{"id":4150,"date":"2019-09-12T15:29:54","date_gmt":"2019-09-12T13:29:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=4150"},"modified":"2019-11-06T10:37:32","modified_gmt":"2019-11-06T08:37:32","slug":"proc-nad-soucasnymi-pozary-v-amazonii-nemuzeme-mavnout-rukou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/4150\/proc-nad-soucasnymi-pozary-v-amazonii-nemuzeme-mavnout-rukou\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d nad sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi po\u017e\u00e1ry v Amazonii nem\u016f\u017eeme m\u00e1vnout rukou"},"content":{"rendered":"

Do centra pozornosti a do ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 debaty se po del\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b op\u011bt dostaly po\u017e\u00e1ry v amazonsk\u00e9m pralese, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v Braz\u00edlii, kde \u0159\u00e1d\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry na nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed plo\u0161e a je jich tam zdaleka nejv\u00edce. V \u010desk\u00e9m medi\u00e1ln\u00edm prostoru se pak za\u010daly objevovat \u010dl\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 jejich velikost za\u010daly bagatelizovat s t\u00edm, \u017ee v Amazonii ho\u0159\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok, leto\u0161ek nen\u00ed ni\u010d\u00edm v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd a \u017ee rozloha po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f je na dlouhodob\u00e9m pr\u016fm\u011bru. Dokonce se objevily i grafy, kter\u00e9 to maj\u00ed dokazovat. Kde je tedy pravda? Jsou leto\u0161n\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry jen dal\u0161\u00ed z mnoha? Nebo je to probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd mus\u00edme hned za\u010d\u00edt \u0159e\u0161it?<\/b><\/p>\n

Abychom pochopili, co se v Braz\u00edlii d\u011bje te\u010f, mus\u00edme se pod\u00edvat na v\u00fdvoj v posledn\u00edch des\u00edtk\u00e1ch let. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku stolet\u00ed bylo ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed tamn\u00edch prales\u016f na rekordn\u00edch hodnot\u00e1ch. Po\u017e\u00e1ry tehdy byly ka\u017ed\u00fd rok v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a ni\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e letos. Situace byla natolik v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee na z\u00e1klad\u011b mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho i dom\u00e1c\u00edho tlaku brazilsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da spolu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed p\u0159ijaly v roce 2006 s\u00e9rii opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou zn\u00e1my jako sojov\u00e9 moratorium. Byla stanovena hranice, za kterou pr\u016fmysl nesm\u011bl a prakticky ka\u017ed\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed k\u00e1cen\u00ed a vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed prales\u016f bylo od t\u00e9 doby ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed. A d\u00edky tomu se poda\u0159ilo odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezit – zhruba o 80 procent – a Braz\u00edlie byla prvn\u00ed zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 dok\u00e1zala m\u00edru odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed nejen zpomalit \u010di jej\u00ed r\u016fst zastavit, ale dokonce ji i \u0159e\u0161it. A opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b byla ostatn\u00edm zem\u00edm d\u00e1v\u00e1na za p\u0159\u00edklad.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Forest

Leto\u0161n\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry ve st\u00e1t\u011b Par\u00e1.<\/p><\/div>\n

\u010c\u00edsla hovo\u0159\u00ed jasn\u011b. Kdy\u017e v roce 2003 nastupoval do funkce prezident Lula da Silva, za jeho\u017e vl\u00e1dy bylo sojov\u00e9 moratorium p\u0159ijato, zmizelo p\u0159es 25 tis\u00edc kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch pralesa. V roce 2012, rok po odchodu prezidenta da Silvy z funkce rozloha vyk\u00e1cen\u00e9 plochy \u010dinila u\u017e \u201cjen\u201d 4600 kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

