{"id":5906,"date":"2020-02-18T15:35:34","date_gmt":"2020-02-18T14:35:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=5906"},"modified":"2023-12-05T10:39:40","modified_gmt":"2023-12-05T09:39:40","slug":"sbohem-uhli-aneb-proc-jsme-v-uhelne-komisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/magazin\/5906\/sbohem-uhli-aneb-proc-jsme-v-uhelne-komisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Sbohem, uhl\u00ed aneb pro\u010d jsme v Uheln\u00e9 komisi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Rok 2019 p\u0159edznamenal konec spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed na na\u0161em kontinentu. Slovensko ozn\u00e1milo, \u017ee skon\u010d\u00ed s t\u011b\u017ebou hn\u011bd\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed a uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny zav\u0159e do roku 2024. Konec uhl\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b ohl\u00e1silo tak\u00e9 \u0158ecko. Celkov\u011b se tak jedn\u00e1 ji\u017e o \u010dtrn\u00e1ct evropsk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 skon\u010d\u00ed s uhl\u00edm do roku 2030. N\u011bmecko chce s uhl\u00edm skon\u010dit nejpozd\u011bji do roku 2038. S uheln\u00fdmi elektr\u00e1rnami chce nav\u00edc zav\u00edrat i jadern\u00e9 a pl\u00e1nuje z\u00edsk\u00e1vat v\u00edce ne\u017e 80 procent elektrick\u00e9 energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. U n\u00e1s prvn\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed debata o konci uhl\u00ed za\u010dala minul\u00fd rok v podob\u011b ustanoven\u00ed tzv. Uheln\u00e9 komise jako reakce na rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 demonstrace student\u016f v r\u00e1mci celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed Fridays for Future.<\/p>\n\n

Pro\u010d chceme rok 2030<\/h2>\n\n

Rychl\u00fd konec v\u0161ech \u010desk\u00fdch uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren do roku 2030 je nutn\u00e9 navrhnout zejm\u00e9na kv\u016fli spln\u011bn\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho pod\u00edlu na ochran\u011b glob\u00e1ln\u00edho klimatu. Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny toti\u017e prost\u011b nevedou k dosa\u017een\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00edho c\u00edle Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 dohody, tedy zastaven\u00ed r\u016fstu teploty na \u00farovni ide\u00e1ln\u011b 1,5 stupn\u011b (a maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 2 stupn\u011b) oproti p\u0159edpr\u016fmyslov\u00e9mu obdob\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

K z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee by zem\u011b Evropsk\u00e9 unie m\u011bly se spalov\u00e1n\u00edm uhl\u00ed skon\u010dit kolem roku 2030, dosp\u011bl i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed think-tank Climate Analytics, kter\u00fd analyzoval r\u016fzn\u00e9 existuj\u00edc\u00ed studie Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 agentury a Mezivl\u00e1dn\u00edho panelu pro zm\u011bny klimatu (IPCC). K tomuto c\u00edli se hl\u00e1s\u00ed tak\u00e9 Greenpeace \u010cR a jsme p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee uzav\u0159en\u00ed uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren v tomto term\u00ednu je technicky mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

