{"id":1273,"date":"2018-09-04T16:46:26","date_gmt":"2018-09-04T16:46:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/luxembourg\/?p=1273"},"modified":"2021-12-01T17:34:25","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T15:34:25","slug":"haute-mer-le-traite-de-la-derniere-chance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/luxembourg\/fr\/actualites\/1273\/haute-mer-le-traite-de-la-derniere-chance\/","title":{"rendered":"Haute mer : le trait\u00e9 de la derni\u00e8re chance"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u2019est une opportunit\u00e9 historique qui se pr\u00e9sente \u00e0 nous : les n\u00e9gociations onusiennes sur le Trait\u00e9 mondial sur la haute mer vont enfin s\u2019ouvrir. Greenpeace s\u2019est battue pendant des ann\u00e9es pour qu\u2019un tel trait\u00e9 soit adopt\u00e9. Les enjeux sont immenses. Les scientifiques parlent de \u201cla derni\u00e8re chance pour les oc\u00e9ans\u201d. Et c\u2019est exactement de cela dont il s\u2019agit.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pourquoi l\u2019adoption de ce trait\u00e9 est-elle si importante ?<\/h2>\n

C\u2019est incroyable mais vrai : \u00e0 l\u2019heure actuelle, l\u2019espace oc\u00e9anique se situant au-del\u00e0 des fronti\u00e8res nationales (aussi appel\u00e9 la haute mer) ne fait l\u2019objet d\u2019aucune protection.\u00a0C\u2019est le far west.<\/a>\u00a0Il existe diff\u00e9rents textes et organisations portant sur la haute mer, mais ils r\u00e9gulent principalement son exploitation et n\u2019ont pas pour objet de la prot\u00e9ger.<\/p>\n

Aujourd\u2019hui, nous avons une chance de changer cela :\u00a0un trait\u00e9 mondial pourrait rendre possible la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un vaste r\u00e9seau d\u2019aires marines prot\u00e9g\u00e9es, couvrant au moins 30% des oc\u00e9ans d\u2019ici \u00e0 2030.<\/p>\n

Les oc\u00e9ans sont un immense r\u00e9servoir de nourriture pour les animaux marins et les \u00eatres humains. Sans eux, nous ne pourrions pas survivre sur cette plan\u00e8te. Ce ne sont pas seulement d\u2019immenses r\u00e9serves d\u2019eau sal\u00e9e. C\u2019est tout un monde grouillant de vie qui s\u2019\u00e9tend \u00e0 perte de vue, l\u2019habitat d\u2019une biodiversit\u00e9 exceptionnelle, dont des tortues, des baleines, des requins, des dauphins, et tellement plus. Au plus profond, sur le plancher oc\u00e9anique, des r\u00e9cifs coralliens et des jardins d\u2019\u00e9ponges foisonnent dans l\u2019obscurit\u00e9, offrant ainsi un refuge pour les poissons d\u2019eaux profondes et de nombreuses autres cr\u00e9atures. Nous commen\u00e7ons \u00e0 peine \u00e0 explorer ce monde myst\u00e9rieux, mais une chose est d\u2019ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 claire : si nous ne le prot\u00e9geons pas d\u00e8s maintenant, nous le perdrons avant m\u00eame d\u2019avoir vraiment fait sa connaissance.<\/p>\n

\"Une

Une tortue verte (Chelonia mydas) nage parmi les algues. Les Maldives sont un des pays les plus menac\u00e9s par les effets du changement climatique, avec la mont\u00e9e des eaux et l’\u00e9rosion. Sa spectaculaire vie marine sera \u00e9galement bient\u00f4t menac\u00e9e par sa sensibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 l’augmentation des temp\u00e9ratures de l’eau.<\/p><\/div>\n

Les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes marins de la haute mer sont-ils en danger ?<\/h2>\n

