{"id":7783,"date":"2020-12-04T16:52:14","date_gmt":"2020-12-04T13:52:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/mena\/%d9%85%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%91%d8%b1%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b3%d8%b7-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%84-%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%b6-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%85%d8%b3\/"},"modified":"2021-12-01T15:30:31","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T12:30:31","slug":"middle-east-so2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/mena\/en\/middle-east-so2\/","title":{"rendered":"Middle East Records Some of the Highest Global SO2 Emissions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large  caption-style-medium caption-alignment-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/mena\/wp-content\/uploads\/115a5055-screen-shot-2020-12-04-at-3.42.43-pm.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7776\"\/><figcaption><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><em>Saudi Arabia records the highest levels of emissions in the region followed by Kuwait, UAE, Iraq and Morocco<\/em><\/li><li><em>Emission hotspots\u2019 proximity to population centers increase public health risks<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<p><strong>Beirut &#8211; 7 December 2020: <\/strong>The Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air- CREA and Greenpeace India released their report about Ranking the World\u2019s Sulphur Dioxide Emissions Hotspots 2019-2020, which revealed the emissions of this toxic gas resulting annually from anthropogenic activities in the energy, oil, gas and&nbsp; smelting sectors.<\/p>\n\n<p>Despite the general decrease in SO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions around the world, the Middle East is still one of the worst polluted regions, specifically emissions around the Gulf region which did not witness any significant change between 2018 and 2019.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Ahmad El Droubi, Senior Campaigner in Greenpeace MENA said: \u201dWe issue this kind of report as we believe that the measurement and tracking of air quality should be a priority. Sulfur dioxide is a colourless air pollutant that is invisible to the human eye, widespread and hazardous to human health. Breathing SO<sub>2<\/sub> increases the risk of health conditions including stroke, heart disease, asthma, lung cancer and premature death.\u201d<\/p>\n\n<p>For this CREA\/Greenpeace report, researchers used satellite data and a global catalogue of SO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions sources from the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to detect emissions hotspots. The data was analysed to identify source industries and emissions trends.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cDespite the global drop in emissions by 47.25% since 2005, the Middle East and North Africa region recorded a decrease of only 8.5% in the same period. And the report did not find any sigificant change between the years 2018 and 2019, and that the Gulf remains one of the most polluted regions with SO<sub>2<\/sub> and is a major hotspot of global emissions.\u201d<\/p>\n\n<p>The report revealed that Saudi Arabia recorded the highest levels of sulfur dioxide emissions in the Middle East and North Africa in 2019, followed by Kuwait, the UAE, Iraq and Morocco. The UAE and Iraq witnessed a decrease in the emissions levels between the years 2018 and 2019, however this change was within the range of annual variability. The levels of emissions of this gas in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait did not record any significant change in the same period. Morocco recorded an increase of 15% in the levels of emissions of sulfur dioxide between 2018 and 2019.<\/p>\n\n<p>The Norilsk smelter site in Russia was the biggest source of anthropogenic SO2 emissions in the world in 2019, the Rabigh oil and gas hotspot in Saudi Arabia ranked second.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image  caption-style-medium caption-alignment-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/d_EU_gfR89HFxHmZCQr7ps9ODFHURKfFlXsEE-fj7knGxOY1Lk-ol9kQL5K8kOHmArfhFp0p5nr8ZN68QM588aUAMQfVqJfQsvByOv6vKPSkdPvARRsL-1FC31Hm6nkeZzbsvDF9\" alt=\"\" title=\"Chart\"\/><\/figure>\n\n<p><strong><em>Table:<\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp; <\/em><em>The&nbsp; countries in the region that are among the&nbsp; 25 countries that emitted the greatest amount of anthropogenic SO<\/em><em><sub>2<\/sub><\/em><em> (kt\/yr) in 2018 and 2019, estimated by NASA,&nbsp; See <\/em><em>Table A1<\/em><em> and <\/em><em>Table A2 in report <\/em><em>&nbsp;for uncertainty ranges and wording scheme. Data source: NASA MEaSUREs.