{"id":4084,"date":"2019-08-28T11:44:40","date_gmt":"2019-08-28T09:44:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/master.k8s.p4.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=4084"},"modified":"2019-11-06T10:37:34","modified_gmt":"2019-11-06T08:37:34","slug":"plovouci-jaderna-elektrarna-v-odlehle-arktide-priserny-napad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/4084\/plovouci-jaderna-elektrarna-v-odlehle-arktide-priserny-napad\/","title":{"rendered":"Plovouc\u00ed jadern\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna v odlehl\u00e9 Arktid\u011b? P\u0159\u00ed\u0161ern\u00fd n\u00e1pad"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nen\u00ed to vtip. Nen\u00ed to science fiction. Opravdu n\u011bkdo um\u00edstil jadern\u00fd reaktor na lo\u010f a poslal ho do nehostinn\u00e9 Arktidy. Prvn\u00ed plovouc\u00ed jadern\u00fd reaktor je zhovadilost, p\u0159esto se pomalu st\u00e1v\u00e1 realitou. Rusk\u00e1 st\u00e1tn\u00ed jadern\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Rosatom spou\u0161t\u00ed provoz reaktoru na lodi Akademik Lomonosov, prvn\u00ed plovouc\u00ed jadernou elektr\u00e1rnu na sv\u011bt\u011b. Pl\u00e1nuje ov\u0161em, \u017ee podobn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren zprovozn\u00ed v\u00edce a bude je prod\u00e1vat do zem\u00ed jako \u010c\u00edna, Indon\u00e9sie \u010di Sud\u00e1n.
\n<\/strong>
\n<\/span>Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed a environment\u00e1ln\u00ed hrozby, kter\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 reaktory p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v drsn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch pol\u00e1rn\u00edch oblast\u00ed, jsou do o\u010d\u00ed bij\u00edc\u00ed. Rosatom tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee lo\u010f je navr\u017eena tak, aby byla nep\u0159emo\u017eiteln\u00e1 a naprosto bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 a aby vydr\u017eela v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed a pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed podm\u00ednky v\u010detn\u011b vln tsunami. Ale up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b\u2026 lod\u00ed, o kter\u00fdch se \u0159\u00edkalo, \u017ee jsou nepotopiteln\u00e9, jsme u\u017e v historii p\u00e1r m\u011bli. Dost \u010dasto te\u010f le\u017e\u00ed na dn\u011b oce\u00e1nu.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"World\u2019s

Plovouc\u00ed jadern\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna Akademik Lomonosov<\/p><\/div>\n

Nic nen\u00ed nep\u0159emo\u017eiteln\u00e9. A v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tohoto jadern\u00e9ho Titanicu na jeho stavbu nedohl\u00ed\u017eeli \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed nez\u00e1visl\u00ed experti. Ve skute\u010dnosti je konstrukce lodi a jej\u00edho trupu obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 zraniteln\u00e1 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b cyklon\u016f \u010di vln tsunami. Velk\u00e9 vlny mohou celou konstrukci vyplavit na pevninu. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se lo\u010f nem\u016f\u017ee sama od sebe h\u00fdbat. Pokud se uvoln\u00ed ze sv\u00e9ho kotvi\u0161t\u011b, vlny ji mohou un\u00e1\u0161et vst\u0159\u00edc p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ece – ledovci, skalisku \u010di dal\u0161\u00edmu plavidlu, a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem i k smrt\u00edc\u00ed nehod\u011b. Sr\u00e1\u017eka \u010di po\u0161kozen\u00ed lodi mohou v\u00e9st ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00edch funkc\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b chlazen\u00ed reaktoru, a tud\u00ed\u017e i k \u00faniku radioaktivn\u00edch l\u00e1tek do \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lo\u010f se m\u016f\u017ee potopit, zaplavit \u010di ztroskotat a v\u0161echny tyto mo\u017enosti mohou v\u00e9st k \u00faniku radioaktivn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nehody a poruchy chlazen\u00ed se maj\u00ed reaktory chladit okoln\u00ed mo\u0159skou vodou. To by byl ur\u010dit\u011b dobr\u00fd n\u00e1pad, kdyby v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se mo\u0159sk\u00e1 voda dostane do kontaktu s rozt\u00e9kaj\u00edc\u00edmi se palivov\u00fdmi \u010dl\u00e1nky, nedo\u0161lo k explozi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Po\u0161kozen\u00fd reaktor m\u016f\u017ee kontaminovat mo\u0159sk\u00fd \u017eivot ve sv\u00e9m okol\u00ed. V\u0161echny ryb\u00ed populace, kter\u00e9 by se dostaly do bl\u00edzkosti hav\u00e1rie, by byly kontaminovan\u00e9, a to minim\u00e1ln\u011b po des\u00edtky let. <\/span>Dok\u00e1\u017eete si v\u016fbec p\u0159edstavit, jak t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 by v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bylo se vypo\u0159\u00e1dat s n\u00e1sledky hav\u00e1rie? <\/span>\u00danik radioaktivity v Arktid\u011b nen\u00ed v\u016fbec hezk\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159. Okol\u00ed \u010cernobylu a Fuku\u0161imy bylo velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 od radioaktivn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu vy\u010distit; p\u0159edstavte si, \u017ee podobn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed by m\u011bli lid\u00e9 zopakovat v teplot\u00e1ch pod bodem mrazu a v arktick\u00fdch bou\u0159\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Akademik Lomonosov je prvn\u00ed plovouc\u00ed jadernou elektr\u00e1rnou sv\u00e9ho druhu, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt statick\u00e1, m\u00e1 kotvit u b\u0159ehu a m\u00e1 vyr\u00e1b\u011bt elekt\u0159inu pro klasickou p\u0159enosovou soustavu, ov\u0161em ji\u017e v minulosti byly jadern\u00e9 reaktory na mo\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k pohonu ponorek a ledoborc\u016f. A historie jejich pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed je pln\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00fdch nehod a hav\u00e1ri\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"World\u2019s

