{"id":6855,"date":"2021-11-05T11:52:33","date_gmt":"2021-11-05T08:52:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/?p=6855"},"modified":"2021-11-05T15:58:05","modified_gmt":"2021-11-05T12:58:05","slug":"de-ce-energia-nucleara-nu-e-o-solutie-pentru-criza-climatica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/articol\/6855\/de-ce-energia-nucleara-nu-e-o-solutie-pentru-criza-climatica\/","title":{"rendered":"De ce energia nuclear\u0103 nu e o solu\u021bie pentru criza climatic\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Prima s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 din noiembrie este una nuclear\u0103.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Pre\u0219edinte Rom\u00e2niei, Klaus Iohannis, <\/strong>a anun\u021bat la evenimentul climatic COP26 Glasgow <\/strong><\/a>c\u0103 \u201eRom\u00e2nia va include \u00een sistemul na\u021bional de producere a energiei Reactoare Modulare Mici (SMR) p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een anul 2028\u201d. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Cosmin Ghi\u021b\u0103 – CEO Nuclearelectrica \u0219i John L. Hopkins – CEO NuScale Power <\/strong>au semnat deja<\/strong><\/a> Acordul de Cooperare pentru implementarea reactoarelor modulare mici (SMR) de tip NuScale \u00een Rom\u00e2nia.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Iar Virgil Popescu, ministrul interimar al Energiei, anun\u021b\u0103 c\u0103 \u201eRom\u00e2nia va construi primul reactor modular de mici dimensiuni american (SMR) pentru a contracara criza climatic\u0103.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Greenpeace a criticat proiectul \u0219i se opune dezvolt\u0103rii de noi capacit\u0103\u021bi de produc\u021bie a energiei din surse nucleare. Acestea <\/strong>prezint\u0103 un risc inacceptabil pentru mediu \u015fi omenire \u0219i \u00eenseamn\u0103 costuri financiare foarte mari, \u00eenc\u0103 nedezv\u0103luite de autorit\u0103\u021bi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Principalele motive \u00eempotriva energiei nucleare:<\/p>\n\n

\u2022 Energia nuclear\u0103 reprezint\u0103 o diversiune costisitoare de la dezvoltarea \u0219i implementarea la scar\u0103 larg\u0103 a energiei regenerabile, a eficien\u021bei energetice \u0219i a sistemelor energetice descentralizate, accesibile, necesare pentru un viitor cu emisii reduse de carbon<\/p>\n\n

\u2022 Avem alternative reale, mai sigure, mai rapide \u0219i mai ieftine pentru a reduce emisiile de carbon, utiliz\u00e2nd energie regenerabil\u0103 \u0219i m\u0103suri de eficien\u021b\u0103 energetic\u0103<\/p>\n\n

\u2022 Nu exist\u0103 o solu\u021bie dovedit\u0103 pentru tratarea de\u0219eurilor radioactive<\/p>\n\n

\u2022 Extinderea energiei nucleare la nivel interna\u021bional ar cre\u0219te considerabil riscurile asociate terorismului \u0219i prolifer\u0103rii armelor nucleare<\/p>\n\n

\u2022 Centralele nucleare nu pot fi construite la timp pentru a combate criza climatic\u0103, \u00eenghit bugete enorme \u0219i au costuri \u00een continua cre\u0219tere, deci sunt ineficiente \u0219i ca solu\u021bie pentru criza climatic\u0103, nu numai pentru cea energetic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"
Around 20 activists protest at the main entrance of the Engie headquarters to ask the application of the \u201cpolluter pays\u201d principle. Engie, a French multinational electric utility company, must pay for all the radioactive waste it produced, instead of trying to push this bill towards the taxpayer.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n


<\/strong>Mo\u0219tenirea toxic\u0103 a deceniilor de func\u021bionare a reactoarelor nucleare \u0219i toate de\u0219eurile<\/strong> care continu\u0103 s\u0103 fie produse, r\u0103m\u00e2n un element central \u00een orice dezbatere privind viitorul energie nucleare<\/strong>, inclusiv \u00een decizii privind eliminarea treptat\u0103 a reactoarelor nucleare. Pentru fiecare an de func\u021bionare a reactoarelor, de\u0219eurile nucleare din \u00eentreaga lume vor continua s\u0103 fie generate f\u0103r\u0103 un loc permanent \u0219i sigur de depozitare. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n


