{"id":6458,"date":"2020-04-29T15:29:11","date_gmt":"2020-04-29T13:29:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/?p=6458"},"modified":"2021-12-01T13:31:35","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T12:31:35","slug":"petisetlete-sucho-nevyresi-destovka-ale-zasadni-zmeny-v-zemedelstvi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/6458\/petisetlete-sucho-nevyresi-destovka-ale-zasadni-zmeny-v-zemedelstvi\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u011btisetlet\u00e9 sucho nevy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed de\u0161\u0165ovka, ale z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bny v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika \u010del\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu suchu za posledn\u00edch 500 let. Absorp\u010dn\u00ed schopnost p\u016fdy se sn\u00ed\u017eila na polovinu. P\u0159es 67 procent zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fdy je ohro\u017eeno eroz\u00ed. Popis st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed situace je jasn\u00fd a ministr \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Richard Brabec ho na dne\u0161n\u00ed tiskov\u00e9 konferenci podal velmi dob\u0159e. Vyu\u017e\u00edval k tomu data a vstupy od v\u011bdeck\u00fdch instituc\u00ed, jako jsou Czechglobe, \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav \u010di V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd \u00fastav vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd. \u0160koda, \u017ee se podobn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem o n\u00e1zory v\u011bdc\u016f a odborn\u00edk\u016f neop\u00edraj\u00ed i rozhodnut\u00ed vl\u00e1dy v re\u00e1ln\u00e9 politice, kter\u00e1 by nejen sou\u010dasn\u00e9 sucho, ale i zm\u011bny klimatu jako celek \u0159e\u0161ila.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Podle Brabce bylo zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vody v krajin\u011b jeho prioritou u\u017e od vstupu do funkce ministra, p\u0159esto je dne\u0161n\u00ed situace alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed. Z prezentovan\u00fdch dat je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee zat\u00edm p\u0159ijat\u00e1 a realizovan\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou zoufale nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 a pomal\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

D\u00e9lka vodn\u00edch tok\u016f se z p\u016fvodn\u00edch 76 tis\u00edc kilometr\u016f kv\u016fli narovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159ek zkr\u00e1tila o jednu t\u0159etinu. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b tak m\u00e1me v \u010cesku 21 tis\u00edc kilometr\u016f vodn\u00edch tok\u016f uzav\u0159en\u00fdch do regulovan\u00fdch betonov\u00fdch koryt. Na dne\u0161n\u00ed konferenci Brabec slavnostn\u011b vyhl\u00e1sil, \u017ee se revitalizovalo 19 kilometr\u016f tok\u016f v roce 2019. Takov\u00fdm tempem budeme pot\u0159ebovat p\u0159es tis\u00edc let, abychom sou\u010dasn\u00fd nevyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed stav napravili. Podobn\u011b je to s obnovov\u00e1n\u00edm a tvorbou mok\u0159ad\u016f. Od roku 1948 zmizelo na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed 950 000 hektar\u016f mok\u0159ad\u016f a v roce 2019 bylo obnoveno jen 100 mok\u0159ad\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

\"Drought
Bez vody se zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed d\u011blat ned\u00e1, p\u0159esto ministerstvo zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed br\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm. Ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto
\u00a9 Stephen J. Carrera \/ Greenpeace<\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

V p\u0159edstaven\u00fdch pl\u00e1nech nebylo bohu\u017eel ani slovo o prom\u011bn\u011b zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, zru\u0161en\u00ed meliora\u010dn\u00edch soustav, kter\u00e9 odvod\u0148uj\u00ed krajinu, zmen\u0161en\u00ed p\u016fdn\u00edch blok\u016f \u010di zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed organick\u00e9 slo\u017eky p\u016fdy kter\u00e1 zvy\u0161uje schopnost p\u016fdy j\u00edmat vodu. M\u00edsto toho se \u0159e\u0161\u00ed kosmetick\u00e9 v\u011bci jako zelen\u00e9 st\u0159echy, de\u0161\u0165ovka, \u0161ed\u00e1 voda. To jsou sice tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed pro na\u0161e hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s vodou, ale mnohem d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je navr\u00e1tit krajin\u011b schopnost vodu udr\u017eet.<\/p>\n\n