V roce 2018 \u010desk\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 organizace zve\u0159ejnily studii n\u011bmeck\u00e9 konzulta\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti Energynautics, kter\u00e1 je p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e1 na <\/a>www.chytraenergie.info. Modelovala \u010deskou energetickou s\u00ed\u0165 v roce 2030 a uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee bezpe\u010dn\u011b fungovat i bez velk\u00fdch uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren a sn\u00ed\u017eit pod\u00edl uhl\u00ed v na\u0161em energetick\u00e9m mixu jde velmi rychle. V\u00edce ne\u017e 20 procent elekt\u0159iny ro\u010dn\u011b vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00edme do zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Prvn\u00edm a nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edm krokem by tak bylo vypnout nej\u0161pinav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny (Po\u010derady a Chvaletice), kter\u00e9 vyr\u00e1b\u00ed energii prakticky pouze na v\u00fdvoz. Zisk toti\u017e z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 soukrom\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem, kde\u017eto d\u016fsledky a externality jejich provozu plat\u00edme v\u0161ichni z na\u0161ich dan\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed kroky ji\u017e budou vy\u017eadovat celou \u0159adu opat\u0159en\u00ed, od v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podpory \u00faspor spot\u0159eby energi\u00ed ve v\u0161ech sektorech p\u0159es n\u00e1hradu odstavovan\u00fdch kapacit obnoviteln\u00fdmi zdroji po transformaci tepl\u00e1renstv\u00ed. To, co tento v\u00fdvoj blokuje, jsou pouze z\u00e1jmy firem, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed z uhl\u00ed zisky a necht\u011bj\u00ed se vzd\u00e1t sv\u00fdch pozic. Naopak nahr\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1m rostouc\u00ed cena emisn\u00edch povolenek na CO2<\/sub>, klesaj\u00edc\u00ed cena obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1jem chr\u00e1nit klima u ve\u0159ejnosti, politik\u016f i \u010d\u00e1sti firem. Konec spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed je nejrychlej\u0161\u00edm a ekonomicky jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed na ochranu klimatu, proto\u017ee ji\u017e existuj\u00ed dostupn\u00e9 technologie, jak uhl\u00ed nahradit. Pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bmito probl\u00e9my by se m\u011bla zab\u00fdvat Uheln\u00e1 komise a n\u00e1\u0161 z\u00e1stupce Jan Rovensk\u00fd v n\u00ed p\u0159ijal \u00fa\u010dast proto, aby tyto varianty podporoval a sna\u017eil se o nich p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dleny.<\/p>\n\n

Co je Uheln\u00e1 komise<\/h2>\n\n

Z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Uheln\u00e9 komise bylo inspirov\u00e1no podobnou instituc\u00ed v N\u011bmecku. Tato komise je poradn\u00edm org\u00e1nem \u010desk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, kter\u00fd j\u00ed m\u00e1 doporu\u010dit, kdy a za jak\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed p\u0159estane \u010cesk\u00e1 republika t\u011b\u017eit uhl\u00ed a vyr\u00e1b\u011bt energii jeho spalov\u00e1n\u00edm. V\u00fdstupy komise se o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed u\u017e tento rok na podzim.<\/p>\n\n

S \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed v Uheln\u00e9 komisi jsme souhlasili po dlouh\u00e9 \u00favaze, proto\u017ee ji vn\u00edm\u00e1me jako d\u016fle\u017eitou platformu a n\u00e1stroj na to, jak se pokusit prosadit co nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed odchod \u010cR od uhl\u00ed. V\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee budeme schopn\u00ed datum konce uhl\u00ed v \u010desk\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch posunout co nejbl\u00ed\u017ee k roku 2030. Na\u0161e \u00fa\u010dast m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 pomoci celospole\u010densk\u00e9 debat\u011b k tomuto t\u00e9matu. Chceme uk\u00e1zat, \u017ee spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed (zejm\u00e9na pak ve star\u00fdch uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch) \u0161kod\u00ed zdrav\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f i glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu klimatu a \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 s n\u00edm skoncovat mnohem d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e se je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed p\u00e1r lety p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo. V\u00fdvoj v mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch EU to dokazuje.<\/p>\n\n

Rychl\u00fd konec uhl\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 navrhnout a modelovat nejen kv\u016fli spln\u011bn\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho pod\u00edlu na ochran\u011b glob\u00e1ln\u00edho klimatu, ale tak\u00e9 kv\u016fli tomu, \u017ee r\u016fst ceny emisn\u00ed povolenky pro CO2<\/sub> m\u016f\u017ee uhelnou energetiku zlikvidovat je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed koncem \u017eivotnosti uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren. I proto mus\u00ed Uheln\u00e1 komise odpov\u011bd\u011bt na ot\u00e1zku, jak se bez uhl\u00ed obej\u00edt u\u017e za 10 let. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm po\u017eadavkem, se kter\u00fdm jsme do Uheln\u00e9 komise \u0161li, je pot\u0159eba uzav\u0159\u00edt co nejd\u0159\u00edve nej\u0161pinav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny, jejich\u017e produkce jde masivn\u011b na v\u00fdvoz. Ze v\u0161eho nejd\u0159\u00edve by se m\u011bla zav\u0159\u00edt nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010desk\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna, s nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed, tedy hn\u011bdouheln\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna Po\u010derady.<\/p>\n\n