V posledn\u00edch letech se v\u0161ak Braz\u00edlie pot\u00fdkala s vleklou politickou kriz\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s korup\u010dn\u00edmi skand\u00e1ly, ekonomickou reces\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edmi dom\u00e1c\u00edmi probl\u00e9my a trend se za\u010dal obracet. Ochrana prales\u016f ji\u017e nebyla tak efektivn\u00ed a zele\u0148 za\u010dala op\u011bt mizet rychleji. Po n\u00e1stupu nov\u00e9ho prezidenta Jaira Bolsonara a jeho probyznysov\u00e9 politiky pak odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed za\u010dalo r\u016fst raketov\u00fdm tempem p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch. A kdy\u017e na to \u0159editel <\/span>N\u00e1rodn\u00edho institut pro v\u00fdzkum vesm\u00edru <\/span>Ricardo Magnus Osorio Galvao<\/span> upozornil, dostal od Bolsonara pad\u00e1ka.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ale vra\u0165me se je\u0161t\u011b k sojov\u00e9mu moratoriu. Spole\u010dn\u011b s k\u00e1cen\u00edm pokleslo po zaveden\u00ed tohoto opat\u0159en\u00ed i mno\u017estv\u00ed a intenzita po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f. Zde ov\u0161em nen\u00ed v\u00fdvoj tak z\u0159ejm\u00fd, kdy\u017e se pod\u00edv\u00e1te na grafy, proto\u017ee zde hraj\u00ed roli i jin\u00e9 faktory. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v letech 2007, 2010 a 2016 byly v tropick\u00fdch oblastech extr\u00e9mn\u011b such\u00e9 roky, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kv\u016fli klimatick\u00fdm jev\u016fm jako nap\u0159\u00edklad El Ni\u0148o. Proto kdy\u017e byla sez\u00f3na po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f, \u0161\u00ed\u0159ily se plameny rychleji a sn\u00e1ze. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b i tak je vid\u011bt, \u017ee je nesmysln\u00e9 argumentovat, \u017ee leto\u0161n\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry nejsou v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9, proto\u017ee jsou bl\u00edzko pr\u016fm\u011bru za posledn\u00edch 15 let. Proto\u017ee v posledn\u00edch 15 letech jsme tu m\u011bli obrovsk\u00e9 po\u017e\u00e1ry p\u0159ed zaveden\u00edm sojov\u00e9ho moratoria a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch such\u00fdch letech a oproti tomu men\u0161\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry po zaveden\u00ed moratoria. Kdy\u017e tato data zpr\u016fm\u011brujeme, m\u016f\u017ee to vypadat, \u017ee jsou leto\u0161n\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry v norm\u011b, ale ve skute\u010dnosti je to d\u016fkaz, \u017ee po\u017e\u00e1ry jsou letos v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a ni\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e doned\u00e1vna byly.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Leto\u0161n\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry jsou ji\u017e dnes nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed od roku 2010 a st\u00e1le ho\u0159\u00ed. Oproti minul\u00e9mu roku je to zat\u00edm n\u00e1r\u016fst o 120 procent. Mno\u017estv\u00ed registrovan\u00fdch po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f od za\u010d\u00e1tku roku se ji\u017e bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed hranici 100 tis\u00edc, ka\u017ed\u00fd den p\u0159ibude n\u011bkolik stovek dal\u0161\u00edch ohnisek. A d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee letos nen\u00ed such\u00fd rok a \u017ee ho\u0159\u00ed i vlhk\u00e9 oblasti tropick\u00e9ho de\u0161tn\u00e9ho lesa. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee prakticky v\u0161echny tyto po\u017e\u00e1ry museli zap\u00e1lit lid\u00e9, proto\u017ee de\u0161tn\u00fd les se z p\u0159irozen\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f s\u00e1m nezap\u00e1l\u00ed. Je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vlhk\u00fd a p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto zde pr\u0161\u00ed. Ten, kdo zde po\u017e\u00e1ry zap\u00e1lil, si musel d\u00e1t z\u00e1le\u017eet, aby se rozho\u0159ely. Kdyby byl such\u00fd rok, byla by rozloha sp\u00e1leni\u0161\u0165 dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e1 a srovnateln\u00e1 s nejhor\u0161\u00edmi po\u017e\u00e1ry ze za\u010d\u00e1tku stolet\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e1r\u016fst k\u00e1cen\u00ed a vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed prales\u016f v leto\u0161n\u00edm roce je zjevn\u00fd. A souvis\u00ed prokazateln\u011b s n\u00e1stupem nov\u00e9ho prezidenta Bolsonara do funkce. Bolsonaro se ji\u017e v kampani netajil t\u00edm, \u017ee chce Amazonsk\u00fd prales v\u00edce otev\u0159\u00edt obchodn\u00edm korporac\u00edm a \u017ee chce odejmout r\u016fzn\u00fdm oblastem status chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed. A to ani nestihl. Zat\u00edm vlastn\u011b se\u0161krtal rozpo\u010dty \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm, kter\u00e9 odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed hl\u00eddaj\u00ed, a sn\u00ed\u017eil pokuty za k\u00e1cen\u00ed a vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed pralesa. Zat\u00edm je to, co se v Amazonsk\u00e9m pralese d\u011bje, st\u00e1le naprosto ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed. Sojov\u00e9 moratorium je st\u00e1le v platnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Protest p\u0159ed brazilskou ambas\u00e1dou v Praze.<\/p><\/div>\n

Proti politice prezidenta Bolsonara se v Braz\u00edlii i za hranicemi zvedla vlna kritiky. A vypad\u00e1 to, \u017ee p\u0159ed tlakem ustupuje. Nejd\u0159\u00edve poslal do zasa\u017een\u00fdch oblast\u00ed na pomoc arm\u00e1du. A nyn\u00ed mluv\u00ed o tom, \u017ee \u201cenvironment\u00e1ln\u00ed zlo\u010diny\u201d (tedy ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u00e1cen\u00ed a vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed prales\u016f) bude trestat stejn\u011b tvrd\u011b jako jakoukoli jinou kriminalitu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V tlaku ale nesm\u00edme polevit. D\u016fvodem, pro\u010d jsou brazilsk\u00e9 pralesy vypalov\u00e1ny, je na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e1 v\u00fdroba. Uvol\u0148uj\u00ed m\u00edsto plant\u00e1\u017e\u00edm na s\u00f3ju, kterou se krm\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata, nebo se z nich st\u00e1vaj\u00ed pastviny pro dobytek. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee evrop\u0161t\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 kupuj\u00ed brazilsk\u00e9 hov\u011bz\u00ed nebo si d\u00e1vaj\u00ed maso ze zv\u00ed\u0159at z velkochov\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou krmeny sojou, odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed se bezprost\u0159edn\u011b t\u00fdk\u00e1 i n\u00e1s. I my m\u016f\u017eeme po\u017eadovat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ochranu Amazonsk\u00e9ho pralesa.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipojte se k v\u00fdzv\u011b M\u00e1\u0161 na m\u00ed\u0148 a vyzv\u011bte prezidenta Bolsonara, aby zamezil dal\u0161\u00ed destrukci prales\u016f.<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

Ps\u00e1no pro Den\u00edkreferendum.cz<\/em>
\n<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Do centra pozornosti a do ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 debaty se po del\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b op\u011bt dostaly po\u017e\u00e1ry v amazonsk\u00e9m pralese, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v Braz\u00edlii, kde \u0159\u00e1d\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1ry na nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed plo\u0161e a je jich tam…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":4157,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[17,19,20],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-4150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-lesy-pralesy","tag-ovzdusi","tag-zmena-klimatu","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4150","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4150"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4150\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4195,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4150\/revisions\/4195"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4157"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4150"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4150"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4150"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=4150"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}