{"id":79218,"date":"2026-05-08T08:36:34","date_gmt":"2026-05-08T05:36:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/?p=79218"},"modified":"2026-05-08T16:08:57","modified_gmt":"2026-05-08T13:08:57","slug":"termen-ratat-pentru-natura-si-democratie-romania-a-ignorat-deadline-ul-ue-pentru-legea-anti-slapp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/articol\/79218\/termen-ratat-pentru-natura-si-democratie-romania-a-ignorat-deadline-ul-ue-pentru-legea-anti-slapp\/","title":{"rendered":"Termen ratat pentru natur\u0103 \u0219i democra\u021bie: Rom\u00e2nia a ignorat deadline-ul UE pentru legea anti-SLAPP"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Criza climatic\u0103 nu este doar despre temperaturi \u00een cre\u0219tere, secet\u0103 sau inunda\u021bii. Este \u0219i despre putere: cine decide, \u00een ce condi\u021bii \u0219i cine poate contesta aceste decizii.<\/p>\n\n<p>R\u0103spunsul la aceast\u0103 criz\u0103 depinde de c\u00e2t de func\u021bionale sunt mecanismele democratice ale unui stat. Depinde de accesul la informa\u021bie, de libertatea de a investiga, de posibilitatea real\u0103 de a merge \u00een instan\u021b\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd deciziile publice sunt gre\u0219ite sau abuzive. F\u0103r\u0103 respectarea acestor drepturi fundamentale, politicile climatice devin mai opace, mai u\u0219or de capturat de interesele private \u0219i mai pu\u021bin orientate spre interesul public.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen aprilie anul acesta, International IDEA a publicat un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.idea.int\/news-media\/multimedia-reports\/impact-natural-hazards-elections\">raport <\/a>care arat\u0103 cum schimb\u0103rile climatice perturb\u0103 tot mai des starea democra\u021biei \u00een lumea \u00eentreag\u0103, prin inunda\u021bii, incendii \u0219i valuri de c\u0103ldur\u0103 care fac imposibil de organizat sau de respectat un proces electoral. \u0218tim, \u00eens\u0103, c\u0103 efectele merg dincolo de ziua votului.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Precaritatea \u0219i trauma de dup\u0103 dezastre, spune raportul, erodeaz\u0103 \u00eencrederea oamenilor \u00een institu\u021bii, hr\u0103nesc resentimente \u0219i teorii conspira\u021bioniste \u0219i \u00eemping societ\u0103\u021bile sl\u0103bite spre solu\u021bii autoritare. Practic, se formeaza un cerc vicios, clim\u0103 instabil\u0103, societ\u0103\u021bi instabile, institu\u021bii sl\u0103bite, mai pu\u021bin\u0103 capacitate de a r\u0103spunde la criza climatic\u0103.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/ed91c3a7-mic03045-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-79219\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/ed91c3a7-mic03045-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/ed91c3a7-mic03045-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/ed91c3a7-mic03045-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/ed91c3a7-mic03045-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/ed91c3a7-mic03045-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/ed91c3a7-mic03045-510x340.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><em>Fotografie de la inunda\u021biile din Gala\u021bi 2024<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Cei care profit\u0103 \u0219i \u00eentre\u021bin acest cerc sunt industriile de combustibili fosili, marii poluatori, actorii politici care prefer\u0103 cet\u0103\u021beni obosi\u021bi \u0219i speria\u021bi unor cet\u0103\u021beni informa\u021bi \u0219i organiza\u021bi. Iar \u00eentr-o astfel de schem\u0103, accesul la justi\u021bie devine o miz\u0103 strategic\u0103. Este unul dintre pu\u021binele instrumente prin care deciziile pot fi contestate, iar abuzurile oprite.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Statul rom\u00e2n trebuie s\u0103 asigure protec\u021bie ONG-urilor de mediu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Pe 7 mai a expirat <strong>termenul european de transpunere a Directivei anti-SLAPP<\/strong>. <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-red-500-color\"><strong>Rom\u00e2nia nu l-a respectat<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/mark><\/p>\n\n<p>Proiectul de lege L276\/2026 este \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een Senat, dup\u0103 ce Camera Deputa\u021bilor l-a adoptat tacit, prin dep\u0103\u0219irea termenului constitu\u021bional de 45 de zile. De\u0219i am fost implica\u021bi activ \u00een procesul de transpunere, nu avem informa\u021bii cu privire la data la care legea va fi finalizat\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<p>Un SLAPP se refer\u0103 lat <em>Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation<\/em>, adic\u0103 un proces strategic \u00eempotriva particip\u0103rii publice. Ac\u021biunile \u00een justi\u021bie sunt folosite nu pentru a ob\u021bine o repara\u021bie ci pentru a descuraja exprimarea public\u0103 pe teme de interes general.