{"id":5641,"date":"2021-03-16T11:22:41","date_gmt":"2021-03-16T08:22:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/?p=5641"},"modified":"2026-04-02T12:57:33","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T09:57:33","slug":"noul-raport-mondial-despre-calitatea-aerului-dezvaluie-modificari-substantiale-in-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/articol\/5641\/noul-raport-mondial-despre-calitatea-aerului-dezvaluie-modificari-substantiale-in-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"Noul raport mondial despre calitatea aerului dezv\u0103luie modific\u0103ri substan\u021biale \u00een 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Rezultatele subliniaz\u0103 rolul pe care \u00eel are comportamentul uman \u00een poluarea aerului<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Noi date de la platforma global\u0103 de date privind calitatea aerului IQAir, publicate \u00een <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2021\/03\/d8050eab-2020-world_air_quality_report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Raportul mondial al calit\u0103\u021bii aerului pe 2020<\/a>, dezv\u0103luie impactul carantinei COVID-19 \u0219i modific\u0103rile aduse nivelurilor globale de poluare cu particule fine (PM2.5). Datele pot fi vizualizate online pe o <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iqair.com\/world-air-quality-report\">hart\u0103 global\u0103 interactiv\u0103.<\/a><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image  caption-style-medium caption-alignment-center\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2021\/03\/08e7e4f4-air-quality-report-europa.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5647\" width=\"553\" height=\"344\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2021\/03\/08e7e4f4-air-quality-report-europa.jpg 661w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2021\/03\/08e7e4f4-air-quality-report-europa-300x187.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2021\/03\/08e7e4f4-air-quality-report-europa-510x318.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 553px) 100vw, 553px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<p><strong>Descoperiri cheie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Impactul COVID-19: \u00een 2020, 84% dintre \u021b\u0103rile monitorizate au observat \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021biri ale calit\u0103\u021bii aerului, \u00een mare parte datorit\u0103 m\u0103surilor globale de \u00eencetinire a r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirii COVID-19. \u00cembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birile privind calitatea aerului \u00een 2020 comparativ cu 2019 au fost observate \u00een ora\u0219e precum Beijing (-11%), Chicago (-13%), Delhi (-15%), Londra (-16%), Paris (-17%) \u0219i Seul (-16 %).<\/li><li>Doar 24 din cele 106 \u021b\u0103ri monitorizate au respectat recomand\u0103rile anuale ale Organiza\u021biei Mondiale a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii (OMS) pentru PM2.5 \u00een 2020.<\/li><li>Schimb\u0103rile climatice continu\u0103 s\u0103 afecteze calitatea aerului: anul 2020 este la egalitate cu 2016 ca fiind cel mai fierbinte an \u00eenregistrat. Incendiile \u0219i furtunile de nisip alimentate de fenomene meteo extreme au dus la niveluri extrem de ridicate de poluare \u00een California, America de Sud, Siberia \u0219i Australia.<\/li><li>Europa: \u00een 2020, aproximativ jum\u0103tate dintre ora\u0219ele europene au dep\u0103\u0219it recomandarea OMS privind poluarea anual\u0103 cu PM2,5. Cele mai ridicate niveluri de poluare cu PM2,5 au fost \u00eenregistrate \u00een Europa de Sud-Est, Bosnia Her\u021begovina, Macedonia de Nord \u0219i Bulgaria fiind \u00een frunte.