La p\u00eache industrielle, la pollution plastique, les forages en eaux profondes\u2026 Plus que jamais, toutes ces activit\u00e9s humaines sont des menaces pour les oc\u00e9ans.\u00a0Les flottes de p\u00eache les plus modernes parviennent \u00e0 atteindre les zones les plus recul\u00e9es et les plus profondes<\/a>. Des millions de tonnes de poissons sont captur\u00e9es dans les filets des bateaux de p\u00eache chaque ann\u00e9e, et avec eux, des milliers de tortues, requins et dauphins, dommages collat\u00e9raux d\u2019une activit\u00e9 pratiqu\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re industrielle (c\u2019est le cas de la p\u00eache au thon par exemple<\/a>). Dans le m\u00eame temps, environ huit millions de tonnes de d\u00e9chets plastiques viennent polluer nos oc\u00e9ans chaque ann\u00e9e, les transformant en des d\u00e9charges \u00e0 ciel ouvert, et les cons\u00e9quences du changement climatique (comme\u00a0l\u2019acidification des oc\u00e9ans<\/a>\u00a0et le r\u00e9chauffement climatique) font de la protection des oc\u00e9ans une urgence de premier ordre.<\/p>\n

Les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes marins fatiguent et auraient bien besoin d\u2019un peu de r\u00e9pit. La solution la plus efficace pour leur en donner est de cr\u00e9er un r\u00e9seaux d\u2019aires marines prot\u00e9g\u00e9es, o\u00f9 toutes les activit\u00e9s extractives et destructrices seraient interdites. Ils pourraient alors se r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rer et prosp\u00e9rer sereinement. La communaut\u00e9 scientifique appelle \u00e0 la protection d\u2019au moins 30% des oc\u00e9ans d\u2019ici \u00e0 2030, au sein et en dehors des eaux territoriales. Jusqu\u2019ici, nous atteignons tout juste les 1%. La marge de progression est immense. Cela pourrait commencer, nous l\u2019esp\u00e9rons, avec la cr\u00e9ation de la plus grande r\u00e9serve marine du monde en Antarctique.<\/p>\n

En savoir plus sur notre campagne en Antarctique<\/a><\/p>\n

Les deux prochaines ann\u00e9es sont cruciales : les gouvernements prendront-ils conscience des responsabilit\u00e9s qui leur incombent, en pla\u00e7ant la protection des oc\u00e9ans au-dessus des int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e9conomiques ? Dans quelques jours, ce sera le moment de fixer le cap, mais surtout, de s\u2019y tenir. Les n\u00e9gociations auront lieu jusqu\u2019en 2020 et la bataille ne fait que commencer.<\/p>\n

Pour \u00eatre efficace, le Trait\u00e9 mondial sur la haute mer devra donner la possibilit\u00e9 aux Etats parties de cr\u00e9er des sanctuaires marins, incluant des mesures de protection drastiques. Une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation de Greenpeace sera donc pr\u00e9sente \u00e0 New-York au si\u00e8ge des Nations unies \u00e0 partir du 4 septembre pour faire de la protection des oc\u00e9ans une priorit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Article Source<\/a><\/strong> : Greenpeace France<\/em><\/p>\n

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C\u2019est une opportunit\u00e9 historique qui se pr\u00e9sente \u00e0 nous : les n\u00e9gociations onusiennes sur le Trait\u00e9 mondial sur la haute mer vont enfin s\u2019ouvrir. Greenpeace s\u2019est battue pendant des ann\u00e9es…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":1274,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[29,38],"p4-page-type":[85],"class_list":["post-1273","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nature","tag-oceans","tag-biodiversite","p4-page-type-actualites"],"yoast_head":"\nHaute mer : le trait\u00e9 de la derni\u00e8re chance - Greenpeace Luxembourg<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/luxembourg\/fr\/actualites\/1273\/haute-mer-le-traite-de-la-derniere-chance\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Haute mer : le trait\u00e9 de la derni\u00e8re chance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C\u2019est une opportunit\u00e9 historique qui se pr\u00e9sente \u00e0 nous : les n\u00e9gociations onusiennes sur le Trait\u00e9 mondial sur la haute mer vont enfin s\u2019ouvrir. 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