{"id":4175,"date":"2019-09-09T11:10:19","date_gmt":"2019-09-09T09:10:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=4175"},"modified":"2023-01-24T13:40:07","modified_gmt":"2023-01-24T12:40:07","slug":"mzp-plosne-povolilo-uhelnym-elektrarnam-vypoustet-o-40-vice-rtuti-nevladni-organizace-pozaduji-zastaveni-individualnich-vyjimek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/tiskova-analyza\/4175\/mzp-plosne-povolilo-uhelnym-elektrarnam-vypoustet-o-40-vice-rtuti-nevladni-organizace-pozaduji-zastaveni-individualnich-vyjimek\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u017dP povolilo uheln\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m vypou\u0161t\u011bt o 40 % v\u00edce rtuti. Nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace po\u017eaduj\u00ed zastaven\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00fdjimek"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed vydalo kontroverzn\u00ed zm\u011bnu vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky, kter\u00e1 uheln\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje ode\u010d\u00edst si 40 % z nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch hodnot toxick\u00e9 rtuti jako „nejistotu m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed“, a sn\u00e1ze tak \u201csplnit\u201d limity na ochranu zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed [1]. Nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace Frank Bold, Greenpeace a Hnut\u00ed DUHA pova\u017euj\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed za skand\u00e1ln\u00ed, n\u00e1vrh zm\u011bny vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky od za\u010d\u00e1tku kritizuj\u00ed [2]. Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u00e1 podle nich chr\u00e1nit zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed a \u010distotu prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ne z\u00e1jmy zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ovatel\u016f. Po vyd\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to novelizace vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky pova\u017euj\u00ed nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace za naprosto nep\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9 a hlavn\u011b zbyte\u010dn\u00e9, aby \u00fa\u0159ady vyd\u00e1valy dal\u0161\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdjimky z limit\u016f pro emise rtuti jednotliv\u00fdm uheln\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m.<\/strong><\/p>\n

O takovou v\u00fdjimku \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 aktu\u00e1ln\u011b elektr\u00e1rna Chvaletice ze skupiny Sev.En podnikatele Pavla Tyka\u010de a i bez nov\u011b vyhl\u00e1\u0161kou umo\u017en\u011bn\u00e9 tolerance chce vypou\u0161t\u011bt 3,5 n\u00e1sobek limitu. D\u016fvodem m\u00e1 b\u00fdt pr\u00e1v\u011b nov\u011b zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9ho se vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka t\u00fdk\u00e1 [3]. Elektr\u00e1rna \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 o zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed limitu ze 7 \u00b5g\/m3 na 25 \u00b5g\/m3 [4], to v praxi znamen\u00e1, \u017ee by elektr\u00e1rna po dobu osmi let vypou\u0161t\u011bla nam\u00edsto 117 kg rtuti a\u017e 422 kg ro\u010dn\u011b. Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka by umo\u017enila tolerovat hodnoty o 40 % vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed, tj. na \u00farovni 35  \u00b5g\/m3, tedy a\u017e 591 kg ro\u010dn\u011b – to by bylo 5-kr\u00e1t v\u00edce ne\u017e limit. \u0160kody na lidsk\u00e9m zdrav\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 jedn\u00edm kg rtuti uvoln\u011bn\u00fdm do \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u011bdci vy\u010d\u00edsluj\u00ed na 22 937 EUR, tedy zhruba 593 000 K\u010d [5]. <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"

