{"id":938,"date":"2021-05-25T07:56:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-25T06:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/uncategorized\/938\/pidizvik-na-kterem-zavisi-ocean-ohrozuji-ho-klimaticke-zmeny-i-intenzivni-rybolov\/"},"modified":"2021-12-01T13:30:35","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T12:30:35","slug":"pidizvik-na-kterem-zavisi-ocean-ohrozuji-ho-klimaticke-zmeny-i-intenzivni-rybolov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/clanek\/938\/pidizvik-na-kterem-zavisi-ocean-ohrozuji-ho-klimaticke-zmeny-i-intenzivni-rybolov\/","title":{"rendered":"Pidi\u017ev\u00edk, na kter\u00e9m z\u00e1vis\u00ed oce\u00e1n. Ohro\u017euj\u00ed ho klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny i intenzivn\u00ed rybolov"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e9 antarktick\u00e9 l\u00e9to naklade sami\u010dka drobn\u00e9 krun\u00fd\u0159ovky krilov\u00e9 tis\u00edce jiker, kter\u00e9 pomalu klesaj\u00ed a\u017e do kilometrov\u00e9 hloubky Ji\u017en\u00edho oce\u00e1nu. Tam za\u010dne p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh dal\u0161\u00edho ze stovek bilion\u016f drobn\u00fdch kor\u00fd\u0161\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed dohromady vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st antarktick\u00e9ho krilu. P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, na kter\u00e9m z\u00e1vis\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed cel\u00fdch populac\u00ed antarktick\u00fdch velryb, tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f \u010di ryb. Jeho sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete b\u00fdt i vy!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Kril je souhrnn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed pro mal\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 kor\u00fd\u0161e \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed ve sv\u011btov\u00fdch oce\u00e1nech (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v pol\u00e1rn\u00edm p\u00e1su). Slovo kril poch\u00e1z\u00ed z nor\u0161tiny, kde ozna\u010duje obsah \u017ealudku uloven\u00fdch velryb. Obecn\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed n\u00e1zvy antarktick\u00fd kril, seversk\u00fd kril a tichomo\u0159sk\u00fd kril. Ka\u017ed\u00fd je charakteristick\u00fd p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00edc\u00edm druhem, antarktick\u00fd kril se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z 85 druh\u016f kor\u00fd\u0161\u016f, p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edm druhem je krun\u00fd\u0159ovka krilov\u00e1 (euphausia superba).<\/p>\n\n

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Krun\u00fd\u0159ovka krilov\u00e1 (c) Greenpeace \u2013 Christian \u00c5slund<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Po vyl\u00edhnut\u00ed v hlubin\u00e1ch se larva krun\u00fd\u0159ovky vrac\u00ed k hladin\u011b, kde za\u010dne plnit svou nezastupitelnou roli pro antarktick\u00fd ekosyst\u00e9m. Vydatn\u011b se krm\u00ed drobn\u00fdmi \u0159asami, tedy organismy, kter\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed energii a rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd p\u0159em\u011bn\u00ed na energii vyu\u017eitelnou pro dal\u0161\u00ed \u017eivo\u010dichy. \u00dalohou krun\u00fd\u0159ovky tak v podstat\u011b nen\u00ed nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e dopravit energii a uhl\u00edk (z\u00e1kladn\u00ed stavebn\u00ed k\u00e1men bun\u011bk) a \u017eiviny od \u0159as a drobn\u00e9ho zooplanktonu k \u017eivo\u010dich\u016fm na vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm stupni potravn\u00edho \u0159et\u011bzce. Proto\u017ee v Ji\u017en\u00edm ce\u00e1nu podobn\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f ne\u017eije p\u0159\u00edli\u0161, je v\u00fdznam krun\u00fd\u0159ovky naprosto z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. Aby splnila svou \u00falohu v ekosyst\u00e9mu, mus\u00ed p\u0159ekonat mnoho n\u00e1strah. A mus\u00edme si p\u0159iznat, \u017ee ty nejv\u00edce nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 jsme j\u00ed nachystali my lid\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

Ani ne p\u016flro\u010dn\u00ed krun\u00fd\u0159ovka, kter\u00e1 si b\u011bhem podzimu vytvo\u0159ila dostate\u010dn\u00e9 \u201etukov\u00e9\u201c z\u00e1soby, si mus\u00ed zaji\u0161\u0165ovat potravu i v zim\u011b. A\u017e 90 procent uhl\u00edku v t\u011blech mlad\u00fdch krun\u00fd\u0159ovek poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u0159as, kter\u00e9 jsou na povrchu antarktick\u00e9ho ledu. Jen\u017ee kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu led rychle taje a zimn\u00ed potravy pro krun\u00fd\u0159ovky ub\u00fdv\u00e1. A to se krun\u00fd\u0159ovka sna\u017e\u00ed bojovat se zm\u011bnou klimatu, co to jen jde! Antarktick\u00fd kril toti\u017e ro\u010dn\u011b absorbuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,26 procenta \u010dlov\u011bkem vyroben\u00e9ho oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n

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Masa krilu v Antarktid\u011b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