Spolu s rozhodnut\u00edm o ukon\u010den\u00ed spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed a konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmi daty, kdy budou uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny odstaveny, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161eny ot\u00e1zky spravedliv\u00e9 transformace uheln\u00fdch region\u016f a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst tam, kde se uhl\u00ed dosud t\u011b\u017e\u00ed a dominantn\u011b spaluje. V\u00fdstupem mus\u00ed b\u00fdt konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed a spravedliv\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, podlo\u017een\u00e1 tvrd\u00fdmi daty. Lid\u00e9 pracuj\u00edc\u00ed pro uheln\u00e9 firmy mus\u00ed v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee je nikdo neh\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159es palubu. Lid\u00e9 z uheln\u00fdch region\u016f si zaslou\u017e\u00ed investice do sv\u00e9 budoucnosti.<\/p>\n\n

Na\u0161e fungov\u00e1n\u00ed v Uheln\u00e9 komisi je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b podm\u00edn\u011bno t\u00edm, \u017ee se tento org\u00e1n bude opravdu sna\u017eit naj\u00edt cestu, jak rychleji chr\u00e1nit klima a na\u0161e ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, a nestane se naopak mluv\u010d\u00edm uheln\u00e9 lobby \u010di zbyte\u010dnou \u017evan\u00edrnou bez re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho dopadu.<\/p>\n\n

Greenpeace \u010cR se neboj\u00ed h\u00e1jit ve\u0159ejn\u00fd z\u00e1jem proti p\u0159esile, ani za zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nemo\u017en\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, takov\u00e1 je na\u0161e role ji\u017e od vzniku na\u0161\u00ed organizace. Jsme si v\u011bdomi, \u017ee v \u010desk\u00e9 Uheln\u00e9 komisi je sedm organizac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b v roce 2015 prosazovaly t\u011b\u017ebu uhl\u00ed a\u017e do konce tohoto stolet\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm prolomen\u00ed limit\u016f t\u011b\u017eby na dole \u010cSA. Naopak v komisi chyb\u00ed klimatologov\u00e9, z\u00e1stupci \u010dist\u00e9 modern\u00ed energetiky \u010di z\u00e1stupci obc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eba uhl\u00ed ohro\u017euje. Proto je pot\u0159eba, aby v n\u00ed byl sly\u0161et n\u00e1\u0161 hlas. Ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 je pot\u0159eba, aby bylo sly\u0161et co nejv\u00edce hlas\u016f i od aktivn\u00edch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed v Uheln\u00e9 komisi nejsou a cht\u011bj\u00ed n\u00e1m ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed odklon od uhl\u00ed pomoci prosadit \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e to budou v\u011bdci, klimati\u010dt\u00ed aktivist\u00e9, lid\u00e9 z region\u016f a t\u0159eba pr\u00e1v\u011b vy, \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i magaz\u00ednu Greenpeace.<\/p>\n\n

\n\n

V\u0161echny \u010dl\u00e1nky z aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho vyd\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rok 2019 p\u0159edznamenal konec spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed na na\u0161em kontinentu. Slovensko ozn\u00e1milo, \u017ee skon\u010d\u00ed s t\u011b\u017ebou hn\u011bd\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed a uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny zav\u0159e do roku 2024. Konec uhl\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b ohl\u00e1silo tak\u00e9 \u0158ecko.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":5907,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"p4-page-type":[35],"class_list":["post-5906","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energeticka-revoluce","p4-page-type-magazin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5906","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5906"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5906\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6086,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5906\/revisions\/6086"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5907"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5906"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5906"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5906"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=5906"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}