{"id":3575,"date":"2019-06-17T11:24:22","date_gmt":"2019-06-17T09:24:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/master.k8s.p4.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=3575"},"modified":"2019-11-06T10:37:42","modified_gmt":"2019-11-06T08:37:42","slug":"mame-sanci-na-vyssi-tezebni-poplatky-a-konec-cachru-s-penezi-na-rekultivace-navrhuje-to-novy-horni-zakon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/tiskova-analyza\/3575\/mame-sanci-na-vyssi-tezebni-poplatky-a-konec-cachru-s-penezi-na-rekultivace-navrhuje-to-novy-horni-zakon\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e1me \u0161anci na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed poplatky a konec \u010dachr\u016f s pen\u011bzi na rekultivace. Navrhuje to nov\u00fd horn\u00ed z\u00e1kon"},"content":{"rendered":"

Na jedn\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1dy se dnes kone\u010dn\u011b dostal zp\u011bt n\u00e1vrh novely horn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, kter\u00fd se n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t zm\u011bnil od doby, kdy opustil kancel\u00e1\u0159e Ministerstva pr\u016fmyslu a obchodu [1]. Fin\u00e1ln\u00ed verze obsahuje zru\u0161en\u00ed moratoria na zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edch poplatk\u016f, re\u00e1ln\u011b v\u0161ak budou moci vzr\u016fst \u00a0a\u017e od 1. ledna 2022 [2].<\/strong><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak uheln\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti budou muset do poloviny roku 2022 [3] ulo\u017eit povinn\u00e9 rezervy na rekultivace, sanace a \u0161kody po t\u011b\u017eb\u011b v hotovosti na speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010det. Doposud \u0161lo o fiktivn\u00ed pen\u00edze, kter\u00e9 byly n\u011bkde zaps\u00e1ny, nap\u0159\u00edklad ve form\u011b majetku. V nechvaln\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b OKD uhlobarona Zde\u0148ka Bakaly se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u00e9 pen\u00edze neexistuj\u00ed, majetek (nap\u0159\u00edklad d\u016fln\u00ed stroje) je nad\u00e1le bezcenn\u00fd, hotovosti je sm\u011b\u0161n\u011b m\u00e1lo, dal\u0161\u00ed t\u011b\u017eba ztr\u00e1tov\u00e1 a st\u00e1tu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 na krku zadlu\u017een\u00fd podnik a nezam\u011bstnanost.<\/p>\n

\"Velkolom

Velkolom B\u00edlina<\/p><\/div>\n

Hnut\u00ed<\/span> DUHA a Greenpeace v\u00edtaj\u00ed zru\u0161en\u00ed nesyst\u00e9mov\u00e9ho a pro st\u00e1t nev\u00fdhodn\u00e9ho moratoria. Kritizuj\u00ed v\u0161ak zbyte\u010dn\u00fd odklad platnosti mo\u017en\u00e9ho zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed na rok 2022. Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi poplatky u hn\u011bd\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed st\u00e1t p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed o miliardu korun [4]. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edch a elektr\u00e1rensk\u00fdch firem Pavla Tyka\u010de pak doch\u00e1z\u00ed k odlivu ob\u0159\u00edch dividend do da\u0148ov\u00fdch r\u00e1j\u016f [5]. Tomu by m\u011bla vl\u00e1da zabr\u00e1nit, stejn\u011b jako tomu, aby Tyka\u010dovi prodal \u010cEZ nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010deskou uhelnou elektr\u00e1rnu Po\u010derady, a mohl tak \u00a0vys\u00e1vat dal\u0161\u00ed ziskovou firmu [6].<\/p>\n

Hnut\u00ed<\/span> DUHA a Greenpeace v\u00edtaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz na rekultivace po t\u011b\u017eb\u011b na speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010det v hotovosti. Dosavadn\u00ed \u00faprava umo\u017e\u0148ovala za rezervy vyd\u00e1vat majetek, kter\u00fd po ukon\u010den\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby ztr\u00e1c\u00ed hodnotu a hotovost odl\u00e9vat z firem pry\u010d. To je nejen p\u0159\u00edpad OKD a Zde\u0148ka Bakaly [7], ale tak\u00e9 privatizace Mosteck\u00e9 uheln\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, kde miliardy ur\u010den\u00e9 na rekultivace nap\u0159ed ode\u0161ly do zahrani\u010d\u00ed a pak pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b poslou\u017eily pro k nez\u00e1konn\u00e9mu p\u0159evzet\u00ed spole\u010dnosti od st\u00e1tu [8].<\/p>\n

