{"id":4389,"date":"2019-09-25T11:28:27","date_gmt":"2019-09-25T09:28:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=4389"},"modified":"2021-12-01T13:32:14","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T12:32:14","slug":"nova-zprava-klimatologu-oceany-v-krizi-roztavani-ledovcu-a-zvysovani-morske-hladiny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/tiskova-zprava\/4389\/nova-zprava-klimatologu-oceany-v-krizi-roztavani-ledovcu-a-zvysovani-morske-hladiny\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va klimatolog\u016f: oce\u00e1ny v krizi, rozt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ledovc\u016f a zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9 hladiny"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Dnes vydan\u00e1 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1va Mezivl\u00e1dn\u00edho panelu pro klimatickou zm\u011bnu (IPCC) o oce\u00e1nech a kryosf\u00e9\u0159e (zamrzl\u00fdch oblastech) ukazuje, jak ni\u010div\u00e9 jsou ji\u017e nyn\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny v na\u0161ich oce\u00e1nech a jak kv\u016fli oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed miz\u00ed plochy pokryt\u00e9 ledem. V\u011bdeck\u00fd report podtrhuje nutnost zv\u00fd\u0161it \u00fasil\u00ed v\u0161ech vl\u00e1d sv\u011bta p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 krize a ochrany oce\u00e1n\u016f.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Z\u00e1v\u011bry v\u00edce ne\u017e stovky p\u0159edn\u00edch klimatolog\u016f, kter\u00e9 vych\u00e1zej\u00ed ze skoro sedmi tis\u00edc v\u011bdeck\u00fdch studi\u00ed, jsou zat\u00edm nejucelen\u011bj\u0161\u00edm posouzen\u00edm z\u00e1va\u017enosti dopad\u016f zm\u011bn klimatu na oce\u00e1ny a kryosf\u00e9ru. Zpr\u00e1va potvrzuje obavy, \u017ee dopady vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou zm\u011bn klimatu, jsou je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed rychleji, ne\u017e v\u011bdci p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dali.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4391\" style=\"width: 1210px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4391\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4391\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-czech-republic-stateless\/2019\/09\/647167b7-gp0stqm84.jpg\" alt=\"Great Barrier Reef Mass Coral Bleaching Event. \u00a9 Dean Miller \/ Greenpeace\" width=\"1200\" height=\"690\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-czech-republic-stateless\/2019\/09\/647167b7-gp0stqm84.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-czech-republic-stateless\/2019\/09\/647167b7-gp0stqm84-300x173.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-czech-republic-stateless\/2019\/09\/647167b7-gp0stqm84-768x442.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-czech-republic-stateless\/2019\/09\/647167b7-gp0stqm84-1024x589.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-czech-republic-stateless\/2019\/09\/647167b7-gp0stqm84-510x293.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-4391\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Um\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed kor\u00e1l\u016f je p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm dopadem klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201eAbychom zabr\u00e1nili t\u011bm nejv\u00edce zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm dopad\u016fm pro na\u0161i planetu a \u017eivot na ni, bude to vy\u017eadovat politickou akci, kter\u00e1 nem\u00e1 v historii obdoby<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,\u201c komentuje zpr\u00e1vu Taehyun Park z Greenpeace.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jan Freidinger z \u010desk\u00e9 pobo\u010dky Greenpeace k tomu dod\u00e1v\u00e1: \u201e<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ochrana jak klimatu, tak sv\u011btov\u00fdch oce\u00e1n\u016f se t\u00fdk\u00e1 n\u00e1s v\u0161ech, i vnitrozemsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. I \u010cesko bude v OSN spolurozhodovat o Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00famluv\u011b o oce\u00e1nech, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bla ustanovit mo\u0159sk\u00e9 rezervace na 30 % plochy voln\u00fdch mo\u0159i, a pos\u00edlit tak jejich odolnost proti zm\u011bn\u00e1m klimatu. