{"id":45559,"date":"2021-03-31T11:20:00","date_gmt":"2021-03-31T09:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/?p=45559"},"modified":"2023-06-30T12:36:27","modified_gmt":"2023-06-30T10:36:27","slug":"new-gmos-danger-ahead","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/issues\/nature-food\/45559\/new-gmos-danger-ahead\/","title":{"rendered":"New GMOs: danger ahead"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Why gene editing is not the answer to the EU\u02bcs environmental challenges<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

en fran\u00e7ais ci-dessous<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

In this briefing<\/a>, Greenpeace warns that the use of so-called gene (or genome) editing techniques like CRISPR-Cas could not only exacerbate the negative effects of industrial farming on nature, animals and people, but it could effectively turn both nature and ourselves (through the food we eat) into a gigantic genetic engineering experiment with unknown, potentially irrevocable outcomes. <\/p>\n\n

Gene editing is a set of new genetic engineering techniques that is both powerful and easy to use. It can be applied in medicine and in various industries, including agriculture, as much as by hobby scientists (biohackers) and the military. <\/p>\n\n

This paper focuses on the environmental release of gene-edited organisms for agricultural purposes. In farming, the use of gene editing could extend far beyond the scope of old-style genetic modification (GM) technology. Potential applications are not limited to agricultural crops and farm animals, but extend to a wide range of wild species. Gene editing also makes it possible to transfer the genetic engineering process from controlled laboratory conditions to open fields and nonagricultural landscapes, essentially converting the environment into
the laboratory. <\/p>\n\n

Proponents of GM technology want the EU to give a pass to most gene-edited organisms by excluding them from Europe\u2019s regulations governing genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This would mean that farmers, retailers and consumers would no longer be able to reject GM products and opt for GM-free choices. It would leave the fate of our food and nature in the hands of a few corporations that have shown to have little regard for people\u02bcs health and the environment. <\/p>\n\n

However, new GMOs are indeed subject to existing EU GMO law pursuant to a July 2018 ruling by the European Court of Justice (ECJ). The EU Commission and Member States have a duty to fully apply and enforce EU GMO law, while fixing weaknesses in the areas of risk assessment, labeling and democratic oversight. The EU must make it a priority to adopt and implement policies that change the predominant chemical-based farming system towards ecological agriculture that works with, not against, nature.<\/p>\n\n

Read the full briefing in English here.<\/a><\/p>\n\n

***<\/p>\n\n

Dans cette note<\/a>, Greenpeace met en garde contre l\u2019utilisation de ce que l\u2019on appelle les techniques d\u2019\u00e9dition g\u00e9nomique (ou du g\u00e9nome) telles que CRISPR-Cas, qui pourraient non seulement exacerber les cons\u00e9quences n\u00e9gatives de l\u2019agriculture intensive sur l\u2019environnement, les animaux et les \u00eatres humains, mais aussi transformer la nature et les populations (par le biais de notre alimentation) en laboratoire
g\u00e9ant d\u2019exp\u00e9rimentation du g\u00e9nie g\u00e9n\u00e9tique, entra\u00eenant des r\u00e9sultats incertains et potentiellement irr\u00e9versibles.<\/p>\n\n

L\u02bc\u00e9dition g\u00e9nomique propose une palette de nouvelles techniques d\u2019ing\u00e9nierie g\u00e9n\u00e9tique, \u00e0 la fois efficaces et faciles \u00e0 utiliser. Cellesci trouvent des applications en m\u00e9decine et dans diff\u00e9rents secteurs, notamment l\u2019agriculture, mais s\u00e9duisent aussi les apprentis scientifiques (biohackers) et l\u2019arm\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n

Ce document se penche sur la lib\u00e9ration dans l\u2019environnement d\u2019organismes au g\u00e9nome modifi\u00e9 \u00e0 des fins agricoles. Dans ce secteur, l\u2019utilisation de l\u2019\u00e9dition g\u00e9nomique pourrait avoir une port\u00e9e bien
plus vaste que les technologies de modification g\u00e9n\u00e9tique classiques. En effet, ses applications potentielles ne se limitent pas aux cultures et aux animaux d\u2019\u00e9levage, mais touchent aussi \u00e0 une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9
d\u2019esp\u00e8ces sauvages. L\u2019\u00e9dition g\u00e9nomique permet en outre, avec le for\u00e7age g\u00e9n\u00e9tique, au processus d\u2019ing\u00e9nierie g\u00e9n\u00e9tique de sortir du contr\u00f4le des laboratoires pour s\u2019appliquer sur les terres agricoles et non agricoles, transformant la nature dans sa globalit\u00e9 en laboratoire g\u00e9ant.<\/p>\n\n

Les adeptes de ces nouvelles technologies souhaitent que l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne (UE) laisse le champ libre \u00e0 la plupart des organismes au g\u00e9nome \u00e9dit\u00e9 en les excluant des r\u00e9glementations europ\u00e9ennes qui
r\u00e9gissent les organismes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiquement modifi\u00e9s (OGM). Cela signifie que les agriculteurs, la grande distribution et les consommateurs ne seraient plus en mesure de choisir d\u2019acheter des produits sans OGM.
Le sort de notre alimentation et de la nature serait ainsi entre les mains d\u2019une poign\u00e9e de multinationales qui ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 montr\u00e9 le peu de cas qu\u2019elles font de la sant\u00e9 humaine et de l\u2019environnement.<\/p>\n\n

Pourtant, les nouveaux OGM sont en fait soumis \u00e0 la l\u00e9gislation europ\u00e9enne sur les OGM comme l\u2019a statu\u00e9 en 2018 la Cour de Justice de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne (CJUE). La Commission europ\u00e9enne et les
Etats membres ont le devoir de faire appliquer et mettre en oeuvre pleinement la l\u00e9gislation existante sur les OGM et rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 ses lacunes en mati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9valuation des risques, d\u2019\u00e9tiquetage et de contr\u00f4le
d\u00e9mocratique. La priorit\u00e9 de l\u2019UE doit \u00eatre d\u2019adopter et mettre en place des politiques qui permettent la transition d\u2019un syst\u00e8me agricole d\u00e9pendant aux produits chimiques vers une agriculture \u00e9cologique
qui travaille en accord avec la nature, et non contre elle.<\/p>\n\n

La note compl\u00e8te disponible en fran\u00e7ais ici.<\/a><\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The use of so-called gene (or genome) editing techniques like CRISPR-Cas could not only exacerbate the negative effects of industrial farming on nature, animals and people, but it could turn both nature and ourselves (through the food we eat) into a gigantic genetic engineering experiment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":45562,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[30],"p4-page-type":[17],"class_list":["post-45559","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nature-food","tag-gmos","p4-page-type-statement"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45559","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45559"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45559\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46717,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45559\/revisions\/46717"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45562"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45559"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45559"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45559"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=45559"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}