I kdy\u017e krun\u00fd\u0159ovka najde v zim\u011b dostatek potravy, p\u0159e\u017eije a dosp\u011bje, neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee se mohou \u017eivo\u010dichov\u00e9 (z\u00e1visl\u00ed na krun\u00fd\u0159ovce a krilu jako potrav\u011b) radovat. Stovky tis\u00edc tun antarktick\u00e9ho krilu toti\u017e z vod Ji\u017en\u00edho oce\u00e1nu ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b doslova vys\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u011bkolik m\u00e1lo speci\u00e1ln\u00edch ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch lod\u00ed. Kril se proto m\u00edsto potravy pro velryby a dal\u0161\u00ed druhy st\u00e1v\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed krmiva v akvakultu\u0159e, dopl\u0148k\u016f stravy nebo \u017er\u00e1dlem pro ko\u010dky a psy. Za v\u0161\u00edm stoj\u00ed zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se popt\u00e1vka po ryb\u00ed mou\u010dce a oleji, kter\u00fd je bohat\u00fd na nenasycen\u00e9 omega-3 mastn\u00e9 kyseliny. Destruktivn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd rybolov vydrancoval na\u0161e oce\u00e1ny a n\u00e1hrada lovu, tedy chov ryb (akvakultura), se v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b produkce maso\u017erav\u00fdch druh\u016f, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm lososa, bez ryb\u00ed mou\u010dky a oleje neobejde. Popt\u00e1vka po t\u011bchto komodit\u00e1ch dramaticky stoup\u00e1, stejn\u011b tak cena. Jen\u017ee dostupnost tradi\u010dn\u00edch zdroj\u016f t\u011bchto komodit (\u201etu\u010dn\u00fdch\u201c ryb, mezi kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad an\u010doveta peru\u00e1nsk\u00e1) kles\u00e1 kv\u016fli p\u0159eloven\u00ed a klimatick\u00fdm jev\u016fm jako El Ni\u0148o. Proto se ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl poohl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed po jin\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch a antarktick\u00fd kril je pro n\u011bj volba \u010d\u00edslo jedna. Dal\u0161\u00ed r\u00e1nu krilu zasazuje farmaceutick\u00fd a potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, kter\u00fd n\u00e1s neust\u00e1le p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010duje, \u017ee bez dopl\u0148k\u016f stravy s \u201eomega-3\u201c nebudeme zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

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Produkty obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed krilov\u00fd olej.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

P\u0159itom ale sta\u010d\u00ed jen upravit n\u00e1\u0161 j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek. I my toti\u017e m\u00e1me mo\u017enost volby a m\u00edsto um\u011bl\u00fdch dopl\u0148k\u016f m\u016f\u017eeme na\u0161i stravu obohatit t\u0159eba o ln\u011bn\u00e1 sem\u00ednka nebo o\u0159echy, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed vysok\u00fd obsah t\u011bchto l\u00e1tek. Pokud chcete i v budoucnu j\u00edst ryby, preferujte lok\u00e1ln\u00ed druhy ryb. Dobrou alternativou k mo\u0159sk\u00fdm ryb\u00e1m je \u201eomega-3\u201c kapr z Fakulty ryb\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a ochrany vod Jiho\u010desk\u00e9 univerzity. Tento kapr m\u00e1 d\u00edky speci\u00e1ln\u00ed strav\u011b obsah omega-3 nenasycen\u00fdch mastn\u00fdch kyselin srovnateln\u00fd s mo\u0159sk\u00fdmi rybami.<\/p>\n\n

\n
P\u0159idej se ke kampani za z\u00e1chranu oce\u00e1n\u016f<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

Pro ochranu oce\u00e1n\u016f ale m\u016f\u017eeme letos ud\u011blat mnohem v\u00edc. V l\u00e9t\u011b se m\u00e1 na p\u016fd\u011b OSN projedn\u00e1vat n\u00e1vrh nov\u00e9 Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dohody o oce\u00e1nech, kter\u00fd by mohl ochr\u00e1nit a\u017e 30 % voln\u00fdch mo\u0159\u00ed do roku 2030. P\u0159idej se ke kampani za z\u00e1chranu oce\u00e1n\u016f nejen v Antarktid\u011b, ale po cel\u00e9 Zem\u011bkouli.<\/p>\n\n

\n
P\u0159idej se ke kampani za z\u00e1chranu oce\u00e1n\u016f<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tZachra\u0148me oce\u00e1ny!\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Je \u010das vybudovat oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 rezervace a d\u00e1t nad\u011bji na\u0161im oce\u00e1n\u016fm a \u017eivotu v nich. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t \n Jdu do toho\n <\/a>\n \t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ka\u017ed\u00e9 antarktick\u00e9 l\u00e9to naklade sami\u010dka drobn\u00e9 krun\u00fd\u0159ovky krilov\u00e9 tis\u00edce jiker, kter\u00e9 pomalu klesaj\u00ed\u00a0a\u017e do kilometrov\u00e9 hloubky Ji\u017en\u00edho oce\u00e1nu. Tam za\u010dne p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh dal\u0161\u00edho ze stovek bilion\u016f drobn\u00fdch\u00a0kor\u00fd\u0161\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed dohromady vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st antarktick\u00e9ho krilu. P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, na kter\u00e9m z\u00e1vis\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed\u00a0cel\u00fdch populac\u00ed antarktick\u00fdch velryb, tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f \u010di ryb. Jeho sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete b\u00fdt i vy!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":939,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[18],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-938","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-priroda","tag-oceany","p4-page-type-clanek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/938","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=938"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/938\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15383,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/938\/revisions\/15383"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/939"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=938"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=938"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=938"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/czech\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=938"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}