Ulo\u017een\u00ed rezerv na speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010det do poloviny roku 2022 je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, nebo\u0165 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b firmy Severn\u00ed energetick\u00e1 (ze skupiny Pavla Tyka\u010de) dojde k uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed velkolomu \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy ji\u017e v roce 2024. Firma minul\u00e9 pond\u011bl\u00ed potvrdila, \u017ee vzd\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00a0prolomen\u00ed limit\u016f t\u011b\u017eby [8]. Pokud by datum bylo pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pak by st\u00e1t velmi riskoval, \u017ee mu op\u011bt zbyde bezcenn\u00e1 firma vys\u00e1t\u00e1 p\u0159edt\u00edm soukrom\u00fdm majitelem.<\/p>\n

Ji\u0159\u00ed Ko\u017eelouh, programov\u00fd \u0159editel Hnut\u00ed<\/span>\u00a0DUHA, \u0159ekl:<\/b>
\n\u201cPokud vl\u00e1da n\u00e1vrh dnes schv\u00e1l\u00ed, tak se otev\u00edr\u00e1 \u0161ance, \u017ee se skute\u010dn\u011b zvednou n\u00edzk\u00e9 poplatky z vyt\u011b\u017een\u00e9ho hn\u011bd\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed a bude m\u00e9n\u011b zisku ze st\u00e1tn\u00edho majetku odt\u00e9kat na konta v da\u0148ov\u00fdch r\u00e1j\u00edch. Odklad zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed poplatku v\u0161ak okr\u00e1d\u00e1 st\u00e1t o miliardu korun ro\u010dn\u011b, jen co se t\u00fdk\u00e1 hn\u011bd\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eitou zm\u011bnu znamen\u00e1 tak\u00e9 povinnost hn\u011bdouheln\u00fdch firem slo\u017eit hotovost na rekultivace do konce roku 2022. Budeme velmi bedliv\u011b sledovat dal\u0161\u00ed projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kona, nebo\u0165 se otev\u00edr\u00e1 posledn\u00ed \u0161ance zabr\u00e1nit Pavlu Tyka\u010dovi, aby ode\u0161el z hostiny bez zaplacen\u00ed \u00fa\u010dtu, tedy tak, jako to ud\u011blal Zden\u011bk Bakala.\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n

Luk\u00e1\u0161 Hr\u00e1bek, tiskov\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed Greenpeace \u010cR:<\/b>
\n\u201cKdy\u017e se p\u0159ed volbami rozho\u0159ela kauza lithium, ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 debat\u011b se objevila spousta zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch informac\u00ed. Na p\u0159\u00edkladu lithia se ov\u0161em alespo\u0148 poda\u0159ilo pouk\u00e1zat na sm\u011b\u0161n\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed poplatky, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bl st\u00e1t zvednout, aby nerozd\u00e1val sv\u00e9 nerostn\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed za hubi\u010dku. Doufali jsme, \u017ee moratorium na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed poplatk\u016f zru\u0161\u00ed vl\u00e1da co nejd\u0159\u00edve, ale bohu\u017eel nechce kv\u016fli tomu j\u00edt do otev\u0159en\u00e9ho sporu s t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i. Oproti tomu n\u00e1vrh, aby pen\u00edze na rekultivace po t\u011b\u017eb\u011b byly p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 v hotovosti na speci\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00fa\u010dtu, je skv\u011bl\u00fd. Dlouhodob\u011b jsme upozor\u0148ovali na to, \u017ee znovu hroz\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 Bakala, tentokr\u00e1t v severn\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch. Tento krok by m\u011bl podobn\u00e9mu pr\u016f\u0161vihu zabr\u00e1nit.\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pozn\u00e1mky:<\/b><\/p>\n