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b i \u010desk\u00e9 emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f otepluj\u00ed a okyseluj\u00ed oce\u00e1ny, co\u017e p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed prvn\u00ed ob\u011bti nap\u0159\u00edklad v podob\u011b masivn\u00edho \u00fahynu kor\u00e1lov\u00fdch \u00fates\u016f. Pokud urychlen\u011b nep\u0159estaneme p\u00e1lit fosiln\u00ed paliva, na\u0161e d\u011bti budou kr\u00e1su kor\u00e1lov\u00fdch \u00fates\u016f obdivovat jen z fotografi\u00ed a vide\u00ed.\u201c<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><b><i>Vybran\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry zpr\u00e1vy IPCC k oce\u00e1n\u016fm (71% rozlohy Zem\u011b) a kryosf\u00e9\u0159e (10% rozlohy Zem\u011b).\u00a0<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oce\u00e1ny se otepluj\u00ed, okyseluj\u00ed a ub\u00fdv\u00e1 v nich kysl\u00edk, co\u017e ohro\u017euje nejen mo\u0159sk\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my, ale i lidi a komunity na nich z\u00e1visl\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taje permafrost a pokud neza\u010dnou rapidn\u011b klesat emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, uvoln\u00ed ze z permafrostu des\u00edtky a\u017e stovky miliard tun oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho a metanu do atmosf\u00e9ry, co\u017e je\u0161t\u011b prohloub\u00ed klimatickou krizi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zamrzl\u00e9 oblasti na planet\u011b( ledovce, sn\u011bhov\u00e1 pokr\u00fdvka,ledov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkrov,\u00a0 permafrost) se zmen\u0161uj\u00ed ve v\u0161ech sledovan\u00fdch oblastech.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hladina mo\u0159e stoupne do konce stolet\u00ed a\u017e o jeden metr, pokud glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oteplen\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed 3\u00b0 C, co\u017e je oteplen\u00ed, ke kter\u00e9mu za st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed situace sm\u011b\u0159ujeme. To m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st mimojin\u00e9 k p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed milion\u016f lid\u00ed z pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch a ostrovn\u00edch oblast\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rozloha mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ledu v Arktid\u011b podle satelitn\u00edch sn\u00edmk\u016f dos\u00e1hla rekordn\u00edho minima &#8211; je men\u0161\u00ed o 2,1 milionu km2 oproti dlouhodob\u00e9mu pr\u016fm\u011bru minim\u00e1ln\u00ed zamrzl\u00e9 plochy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se vzr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00edm oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e se oce\u00e1ny nejen otepluj\u00ed kv\u016fli sklen\u00edkov\u00e9mu jevu, ale i okyseluj\u00ed, proto\u017ee \u010d\u00e1st tohoto sklen\u00edkov\u00e9ho plynu absorbuj\u00ed. V teplej\u0161\u00edch a kyselej\u0161\u00edch oce\u00e1nech \u010del\u00ed podmo\u0159sk\u00fd \u017eivot a ekosyst\u00e9my z\u00e1sadn\u00edm hrozb\u00e1m. I pokud by se poda\u0159ilo udr\u017eet oteplen\u00ed na 1,5 \u00b0C, 90 % kor\u00e1l\u016f v tepl\u00fdch oblastech bude ztraceno. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Budeme sv\u011bdky t\u00e1n\u00ed permafrostu ve velk\u00e9m rozsahu. Arktick\u00fd a subarktick\u00fd permafrost p\u0159itom p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve form\u011b metanu obsahuje 1460 a\u017e 1600 gigatun uhl\u00edku, co\u017e je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dvojn\u00e1sobek uhl\u00edku, kter\u00fd je aktu\u00e1ln\u011b v atmosf\u00e9\u0159e.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do konce stolet\u00ed se m\u016f\u017ee frekvence vln veder v mo\u0159\u00edch zv\u00fd\u0161it pades\u00e1tin\u00e1sobn\u011b (pokud dojde k oteplen\u00ed o 3 a\u017e 5 \u00b0C).\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Od roku 1993 se zdvojn\u00e1sobilo tempo, jak\u00fdm se oce\u00e1ny otepluj\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ztr\u00e1ta ledov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edkrovu v Antarktid\u011b se v letech 2007-2016 ztrojn\u00e1sobila oproti let\u016fm 1997\u20132006.