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n<p><strong>Rom\u00e2nia s-a clasat pe locul 15 \u00een topul celor mai poluate \u021b\u0103ri din Europa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>Concentra\u021biile de PM2.5 tind s\u0103 fie mai mari \u00een Europa de Sud \u0219i de Est dec\u00e2t \u00een Europa de Nord \u0219i de Vest. Aceast\u0103 tendin\u021b\u0103 este deosebit de pronun\u021bat\u0103 \u00een timpul iernii, c\u00e2nd \u021b\u0103rile cu o dependen\u021b\u0103 mai mare de energie pe baz\u0103 de c\u0103rbune \u0219i arderea biomasei pentru \u00eenc\u0103lzire observ\u0103 cele mai mari fluctua\u021bii sezoniere. Zonele urbane din Polonia, Bosnia-Her\u021begovina, Serbia \u0219i Turcia experimenteaz\u0103 \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit dou\u0103 sau mai multe luni \u00een care calitatea aerului este clasificat\u0103 ca \u201enes\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103\u201d (\u2265 55,5 \u03bcg \/ m3) conform standardelor AQI ale SUA.<br>Ora\u0219ele europene sunt poluate cronic, 18% experiment\u00e2nd 50 sau mai multe zile \u00een care obiectivele zilnice ale OMS (\u2265 25,5 \u03bcg \/ m3) sunt \u00eenc\u0103lcate.<\/p>\n\n<p>Monitorizarea \u0219i raportarea guvernamental\u0103 a calit\u0103\u021bii aerului \u00een Europa este relativ\u0103. \u00cen timp ce Europa de Nord \u0219i de Vest constituie cele mai dense re\u021bele de monitorizare a calit\u0103\u021bii aerului cu 818 ora\u0219e acoperite, \u00een Europa de Est \u0219i de Sud sunt doar 616 ora\u0219e acoperite. Monitorizarea calit\u0103\u021bii aerului este comun\u0103 \u00een marile ora\u0219e \u0219i zone urbane \u0219i mai pu\u021bin frecvent\u0103 \u00een zonele rurale.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201c\u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, autorit\u0103\u021bile nu monitorizeaz\u0103 corespunz\u0103tor PM 2.5 \u00een zonele urbane. \u00cen urma acestei lipse de date au ap\u0103rut mai multe re\u021bele independente de m\u0103surare a acestui poluant care aduc date valoroase publicului. \u00cen Bucure\u0219ti doar una din cele 6 sta\u021bii oficiale monitorizeaz\u0103 praful fin, \u0219i acea e amplasat\u0103 la periferia ora\u0219ului, pe malul lacului Morii\u201d a declarat Alin T\u0103nase, coordonator de campanii Greenpeace Rom\u00e2nia.<\/p>\n\n<p>Raportul con\u021bine \u0219i un top al celor mai poluate capitale la nivel mondial, unde Bucure\u0219tiul ocup\u0103 locul 51. Cea mai poluat\u0103 capital\u0103 este Delhi, India, iar la polul opus, aerul cel mai curat este g\u0103sit \u00een insule din mijlocul oceanului, precum Virgin Islands \u0219i Noua Zeeland\u0103, sau \u00een capitalele \u021b\u0103rilor nordice Suedia \u0219i Finlanda.<\/p>\n\n<p>&#8222;Multe p\u0103r\u021bi ale lumii au cunoscut \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021biri f\u0103r\u0103 precedent, dar de scurt\u0103 durat\u0103, a calit\u0103\u021bii aerului \u00een 2020, deoarece restric\u021biile legate de pandemia COVID-19 au cauzat o sc\u0103dere accentuat\u0103 a consumului de combustibili fosili&#8221;, a spus Lauri Myllyvirta, analist principal la Centrul pentru Cercet\u0103ri privind energia \u0219i aerul curat (CREA). &#8222;Aceast\u0103 calitate \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103 a aerului a \u00eensemnat zeci de mii de decese evitate din cauza polu\u0103rii aerului. Prin tranzi\u021bia c\u0103tre energie curat\u0103 \u0219i transport curat putem realiza acelea\u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021biri \u00eentr-un mod sus\u021binut.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Noi date de la platforma global\u0103 de date privind calitatea aerului IQAir, publicate \u00een Raportul mondial al calit\u0103\u021bii aerului pe 2020, dezv\u0103luie impactul carantinei COVID-19 \u0219i modific\u0103rile aduse nivelurilor globale de poluare cu particule fine (PM2.5).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":5647,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,31],"tags":[132],"p4-page-type":[],"class_list":["post-5641","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clima-si-energie","category-greenpeace","tag-campanii-vechi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5641"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7122,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5641\/revisions\/7122"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5641"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5641"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5641"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=5641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}