Protest Greenpeace proti plovouc\u00ed jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b a jej\u00edmu um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed v Arktid\u011b.<\/p><\/div>\n

\u00dapln\u011b prvn\u00ed jadern\u00fd ledoborec jm\u00e9nem Lenin m\u011bl v roce 1965 poruchu chlazen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vedla k \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9mu roztaven\u00ed j\u00e1dra. Po\u0161kozen\u00fd reaktor byl pak dva roky od incidentu vyhozen pobl\u00ed\u017e souostrov\u00ed Nov\u00e1 zem\u011b. V roce 1970 se s\u00e1m od sebe zapnul reaktor na ponorce K-320, \u010d\u00edm\u017e uvolnil velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed radiace, kter\u00e1 zas\u00e1hla stovky lid\u00ed. Nehoda p\u0159i dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed paliva do jin\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 ponorky v roce 1985 zas\u00e1hla 290 pracovn\u00edk\u016f, vy\u017e\u00e1dala si 10 \u017eivot\u016f a 49 zran\u011bn\u00ed. A takto bychom mohli pokra\u010dovat\u2026 <\/span>Pl\u00e1ny Rosatomu na vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00e9 flotily jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko, \u017ee se historie bude opakovat a \u017ee budeme sv\u011bdky nehod a hav\u00e1ri\u00ed v Arktid\u011b. <\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>Dal\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem jadern\u00e9 ponorky je vyho\u0159el\u00e9 palivo. Reaktory, kter\u00e9 Akademik Lomonosov pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, jsou mal\u00e9 a mus\u00ed se dopl\u0148ovat v\u017edy po dvou a\u017e t\u0159ech dnech. Vyho\u0159el\u00e9 palivo se m\u00e1 ukl\u00e1dat p\u0159\u00edmo na lodi a z\u016fstat zde po cel\u00fdch 12 let, kdy m\u00e1 b\u00fdt elektr\u00e1rna na jednom m\u00edst\u011b v provozu. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee radioaktivn\u00ed odpad nebude nikde \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b zaji\u0161t\u011bn, ale bude si 12 let plout na vln\u00e1ch. <\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>Ob\u010das se setk\u00e1me s n\u00e1zory, \u017ee jadern\u00e1 energie n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee pomoci ukon\u010dit spalov\u00e1n\u00ed fosiln\u00edch paliv. To ov\u0161em rozhodn\u011b nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad t\u00e9hle plovouc\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry. Hlavn\u00ed d\u016fvod, pro\u010d m\u00e1 p\u016fsobit v Arktid\u011b, jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b fosiln\u00ed paliva – m\u00e1 toti\u017e Rusku pomoci p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm s t\u011b\u017ebou ropy t\u00edm, \u017ee m\u00edstn\u00edmu t\u011b\u017ea\u0159sk\u00e9mu pr\u016fmyslu zajist\u00ed dostatek elektrick\u00e9 energie pro jeho rozvoj. Tak\u017ee krom\u011b v\u0161ech negativ spojen\u00fdch s provozem plovouc\u00edho reaktoru bychom je\u0161t\u011b mohli vyjmenovat v\u0161echna negativa spojen\u00e1 s t\u011b\u017ebou a spalov\u00e1n\u00edm fosiln\u00edch paliv p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm s ohledem na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed klimatickou krizi. Nepot\u0159ebujeme ani nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd plovouc\u00ed \u010cernobyl, ani nebezpe\u010dnou t\u011b\u017ebu ropy v pol\u00e1rn\u00edch oblastech. Pot\u0159ebujeme naopak ochr\u00e1nit panenskou p\u0159\u00edrodu Arktidy p\u0159ed hrozbami, kter\u00e9 ji ohro\u017euj\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ps\u00e1no pro Den\u00edk Referendum.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nen\u00ed to vtip. Nen\u00ed to science fiction. Opravdu n\u011bkdo um\u00edstil jadern\u00fd reaktor na lo\u010f a poslal ho do nehostinn\u00e9 Arktidy. Prvn\u00ed plovouc\u00ed jadern\u00fd reaktor je zhovadilost, p\u0159esto se pomalu st\u00e1v\u00e1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":4088,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[18,20,25],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-4084","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","tag-oceany","tag-zmena-klimatu","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4084","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4084"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4084\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4094,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4084\/revisions\/4094"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4088"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4084"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4084"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4084"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=4084"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}