{"id":1146,"date":"2017-04-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-04-06T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/master.k8s.p4.greenpeace.org\/romania\/articol\/1146\/ce-respiram\/"},"modified":"2019-11-06T12:04:26","modified_gmt":"2019-11-06T09:04:26","slug":"ce-respiram","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/articol\/1146\/ce-respiram\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce respir\u0103m?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"leader\" style=\"font-weight: bold;margin-bottom: 12px\">\n\tTu \u0219tii ce respiri?\n<\/div>\n<div>\n\t<span>Substan\u021bele nocive din aer se g\u0103sesc \u00een form\u0103 solid\u0103, lichid\u0103 sau gazoas\u0103 \u0219i sunt \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bite \u00een dou\u0103 categorii: poluan\u021bi primari \u0219i secundari. Poluan\u021bii primari rezult\u0103 \u00een mod direct dintr-un proces provocat de om sau natur\u0103, \u00een schimb poluan\u021bii secundari se formeaz\u0103 ca urmare a unor reac\u021bii din atmosfer\u0103 \u00eentre poluan\u021bii primari \u0219i alte particule. Ozonul format la nivelul solului este un exemplu important de poluant secundar.<\/span><br \/>\n<strong>Principalii poluan\u021bi atmosferici:<br class=\"kix-line-break\"><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<strong>Dioxid de Sulf (SO2)<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Dioxid de sulf (SO2) este un gaz iritant, cu un miros \u00een\u021bep\u0103tor, fiind emis \u00een principal din arderea combustibililor ce con\u021bin sulf \u2013 c\u0103rbune, petrol, etc.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Sectorul producerii de energie este cel mai mare emi\u021b\u0103tor de oxizi de sulf (SOx), contribuind cu 58% la totalul emisiilor din Uniunea European\u0103 \u00een 2014.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<strong>Dioxid de Azot (NO2)<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Dioxidul de Azot este un gaz toxic cu un miros caracteristic ascu\u021bit fiind un proeminent poluant al aerului.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Sursele principale de NO2 sunt procesele de ardere. \u00cen Europa transportul contribuie cu 46% la totalul emisiilor de noxe (NOx)<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<strong>Pulberi in suspensie (PM)<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Pulberile \u00een suspensie (PM) reprezint\u0103 un amestec de particule de aerosoli (solide \u0219i lichide) care cuprind o gam\u0103 larg\u0103 de dimensiuni \u0219i compozi\u021bii chimice. PM10 se refer\u0103 la pulberile cu un diametru de 10 micrometri iar PM2,5 la pulberile cu un diametru mai mic de 2,5 micrometri.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>PM sunt emise de numeroase surse umane, inclusiv arderea combustibililor fosili.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<strong>Monoxid de Carbon (CO)<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Monoxidul de carbon este un gaz asfixiant, toxic, incolor \u0219i inodor, care ia na\u0219tere din arderea incomplet\u0103 a combustibililor fosili.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Cea mai mare surs\u0103 de CO este transportul rutier.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<strong>Dioxid de Carbon (CO2)<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Dioxidul de carbon este un gaz cu efect de ser\u0103, care este emis prin arderea combustibililor fosili.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Sursele majore sunt produc\u021bia de energie electric\u0103, industria prelucr\u0103toare \u0219i industria metalurgic\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<strong>Compu\u0219i Organici Volatili (COV)<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Compu\u0219i Organici Volatili sunt acele gaze din vaporii degaja\u021bi de combustibili sau solven\u021bi.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Principalele emisii de COV provin din procese ce folosesc <\/span><span>lacuri \u0219i vopsele<\/span><span>,<\/span><span> benzin\u0103, kerosen \u0219i alte substan\u021be volatile.<\/span><span><br class=\"kix-line-break\"><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<strong>Benzen<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Benzenul este un lichid incolor, cu un u\u0219or miros caracteristic, ce este un constituent natural al petrolului. Este folosit \u00een principal ca materie prim\u0103 \u00een industria chimic\u0103. Acesta ajunge in aer din emisiile autovehiculelor \u0219i din benzin\u0103rii \u0219i rafin\u0103rii petroliere.<\/span><span><br class=\"kix-line-break\"><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<strong>Metale grele<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Metale grele reprezint\u0103 termenul general folosit pentru <\/span><span>metalele <\/span><span>toxice, reziduurile acestora produc\u00e2nd <\/span><span>poluarea <\/span><span>mediului \u00eenconjur\u0103tor. <\/span><br \/>\n<span>Emisiile antropogene de metale toxice provin \u00een principal din arderea combustibililor fosili, produc\u021bia de metale \u0219i incinerarea de\u0219eurilor.<\/span><span><br class=\"kix-line-break\"><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li dir=\"ltr\">\n<strong>Ozon de la nivelul solului<\/strong>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Ozonul de la nivelul solului este un poluant secundar format prin interac\u021biunea dintre lumina soarelui cu oxizii de azot (NOx) \u0219i compusii organici volatili (COV).<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Amplasarea ridicat\u0103 a stratului de ozon are func\u021bie de protec\u021bie \u00eempotriva razelor ultraviolete, \u00een timp ce prezen\u021ba acestuia la nivelul solului, poate avea efecte adverse.<\/span>\u00a0\n<\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div>\n\tTu \u0219tii ce respiri?\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"p4-page-type":[30],"class_list":["post-1146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clima-si-energie","p4-page-type-articol"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1146","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1146"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1146\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1147,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1146\/revisions\/1147"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1146"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1146"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1146"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=1146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}