Bez zm\u011bn v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed to nep\u016fjde<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Brabec si sice pochvaluje, \u017ee na opat\u0159en\u00edch na zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vody spolupracuje s ministerstvem zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, realita je ale n\u011bkde jinde. Protierozn\u00ed vyhl\u00e1\u0161ku ministerstvo zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed st\u00e1le blokuje, stejn\u011b tak na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vl\u00e1dy o minim\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u016fstatkov\u00fdch pr\u016ftoc\u00edch. Ta \u0159e\u0161\u00ed, kolik vody mus\u00ed t\u00e9ci pod jezem, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i odb\u011bru vody do mal\u00e9 vodn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny \u010di na zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se tak \u010dasto st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee je \u0159eka pod jezem vyschl\u00e1. Kdy\u017e za n\u011bkolik let nen\u00ed vl\u00e1da schopna schv\u00e1lit toto d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, jak chce \u010delit efektivn\u011b p\u011btisetlet\u00e9mu suchu? <\/p>\n\n

Aktivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ministerstva zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed p\u0159itom hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli. \u010ctvrtina plochy zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fdy je nyn\u00ed odvod\u0148ov\u00e1na trubkovou dren\u00e1\u017e\u00ed. A ani dnes nepadlo ani slovo o tom, jestli se tato p\u016fda zbavuje odvodn\u011bn\u00ed a jak\u00fdm tempem, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b jak\u00e9 jsou pl\u00e1ny v t\u00e9to oblasti do budoucna.<\/p>\n\n

Je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed si je velmi dob\u0159e v\u011bdomo probl\u00e9mu s odvod\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm pol\u00ed, ale jak tato problematika, tak nap\u0159\u00edklad spr\u00e1va povod\u00ed podl\u00e9h\u00e1 ministerstvu zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed. To se ukazuje jako probl\u00e9m a mo\u017en\u00e1 je na \u010dase za\u010d\u00edt uva\u017eovat o pos\u00edlen\u00ed kompetenc\u00ed resortu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, aby mohla b\u00fdt p\u0159ijata ta nejz\u00e1sadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Ministr Brabec m\u00e1 pravdu, \u017ee v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situaci u\u017e i ti nejkonzervativn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blci a lesn\u00edci ch\u00e1pou, \u017ee bez vody hospoda\u0159it nemohou. To ale neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by se aktivn\u011b \u00fa\u010dastnili p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed sucha a d\u011blali syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 zm\u011bny. Mnohdy ani nev\u011bd\u00ed jak. Vlastn\u00edci les\u016f, zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fdy, ale i subjekty hospoda\u0159\u00edc\u00ed na zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b by m\u011bly b\u00fdt jasn\u011b informov\u00e1ny, co konkr\u00e9tn\u011b maj\u00ed d\u011blat, aby podpo\u0159ili zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vody v krajin\u011b. Tato osv\u011bta zat\u00edm chyb\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Zat\u00edm se sp\u00ed\u0161e mluv\u00ed, ne\u017e kon\u00e1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

O suchu a boji se suchem vl\u00e1da hodn\u011b mluv\u00ed, ale v realit\u011b st\u00e1le odkl\u00e1d\u00e1 ty nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a mnohdy z ekonomick\u00e9ho hlediska nejefektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cesty. Zat\u00edmco hovo\u0159\u00ed o stavb\u00e1ch p\u0159ehrad \u010di budov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch vodovod\u016f, zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 ani lesn\u00ed p\u016fda nen\u00ed schopna zadr\u017eovat vodu, st\u00e1le velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st krajiny je odvodn\u011bn\u00e1 melioracemi a v\u011bt\u0161ina koryt \u010desk\u00fdch \u0159ek je „narovn\u00e1na“ a zahloubena tak, \u017ee m\u00edsto meandr\u016f, niv a zdrav\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed krajiny, kter\u00e1 je schopna zadr\u017eovat obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vody a chr\u00e1nit n\u00e1s p\u0159ed povodn\u011bmi, m\u00e1me syst\u00e9m koryt, kter\u00fdmi z \u010ceska voda rychle odt\u00e9k\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n

Zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed je kapitolou samo o sob\u011b, m\u00edsto sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed velikosti zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch p\u016fdn\u00edch blok\u016f, zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed organick\u00e9 slo\u017eky v p\u016fd\u011b, budov\u00e1n\u00ed rem\u00edzk\u016f a lesn\u00edch p\u00e1s\u016f hovo\u0159\u00edme o stavb\u011b p\u0159ehrad a budov\u00e1n\u00ed zavla\u017eovac\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Vl\u00e1da p\u0159ed lety schv\u00e1lila Adapta\u010dn\u00ed strategii na zm\u011bny klimatu a p\u0159ijala i ak\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1n. Oba dokumenty jsou podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru velmi dobr\u00e9, jejich hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem je, \u017ee ta skute\u010dn\u011b syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 a z\u00e1sadn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00edm z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti na pap\u00ed\u0159e. A pr\u00e1v\u011b ministerstvo zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed p\u0159i napl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto pl\u00e1n\u016f hraje velmi negativn\u00ed roli.<\/p>\n\n

Co se mus\u00ed zm\u011bnit, abychom se p\u0159ipravili na sucho?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Vl\u00e1da by m\u011bla zm\u011bnit priority a v adapta\u010dn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00edch se prim\u00e1rn\u011b sna\u017eit o obnoven\u00ed schopnosti krajiny vodu zadr\u017eovat, co\u017e vy\u017eaduje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bny v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a lesnictv\u00ed, ale i omezen\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pravidla pro \u010dasto nesmysln\u00e9 zastavov\u00e1n\u00ed a betonov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 krajiny. <\/p>\n\n

Renaturace \u010di revitalizace \u0159ek a \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed krajiny, odstran\u011bn\u00ed dnes ji\u017e nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdch meliora\u010dn\u00edch soustav jak na zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9, tak lesn\u00ed p\u016fd\u011b, budov\u00e1n\u00ed mok\u0159ad\u016f, tam v\u0161ude m\u00e1me obrovsk\u00e9 rezervy. Technick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, jak\u00fdm je nap\u0159\u00edklad budov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ehrad, jsou a\u017e t\u00edm posledn\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm. U ka\u017ed\u00e9 p\u0159ehrady je nav\u00edc t\u0159eba pe\u010dliv\u011b zv\u00e1\u017eit a posoudit jej\u00ed smysluplnost.  <\/p>\n\n

Vl\u00e1da by tak\u00e9 nem\u011bla \u0159e\u0161it jen akutn\u00ed sucho, ale tak\u00e9 jeho p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny – tedy klimatickou zm\u011bnu zp\u016fsobenou spalov\u00e1n\u00edm fosiln\u00edch paliv. Zde by m\u011bla usilovat o co nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed konec t\u011b\u017eby a spalov\u00e1n\u00ed uhl\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 by se m\u011bla v souvislosti s extr\u00e9mn\u00edm suchem p\u0159ihl\u00e1sit k p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm klimatick\u00fdm c\u00edl\u016fm do roku 2030 a re\u00e1ln\u011b sni\u017eovat emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f, abychom v budoucnu nemuseli \u010delit je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce devastuj\u00edc\u00edm dopad\u016fm zm\u011bn klimatu, ne\u017e je st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed sucho a k\u016frovcov\u00e1 kalamita. M\u00edsto toho jsme sv\u011bdky absurdn\u00ed situace, kdy ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed varuje p\u0159ed p\u011btisetlet\u00fdm suchem ve chv\u00edli, kdy se premi\u00e9r Andrej Babi\u0161 a ministr pr\u016fmyslu, obchodu a dopravy Karel Havl\u00ed\u010dek sna\u017e\u00ed torp\u00e9dovat Evropskou zelenou dohodu, kter\u00e1 krom\u011b ambici\u00f3zn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch c\u00edl\u016f na omezen\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 mimo jin\u00e9 i s prom\u011bnou zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, lesnictv\u00ed a adaptac\u00ed m\u011bst na zm\u011bny klimatu.<\/p>\n

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\u010cesk\u00e1 republika \u010del\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu suchu za posledn\u00edch 500 let. Absorp\u010dn\u00ed schopnost p\u016fdy se sn\u00ed\u017eila na polovinu. P\u0159es 67 procent zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fdy je ohro\u017eeno eroz\u00ed. Popis st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed situace je jasn\u00fd a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":6462,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[20],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-6458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-zmena-klimatu","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6458","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6458"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6458\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15547,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6458\/revisions\/15547"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6462"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6458"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6458"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6458"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=6458"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}