Elektr\u00e1rna Chvaletice<\/p><\/div>\n

Pavel Tyka\u010d nav\u00edc usiluje o odkoupen\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho \u010desk\u00e9ho zdroje rtuti v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny Po\u010derady, od v\u011bt\u0161inov\u011b st\u00e1tn\u00ed firmy \u010cEZ. Pokud by ji dostal do rukou, bude usilovat o individu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdjimky z limit\u016f pro ochranu zdrav\u00ed zcela jist\u011b i zde.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e1 vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka stanov\u00ed, \u017ee provozovatel zdroje zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee od nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 hodnoty zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky ode\u010d\u00edst ur\u010dit\u00e9 procento jako \u201cnejistotu m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed\u201d a teprve takto um\u011ble sn\u00ed\u017eenou hodnotu porovnat s limitem. Ustanoven\u00ed se vztahuje na \u0159adu zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek, mezi kter\u00e9 doplnilo M\u017dP rtu\u0165, a to s hodnotou 40 %. U\u017e samotn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, kdy se nejistota m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed ode\u010d\u00edt\u00e1, je \u00fastupkem provozovatel\u016fm uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren. Kdyby M\u017dP cht\u011blo m\u00edt jistotu, \u017ee se do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed nevypou\u0161t\u00ed jedovat\u00e9 l\u00e1tky „omylem“, nejistotu m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed by naopak p\u0159i\u010d\u00edtalo, podle principu p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 opatrnosti. <\/span><\/p>\n

M\u017dP argumentuje, \u017ee vych\u00e1z\u00ed z n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho modelu. Ale je tu jeden podstatn\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi \u010desk\u00fdm a n\u011bmeck\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm: v N\u011bmecku se jako nejistota m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed neode\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 cel\u00fdch 40 % automaticky. N\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed provozovatel\u00e9 mus\u00ed zjistit, jakou konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed chybu m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed m\u00e1 jejich p\u0159\u00edstroj, a teprve tu mohou ode\u010d\u00edst. M\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou p\u0159itom zpravidla mnohem p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed [6].Co je v N\u011bmecku maximum, M\u017dP zavedlo jako normu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ji\u0159\u00ed Ko\u017eelouh, vedouc\u00ed energetick\u00e9ho programu Hnut\u00ed DUHA, \u0159ekl:
\n<\/b>\u201cMinisterstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed vlastn\u011b vydalo uheln\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m plo\u0161nou v\u00fdjimku z limit\u016f pro ochranu zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed p\u0159ed toxickou rtut\u00ed. Je tedy zcela nep\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9 a nav\u00edc zbyte\u010dn\u00e9, aby nyn\u00ed vydalo n\u011bjak\u00e9 uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdjimku na rtu\u0165.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Laura Haiselov\u00e1, pr\u00e1vni\u010dka Frank Bold, \u0159ekla:
\n<\/b>\u201cNap\u0159\u00edklad Nizozemsko po v\u00fdtce Evropsk\u00e9 komise zm\u011bnilo sv\u016fj syst\u00e9m ode\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed nejistoty m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed – nov\u011b bude po n\u011bmeck\u00e9m vzoru ode\u010d\u00edtat pouze re\u00e1lnou nejistotu, nikoli arbitr\u00e1rn\u011b stanoven\u00fd pod\u00edl nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch emis\u00ed. \u010cesk\u00e9 Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed se ale vydalo zcela opa\u010dnou cestou a do syst\u00e9mu ode\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed \u201cnejistoty m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed\u201d za\u0159adilo i rtu\u0165. Takhle si zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed standard\u016f ochrany \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b nep\u0159edstavuji.\u201d <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Luk\u00e1\u0161 Hr\u00e1bek, tiskov\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed Greenpeace \u010cR, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1:
\n<\/b>\u201cProvozovatel\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny Chvaletice si po\u017e\u00e1dali o v\u00fdjimku pro vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed rtuti s od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee nev\u00ed, jak zajistit jej\u00ed spolehliv\u00e9 kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. To u\u017e te\u010f neplat\u00ed, proto\u017ee nyn\u00ed jim hraje do karet tato kontroverzn\u00ed vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka a mohou si 40 % nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 rtuti od\u0161krtnout. Je tedy jasn\u00e9, \u017ee ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u00e1 nyn\u00ed p\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed odvol\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdjimky pro Chvaletice z nov\u00fdch emisn\u00edch limit\u016f u\u017e jen jednu mo\u017enost – v\u00fdjimku odm\u00edtnout.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pozn\u00e1mky:
\n<\/b>[1] Viz Sb\u00edrku z\u00e1kon\u016f, \u010d\u00e1stku 91, rozesl\u00e1no 30. 8. 2019 – novela vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky \u010d. 415\/2012 Sb., jedn\u00e1 se o zm\u011bnu \u00a7 9 odst. 7. Dostupn\u00e9 zde: <\/span>https:\/\/www.sbirka.cz\/POSL4TYD\/pohledr.htm<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[2] <\/span>http:\/\/www.hnutiduha.cz\/aktualne\/mzp-navrhuje-aby-uhelne-elektrarny-mohly-vypoustet-o-40-vice-rtuti-hraje-do-noty-tykacovym<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[3]
\n<\/span>Viz vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed firmy Seven: <\/span>\u201ePokud jde o rtu\u0165, \u010cesk\u00e1 republika dosud nem\u011bla limity pro tyto emise stanoveny. Nav\u00edc neexistuje prov\u011b\u0159en\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak zajistit spolehliv\u00e9 kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed t\u011bchto \u0161kodlivin. Proto se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee o ud\u011blen\u00ed v\u00fdjimky po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina evropsk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f elekt\u0159iny a tepla,\u201c<\/span><\/i> dopl\u0148uje V\u00e1clav Matys.
\n<\/span>http:\/\/www.7energy.com\/cz\/media\/aktuality\/tz\/2019\/20190109.html
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