[1] N\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kon z doby ministra Tom\u00e1\u0161e H\u00fcnera nejd\u0159\u00edve obsahoval zru\u0161en\u00ed moratoria, po n\u00e1stupu ministryn\u011b Marty Nov\u00e1kov\u00e9 bylo moratorium vr\u00e1ceno. Na vl\u00e1d\u011b 18. \u00fanora 2019 v\u0161ak tento n\u00e1vrh nepro\u0161el, proti se postavila ministryn\u011b financ\u00ed Alena Schillerov\u00e1. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku dubna se n\u00e1vrh novely op\u011bt zm\u011bnil na okam\u017eit\u00e9 \u0161krtnut\u00ed moratoria. N\u00e1sledn\u011b do\u0161lo k jedn\u00e1n\u00ed mezi premi\u00e9rem Andrejem Babi\u0161em a t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i. V\u00fdsledkem je zru\u0161en\u00ed moraria s odlo\u017eenou platnost\u00ed, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed doby na slo\u017een\u00ed pen\u011bz na rekultiva\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010det.<\/p>\n

[2] Novela moratorium ru\u0161\u00ed, ale p\u0159echodn\u00e9 ustanoven \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee a\u017e do 31.12.2021 plat\u00ed t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed poplatky, i kdyby je vl\u00e1da do tohoto data nav\u00fd\u0161ila.<\/p>\n

[3] Novela rozli\u0161uje spole\u010dnosti t\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed uhl\u00ed, ropu a plyn, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed tuto povinnost splnit do poloviny roku 2022. Ostatn\u00ed t\u011b\u017ea\u0159i na to maj\u00ed a\u017e do poloviny roku 2025.<\/p>\n

[4] Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed poplatky \u010din\u00ed cca 500 mil. Ro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159i sazb\u011b cca 3,5 % z tr\u017en\u00ed ceny, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed na 10 % by znamenalo p\u0159\u00edjem st\u00e1tu na \u00farovni 1,5 miliardy ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n

[5] Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 anal\u00fdza v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v hn\u011bdouheln\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee v letech 2009-2017 vyplatily soukrom\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eebn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 25 miliard dividend sv\u00fdm majitel\u016fm (z toho 22 miliard firmy b\u00fdval\u00e9 Mosteck\u00e9 uheln\u00e9 Pavla Tyka\u010de sv\u00e9 mate\u0159sk\u00e9 firm\u011b v da\u0148ov\u00e9m r\u00e1ji na Kypru). Kdyby v letech 2009-2017 tvo\u0159ily poplatky 10 % tr\u017en\u00ed ceny (a ne jen 1,5 % do roku 2016 a cca 3,5 % od roku 2017), v\u00fdnosy st\u00e1tu by byly o 15 miliard K\u010d vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed (z toho 7,5 miliard od soukrom\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed). Majitel\u00e9 by se p\u0159itom st\u00e1le t\u011b\u0161ili ze zisku a rozhodn\u011b nemuseli propou\u0161t\u011bt zam\u011bstnance.
\nhttp:\/\/www.hnutiduha.cz\/sites\/default\/files\/publikace\/2019\/02\/shrnuti_analyzy_vz_hnedouhelnych_spolecnosti_2009-2017.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

[6]\u00a0http:\/\/hnutiduha.cz\/aktualne\/hrozi-zdenek-bakala-cislo-2-pavel-tykac-snizuje-mzdy-ve-vrsanske-uhelne-vysava-miliardy<\/a><\/p>\n

[7]\u00a0http:\/\/ceskapozice.lidovky.cz\/okd-nemaji-penize-na-rekultivaci-zakon-nejspis-neporusily-paa-\/tema.aspx?c=A160630_231407_pozice-tema_houd<\/a><\/p>\n

[8]\u00a0https:\/\/www.euro.cz\/archiv\/kdyz-se-lakovalo-uhli-1050093<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na jedn\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1dy se dnes kone\u010dn\u011b dostal zp\u011bt n\u00e1vrh novely horn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, kter\u00fd se n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t zm\u011bnil od doby, kdy opustil kancel\u00e1\u0159e Ministerstva pr\u016fmyslu a obchodu [1]. Fin\u00e1ln\u00ed verze obsahuje zru\u0161en\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":2295,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[25],"p4-page-type":[33],"class_list":["post-3575","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","p4-page-type-tiskova-analyza"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3575","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3575"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3575\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3577,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3575\/revisions\/3577"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2295"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3575"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3575"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3575"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=3575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}