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nov\u00e1 IPCC zpr\u00e1va ukazuje nejen, jak\u00e9 nezvratn\u00e9 zm\u011bny mohou v oce\u00e1nech a v kryosf\u00e9\u0159e kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u00e1m klimatu nastat, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159edstavuje politick\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, d\u00edky kter\u00fdm mohou vl\u00e1dy zabr\u00e1nit t\u011bm nejhor\u0161\u00edm dopad\u016fm zm\u011bn klimatu a zv\u00fd\u0161it v\u016f\u010di nim odolnost ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f. Sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed mus\u00ed j\u00edt ruku v ruce s opat\u0159en\u00edmi, kter\u00e9 budou zvy\u0161ovat odolnost oce\u00e1n\u016f. V praxi to znamen\u00e1 nejen co nejrychleji p\u0159estat p\u00e1lit uhl\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed fosiln\u00ed paliva, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u00edce chr\u00e1nit oce\u00e1ny p\u0159ed negativn\u00edm dopadem lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti. Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch slabin p\u0159i ochran\u011b oce\u00e1n\u016f a kryosf\u00e9ry je nejednotn\u00fd syst\u00e9m jejich ochrany a managementu, jak nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d administrativn\u00edmi hranicemi, tak nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi odv\u011btv\u00edmi, jako je t\u011b\u017eba, rybolov \u010di doprava, kter\u00e9 oce\u00e1ny nejv\u00edce zat\u011b\u017euj\u00ed a ohro\u017euj\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201eOce\u00e1n\u016fm vd\u011b\u010d\u00edme za mnoh\u00e9, pohlcuj\u00ed 20-30 % CO<sub>2<\/sub> z atmosf\u00e9ry, absorbuj\u00ed 90 % p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00e9ho tepla, produkuj\u00ed polovinu kysl\u00edku na planet\u011b a jsou zdrojem ob\u017eivy pro miliardy lid\u00ed. P\u0159esto je lidstvo dohnalo na pokraj katastrofy, a\u0165 u\u017e p\u0159\u00edmo, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm nekontrolovan\u00e9ho drancov\u00e1n\u00ed ryb, rizikov\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eby ropy \u010di nerost\u016f, nebo skrze postupuj\u00edc\u00ed zm\u011bny klimatu, kter\u00e9 ohro\u017euj\u00ed oce\u00e1ny a \u017eivot v nich jako celek,\u201c<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Jan Freidinger z Greenpaace a dod\u00e1v\u00e1: \u201e<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u010casu na n\u00e1pravu nen\u00ed mnoho, p\u0159esto je st\u00e1le nad\u011bje. Vl\u00e1dy v\u0161ech zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 podepsaly Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017eskou klimatickou dohodu, mus\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok nahl\u00e1sit, o kolik sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9 emise, z\u00e1rove\u0148 se v t\u00e9m\u017ee roce na p\u016fd\u011b OSN bude schvalovat Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed oce\u00e1nsk\u00e1 \u00famluva, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 vytvo\u0159it s\u00ed\u0165 mo\u0159sk\u00fdch rezervac\u00ed. Pokud se st\u00e1tn\u00edci budou \u0159\u00eddit z\u00e1v\u011bry t\u00e9to i dal\u0161\u00edch zpr\u00e1v IPCC, je \u0161ance odvr\u00e1tit katastrofu. Pokud se budou chovat jako doposud, ob\u00e1v\u00e1m se, \u017ee jejich vlastn\u00ed d\u011bti \u010di vnou\u010data je budou prokl\u00ednat.\u201c<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<div class=\"EmptyMessage\">Block content is empty. Check the block&#8217;s settings or remove it.<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dnes vydan\u00e1 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1va Mezivl\u00e1dn\u00edho panelu pro klimatickou zm\u011bnu (IPCC) o oce\u00e1nech a kryosf\u00e9\u0159e (zamrzl\u00fdch oblastech) ukazuje, jak ni\u010div\u00e9 jsou ji\u017e nyn\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny v na\u0161ich oce\u00e1nech a jak kv\u016fli&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":4391,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[18,20],"p4-page-type":[14],"class_list":["post-4389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-oceany","tag-zmena-klimatu","p4-page-type-tiskova-zprava"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4389"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4389\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15661,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4389\/revisions\/15661"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4391"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4389"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4389"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4389"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=4389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}