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Global Ranking<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Country \/ Region<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>2018<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>2019<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Relative change<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Direction of change<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Confidence in direction of change<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&#8211;<\/td><td>worldwide<\/td><td>30,604<\/td><td>28,704<\/td><td>-6%<\/td><td>down<\/td><td>virtually certain<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4<\/td><td>Saudi Arabia<\/td><td>1,861<\/td><td>1,910<\/td><td>3%<\/td><td>up<\/td><td>uncertain<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>16<\/td><td>Kuwait<\/td><td>394<\/td><td>396<\/td><td>1%<\/td><td>up<\/td><td>uncertain<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>19<\/td><td>United Arab Emirates<\/td><td>419<\/td><td>271<\/td><td>-35%<\/td><td>down<\/td><td>virtually certain<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>23<\/td><td>Iraq<\/td><td>370<\/td><td>223<\/td><td>-40%<\/td><td>down<\/td><td>virtually certain<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>24<\/td><td>Morocco<\/td><td>171<\/td><td>197<\/td><td>15%<\/td><td>up<\/td><td>likely<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p><strong><em>Table:<\/em><\/strong><em> <\/em><em>The top anthropogenic SO<\/em><em><sub>2 <\/sub><\/em><em>emission hotspots in the region ranked within the top 20 worldwide. Data source: NASA MEaSUREs (partially renamed and\/or reclassified, as described in report).<\/em><em><br><\/em><\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Rank<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Hotspot<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Country \/ Region<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Source type<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Emissions 2019 (kt)<\/strong><strong>(95%-confidence interval)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>best estimate<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>low estimate<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>high estimate<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2<\/td><td>Rabigh<\/td><td>Saudi Arabia<\/td><td>Oil &amp; Gas<\/td><td>652<\/td><td>569<\/td><td>735<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10<\/td><td>Al Doha<\/td><td>Kuwait<\/td><td>Oil &amp; Gas<\/td><td>351<\/td><td>307<\/td><td>395<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>13<\/td><td>Shaiba<\/td><td>Saudi Arabia<\/td><td>Oil &amp; Gas<\/td><td>301<\/td><td>260<\/td><td>342<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>15<\/td><td>Fereidoon<\/td><td>Saudi Arabia<\/td><td>Oil &amp; Gas<\/td><td>291<\/td><td>243<\/td><td>339<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>18<\/td><td>Das Island<\/td><td>United Arab Emirates<\/td><td>Oil &amp; Gas<\/td><td>271<\/td><td>229<\/td><td>312<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>20<\/td><td>Jeddah<\/td><td>Saudi Arabia<\/td><td>Oil &amp; Gas<\/td><td>233<\/td><td>197<\/td><td>268<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p>Anthropogenic SO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions fell by approximately 6% worldwide in 2019. For only the second time on record, anthropogenic SO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions decreased in all of the top three emitter countries: India, Russia and China. India\u2019s toxic SO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions fell in 2019 for the first time in four years as coal use decreased in the country.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201dBurning fossil fuels, including coal, oil and gas, is considered the biggest source of sulfur dioxide emissions,\u201d added El Droubi. \u201cThe data reveals increased amounts of SO2 close to power plants, oil refineries and industrial areas and the health impacts from this are likely to be felt over huge areas.\u201d<\/p>\n\n<p>These emissions tracked by satellites are affecting the health of millions of people, many who have had their lives cut short or their health compromised, showing the urgency of implementing stronger emissions regulations and transitioning to clean energy sources.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201cGreenpeace calls on all governments to stop investing in fossil fuels and to transition to safer and more sustainable energy sources such as solar and wind power,\u201d concluded El Droubi. \u201cThere is also an urgent need to enhance emissions standards and implement flue gas pollution control technology in power plants, smelters, the oil sector, and other industrial SO<sub>2<\/sub> emitters.\u201d<\/p>\n\t\t\t<section\n\t\t\tclass=\"boxout post-5141 \"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\t\tdata-ga-category=\"Take Action Boxout\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-ga-action=\"Image\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-ga-label=\"n\/a\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"cover-card-overlay\"\n\t\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/mena\/en\/act\/for-a-healthy-and-clean-air\/\" \n\t\t\t><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img\n\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-mena-stateless\/2019\/08\/324ca8d3-gp0stqf5i_medium_res-1024x683.jpg\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tsrcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-mena-stateless\/2019\/08\/324ca8d3-gp0stqf5i_medium_res-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-mena-stateless\/2019\/08\/324ca8d3-gp0stqf5i_medium_res-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-mena-stateless\/2019\/08\/324ca8d3-gp0stqf5i_medium_res-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-mena-stateless\/2019\/08\/324ca8d3-gp0stqf5i_medium_res-510x340.