Greenpeace a cerut unora dintre cei mai importan\u021bi exper\u021bi mondiali \u00een domeniul de\u0219eurilor nucleare s\u0103 elaboreze o imagine de ansamblu asupra st\u0103rii actuale a de\u0219eurilor nucleare<\/a> din \u00eentreaga lume. F\u0103r\u0103 excep\u021bie, toate \u021b\u0103rile analizate nu au o solu\u021bie durabil\u0103 \u0219i sigur\u0103 pentru gestionarea volumelor mari de de\u0219euri nucleare<\/strong>. Aceste de\u0219euri includ combustibil uzat, puternic radioactiv, desc\u0103rcat din reactorul nuclear, pentru care p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent toate eforturile de a g\u0103si op\u021biuni de eliminare permanent\u0103 \u0219i sigur\u0103 au e\u0219uat.<\/p>\n\n

Pe langa aspecte ce \u021bin de protec\u021bia mediului, energia nuclear\u0103 este foarte scump\u0103 \u0219i are costuri \u00een continu\u0103 cre\u0219tere<\/strong>. \u00cen ultimii cinci ani, costul nivelat al energiei nucleare a crescut cu peste 50%, \u00een timp ce sursele regenerabile au devenit acum cel mai ieftin tip de generare de energie. Ceea ce este remarcabil \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu aceste tendin\u021be este costul tehnologiilor ce folosesc surse regenerabile de energie, care continu\u0103 s\u0103 scad\u0103 <\/strong>datorit\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birilor succesive de fabricare \u0219i instalare, \u00een timp ce energia nuclear\u0103, \u00een ciuda a peste jum\u0103tate de secol de experien\u021b\u0103 industrial\u0103, continu\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eenregistreze costuri \u00een cre\u0219tere. <\/strong>Conform raportului privind Situa\u021bia Industriei Nucleare \u00een 2020<\/a>, costul nivelat al energiei din energia nuclear\u0103 a crescut de la aproximativ 117 USD\/MWh \u00een 2015 la 155 USD p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2019. \u00cen compara\u021bie, costul nivelat al energiei solare \u0219i eoliene a sc\u0103zut \u00eentre 2015 \u0219i 2019, ajung\u00e2nd la 40 USD\/MWh \u0219i respectiv 41 USD\/MWh. <\/p>\n\n

\u020an ciuda a ceea ce ne spune lobby-ul industriei nucleare, construirea unui num\u0103r mare de centrale nucleare pentru a reduce semnificativ gazele cu efect de ser\u0103 va costa extrem de mult \u0219i va crea o cantitate mare de de\u015feuri radioactive, extrem de d\u0103un\u0103toare, pentru care nu exist\u0103 o solu\u021bie permanent\u0103 \u0219i sigur\u0103. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"
Aerial view of a 1500 square meter ‘No Nuclear!’ banner created by activists with yellow parasols at Venice Lido in Italy. Greenpeace is protesting against the plans of the Italian prime minister Silvio Berlusconi to build a new nuclear power plant at the Upper Adria, next to the most popular Italian tourist beaches. As part of the protest Greenpeace hands over a petition to the Venetian governor Luca Zaia asking him to declare a \u201cnuclear free Veneto zone\u201d.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Ne amintim cu \u00eengrijorare c\u0103, \u00een urm\u0103 cu 35 de ani, industria a fost blocat\u0103 de cel mai grav accident nuclear din lume, accidentul de la Cernob\u00eel. Un accident care a emis un val de radioactivitate de neoprit \u0219i mortal, care a str\u0103b\u0103tut lumea \u0219i ale c\u0103rui efecte pot fi m\u0103surate \u0219i ast\u0103zi; un accident care ar putea fi repetat de oricare dintre cele 400 de reactoare nucleare din lume. Argumentul c\u0103 tehnologia a evoluat \u00eentre timp nu este acceptabil, mai ales c\u00e2nd vorbim despre o tehnologie neautorizat\u0103 \u00een U.E. \u0219i netestat\u0103 nic\u0103ieri \u00een lume. <\/p>\n\n

Energia nuclear\u0103 nu a devenit brusc mai sigur\u0103 sau mai curat\u0103.<\/strong> Mo\u0219tenirea de\u0219eurilor nucleare r\u0103m\u00e2ne nerezolvat\u0103. Cu toate acestea, industria nuclear\u0103 folose\u0219te schimb\u0103rile climatice ca pe o scuz\u0103 pentru a salva \u0219i chiar pentru a-\u0219i extinde afacerile aflate \u00een dificultate. <\/strong>Industria are o istorie de promisiuni \u00eenc\u0103lcate \u0219i minciuni. Minciuni \u00eembr\u0103cate \u00een greenwashing cu preten\u021bia de a fi solu\u021bia la schimb\u0103rile climatice.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prima s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 din noiembrie este una nuclear\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":6856,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,31],"tags":[36],"p4-page-type":[],"class_list":["post-6855","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clima-si-energie","category-greenpeace","tag-criza-climatica"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6855","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6855"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6855\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6858,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6855\/revisions\/6858"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6856"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6855"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6855"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6855"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=6855"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}