[4] Jde o v\u00fdjimku z emisn\u00edch limit\u016f podle Z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f o nejlep\u0161\u00edch dostupn\u00fdch technik\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 budou  pro uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 od srpna 2021. Krajsk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad Pardubick\u00e9ho kraje elektr\u00e1rn\u011b v\u00fdjimku ud\u011blil, nyn\u00ed bude o odvol\u00e1n\u00ed spolk\u016f a obc\u00ed rozhodovat Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Shrnut\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f ze \u017e\u00e1dosti o v\u00fdjimku je dostupn\u00e9 online, viz str. 6 dokumentu: <\/span>https:\/\/www.mzp.cz\/ippc\/ippc4.nsf\/$pid\/MZPAAH9SFGBZ<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

[5] Viz: Rabl & Nedellec (2016): Costs of Health Damage from Atmospheric Emissions of Toxic Metals Part 2: Analysis for Mercury and Lead. Ceny ve studii jsou uvedeny v cenov\u00e9 hladin\u011b z roku 2013, pro zp\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed by tedy bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b prom\u00edtnout do v\u00fdsledk\u016f studie inflaci. Dostupn\u00e9 online:<\/span> https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/risa.12598<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

[6]
\n<\/span>Nap\u0159. podle certifik\u00e1tu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed <\/span>Gasmet Continuous Mercury Monitoring System<\/span><\/i> je na \u00farovni emisn\u00edho limitu ve v\u00fd\u0161i 2 \u00b5g\/m3 (tj. v\u00edce ne\u017e 3x ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed limit ne\u017e ten stanoven\u00fd v prov\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edm rozhodnut\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 komise) nejistota kontinu\u00e1ln\u00edho m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed rtuti pouze 15,6 %, resp. 0,312 \u00b5g\/m3. Viz: <\/span>https:\/\/www.csagroupuk.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/MC17033201.pdf<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

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Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed vydalo kontroverzn\u00ed zm\u011bnu vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky, kter\u00e1 uheln\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje ode\u010d\u00edst si 40 % z nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch hodnot toxick\u00e9 rtuti jako “nejistotu m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed”, a sn\u00e1ze tak \u201csplnit\u201d limity na ochranu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":3749,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[19,25],"p4-page-type":[33],"class_list":["post-4175","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-ovzdusi","tag-konec-doby-fosilni","p4-page-type-tiskova-analyza"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4175","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4175"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4175\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18263,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4175\/revisions\/18263"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3749"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4175"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=4175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}