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-mena-stateless\/2019\/08\/324ca8d3-gp0stqf5i_medium_res.jpg 1200w\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tsizes=\"(min-width: 1000px) 358px, (min-width: 780px) 313px, 88px\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\talt=\"\" title=\"\"\n\t\t\t\t\/>\n            \t\t\t<div class=\"boxout-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"boxout-heading medium\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-ga-category=\"Take Action Boxout\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-ga-action=\"Title\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-ga-label=\"n\/a\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/mena\/en\/act\/for-a-healthy-and-clean-air\/\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tFor a healthy and clean air\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"boxout-excerpt\">More than 90% of the world&#8217;s population suffers from toxic outdoor air.\r\n\r\nAir pollution is estimated to cause more than 7 million premature deaths worldwide each year.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t                                    <a\n                        class=\"btn btn-primary\"\n                        data-ga-category=\"Take Action Boxout\"\n                        data-ga-action=\"Call to Action\"\n                        data-ga-label=\"n\/a\"\n                        href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/mena\/en\/act\/for-a-healthy-and-clean-air\/\"\n                        \n                    >\n                        Join Us\n                    <\/a>\n                \t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The report revealed that Saudi Arabia recorded the highest levels of sulfur dioxide emissions in the Middle East and North Africa in 2019, followed by Kuwait, the UAE, Iraq and Morocco<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":7811,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_planet4_optimize_post_is_variant":false,"_planet4_optimize_experiment_name":"","_planet4_optimize_variant_name":"","ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"Corporate ICE\/ Clean Air Now","p4_local_project":"Local Project 1","p4_basket_name":"Climate & Energy","p4_department":"MENA","footnotes":""},"categories":[277],"tags":[78,81,102],"p4-page-type":[97],"class_list":{"0":"post-7783","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-greenpeace-middle-east-and-north-africa","8":"tag-_-en","10":"tag-oil","11":"p4-page-type-press-release"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - 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More than nine years have passed since I joined the team at Greenpeace, and it seems like just yesterday! I think I can speak for everyone here when I say that our team is special, in how we work together, how we relate to each other, how we resolve our differences and even how we express our frustration. It has always been great to end the day with an outing with the team, or a heated debate about current events. A week in the office was never complete without some kind of activity that brought us together as people, celebrating our passion for life, hobbies and interests, and - I must admit, several practical jokes! Moving our work online has definitely had an impact on our relationships with colleagues, volunteers, and external partners Somehow it feels like we\u2019ve been invited to become part of each other\u2019s lives at home: parents, partners, children and pets have now become regular guests on our video calls. I\u2019m proud to be working with a team that appreciates all its members in all the colour and diversity they bring to the table! 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More than nine years have passed since I joined the team at Greenpeace, and it seems like just yesterday! I think I can speak for everyone here when I say that our team is special, in how we work together, how we relate to each other, how we resolve our differences and even how we express our frustration. It has always been great to end the day with an outing with the team, or a heated debate about current events. A week in the office was never complete without some kind of activity that brought us together as people, celebrating our passion for life, hobbies and interests, and - I must admit, several practical jokes! Moving our work online has definitely had an impact on our relationships with colleagues, volunteers, and external partners Somehow it feels like we\u2019ve been invited to become part of each other\u2019s lives at home: parents, partners, children and pets have now become regular guests on our video calls. 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