm\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed \u010di spoluvlastn\u00ed (jako je \u010cEZ \u010di \u010cEPS). Vedle toho nech\u00e1v\u00e1 stagnovat sektor obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie a nezvl\u00e1d\u00e1 sni\u017eovat pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V tomto roce v\u0161ak ministra Richarda Brabce \u010dek\u00e1 zkou\u0161ka v tom, zda odol\u00e1 tlaku majitel\u016f uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren na ud\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdjimek z nov\u00fdch limit\u016f pro zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed – o prvn\u00ed v\u00fdjimku (vypou\u0161t\u011bt v\u00edce oxid\u016f dus\u00edku a rtuti, ne\u017e ur\u010duje limit) aktu\u00e1ln\u011b \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 uheln\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna Chvaletice [8]. Vl\u00e1da by tak\u00e9 m\u011bla prosadit r\u016fst t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edch poplatk\u016f a energetick\u00e9 dan\u011b z uhl\u00ed, v novele z\u00e1kona o podporovan\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch a klimaticko-energetick\u00e9m pl\u00e1nu nastavit funk\u010dn\u00ed podporu dom\u00e1c\u00edch obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f [9] \u010di postavit se proti opakovan\u00e9mu pokusu o prodej dal\u0161\u00ed star\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny \u010cEZ ur\u010den\u00e9 k odstaven\u00ed Po\u010derad Pavlu Tyka\u010dovi. Znamenalo by to opakovat tent\u00fd\u017e strategicky chybn\u00fd postup s prodejem elektr\u00e1rny Chvaletice a pokra\u010dovat ve zbyte\u010dn\u00e9m zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed a pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00edm [10].<\/p>\n

Luk\u00e1\u0161 Hr\u00e1bek, tiskov\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed Greenpeace, \u0159ekl:<\/strong>
\u201cRok 2038 se m\u016f\u017ee \u010desk\u00fdm energetik\u016fm jako velmi brzk\u00fd term\u00edn, ve skute\u010dnosti je to ale v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b rozvinut\u00e9ho evropsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu pozd\u011b na \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd boj se zm\u011bnami klimatu. Stejn\u011b jako cel\u00e9 N\u011bmecko napnulo \u00fasil\u00ed k tomu, aby dos\u00e1hlo tohoto kompromisu, m\u011blo by napnout \u00fasil\u00ed, aby sv\u00e9ho c\u00edle dos\u00e1hlo d\u0159\u00edve. S\u00edl\u00edc\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 hnut\u00ed v N\u011bmecku bude proto nepochybn\u011b d\u00e1l aktivn\u00ed, aby tento proces urychlilo. Dobrou zpr\u00e1vou nicm\u00e9n\u011b je, \u017ee uheln\u00e1 komise u\u017e nyn\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159ila pot\u0159ebu ochr\u00e1nit jedine\u010dn\u00fd Hamba\u0161sk\u00fd les, kter\u00fd m\u011bl t\u011b\u017eb\u011b ustoupit.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Ji\u0159\u00ed Ko\u017eelouh, programov\u00fd \u0159editel Hnut\u00ed DUHA, \u0159ekl:
<\/strong>\u201cKonec uhl\u00ed v N\u011bmecku a\u017e v roce 2035 nebo dokonce 2038 nen\u00ed spln\u011bn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edm ekologick\u00fdch organizac\u00ed, jde o tvrd\u011b vyjednan\u00fd kompromis vyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e spolkov\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi, jejich\u017e ekonomika je s t\u011b\u017ebou a spalov\u00e1n\u00edm tohoto fosiln\u00edho paliva siln\u011b spojena. Av\u0161ak p\u0159esto je to zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zlom. Vzhledem k v\u00fdznamu N\u011bmecka nov\u00e1 dohoda urychl\u00ed celkov\u00fd odklon Evropy od uhl\u00ed. Proto takovou rozumnou dohodu pot\u0159ebujeme i v \u010cR, jinak se v budoucnu budeme topit ve smogu, d\u00e1l po\u0161kozovat klima a na\u0161e energetika se definitivn\u011b prom\u011bn\u00edme skanzen.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Edvard Sequens, energetick\u00fd konzultant Calla, doplnil:<\/strong>
\u201cN\u011bmecko pro\u0161lap\u00e1v\u00e1 cestu v nezbytn\u00e9 modernizaci energetiky. M\u016f\u017eeme se pou\u010dit, co d\u011blat jinak a t\u0159ebas i l\u00e9pe. Ale \u00a0i my pot\u0159ebujeme rychlou a hlubokou prom\u011bnu na\u0161\u00ed energetiky, pokud opravdu chceme nejen sn\u00ed\u017eit zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, ale i osvobodit se od dovozn\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Pozn\u00e1mky:<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-germany-energy-coal\/germany-should-fully-phase-out-coal-by-2038-commission-idUSKCN1PK04L<\/a><\/p>\n

[2] Viz p\u0159ehlednou interaktivn\u00ed mapku na https:\/\/beyond-coal.eu\/data\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[3] https:\/\/www.greenpeace.de\/themen\/energiewende-fossile-energien\/kohle\/kohle-nur-gegen-kohle<\/a><\/p>\n

[4] https:\/\/climateanalytics.org\/briefings\/coal-phase-out-germany\/<\/a><\/p>\n

[5] https:\/\/www.greenpeace.de\/sites\/www.greenpeace.de\/files\/publications\/2030_kohlefrei_fraunhofer_iee_greenpeace.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[6] http:\/\/www.hnutiduha.cz\/aktualne\/v-nemecku-demonstruje-50-tisic-lidi-proti-kaceni-lesa-tezbe-uhli-pripojila-se-i-vyprava-z<\/a><\/p>\n

[7] http:\/\/glopolis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Czech-Grid-Without-Coal-By-2030_fin.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[8] https:\/\/www.ceskenoviny.cz\/zpravy\/elektrarna-chvaletice-chce-vyjimku-pro-emise-oxidu-dusiku-a-rtuti\/1707368<\/a><\/p>\n

[9] http:\/\/www.hnutiduha.cz\/aktualne\/ministerstvo-prumyslu-v-klimaticko-energetickem-planu-ignoruje-potencial-obnovitelnych<\/a><\/p>\n

[10] V roce 2017 Dozor\u010d\u00ed rada \u010cEZ odm\u00edtla prodej eletr\u00e1rny poprv\u00e9: http:\/\/www.hnutiduha.cz\/aktualne\/dozorci-rada-cez-prave-odmitla-prodej-uhelne-elektrarny-pocerady-pavlu-tykacovi<\/a><\/p>\n

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V sobotu nad r\u00e1nem do\u0161lo k pr\u016flomu v ost\u0159e sledovan\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch n\u011bmeck\u00e9 \u201cuheln\u00e9 komise\u201d, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1sadn\u011b urychlit konec doby uheln\u00e9 v Evrop\u011b. P\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 a p\u0159edstavitelky spolkov\u00fdch zem\u00ed historicky spojen\u00fdch…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":2486,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[26,25,34],"p4-page-type":[14],"class_list":["post-2483","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","tag-obnovitelne-zdroje","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","tag-uhelnakomise","p4-page-type-tiskova-zprava"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2483","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2483"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15976,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2483\/revisions\/15976"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2486"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2483"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=2483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}