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>\u021ainta poate fi un jurnalist, un activist, o organiza\u021bie sau un cet\u0103\u021bean care a contestat un proiect, a cerut transparen\u021b\u0103 sau a publicat o investiga\u021bie. Mecanismul func\u021bioneaz\u0103 prin presiune financiar\u0103 \u0219i procedural\u0103: cheltuieli de judecat\u0103 mari, durat\u0103 lung\u0103 a procesului, multiple dosare paralele.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Consecin\u021bele nu se opresc la proces \u00een sine, ci sunt mai ample, efectul nefiind doar asupra celui dat \u00een judecat\u0103, ci \u0219i asupra altora, care v\u0103d sanc\u021biunile pe care le risc\u0103 dac\u0103 decid s\u0103 semnaleze probleme de interes public.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/97ed5bc1-untitled-design-1-2-768x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-79225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/97ed5bc1-untitled-design-1-2-768x1024.png 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/97ed5bc1-untitled-design-1-2-225x300.png 225w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/97ed5bc1-untitled-design-1-2-1152x1536.png 1152w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/97ed5bc1-untitled-design-1-2-1536x2048.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/97ed5bc1-untitled-design-1-2-1025x1366.png 1025w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/97ed5bc1-untitled-design-1-2-255x340.png 255w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2026\/05\/97ed5bc1-untitled-design-1-2-scaled.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>De\u0219i proiectul de lege transpus de Ministerul Justi\u021biei reprezint\u0103 un progres prin extinderea protec\u021biei \u0219i la cauzele na\u021bionale (nu doar cele transfrontaliere), societatea civil\u0103 \u0219i exper\u021bii juridici au semnalat mai multe puncte slabe care ar putea limita eficien\u021ba real\u0103 a legii.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Greenpeace Rom\u00e2nia este una dintre vocile care cer modific\u0103ri \u00een acest sens \u0219i anume:<\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u2022 Aplicarea din oficiu a unor garan\u021bii (respingere rapid\u0103, cau\u021biune, desp\u0103gubiri), pentru a sprijini p\u00e2r\u00e2\u021bii vulnerabili \u0219i a degreva instan\u021bele;<\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u2022 Aplicarea obligatorie a unei amenzi reclamantului, drept instrument disuasiv, \u00eentr-un cuantum stabilit de instan\u021b\u0103, \u00een func\u021bie de gravitatea situa\u021biei, \u00een situa\u021biile \u00een care instan\u021ba constat\u0103 existen\u021ba unei cauze de tip SLAPP;<\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u2022 Clarificarea protec\u021biei pentru entit\u0103\u021bi ter\u021be, inclusiv exonerarea de la plata cheltuielilor de judecat\u0103 (dac\u0103 trimit memorii de tip amicus curiae, de exemplu, fa\u021b\u0103 de un intervenient accesoriu);<\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u2022 Reglementarea situa\u021biei \u00een care litigiul dob\u00e2nde\u0219te caracteristicile unui litigiu de tip SLAPP pe parcurs;<\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u2022 Aplicarea legii \u0219i cauzelor pendinte, pentru efectele neproduse deja, potrivit jurispruden\u021bei CCR, pentru a preveni extinderea abuzurilor \u00een curs;<\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u2022 Solicitarea unui angajament pentru analizare \/ luare de m\u0103suri pentru celelalte tipologii cu efecte similare (cazuri clasice de tip SLAPP, cum sunt pl\u00e2ngerile penale cu scop de intimidare) sau cu efecte similare (cheltuieli de judecat\u0103 dispropor\u021bionate \u00een contencios administrativ, unde organiza\u021biile sunt, de cele mai multe ori, reclaman\u021bi, nu p\u00e2r\u00e2\u021bi).<\/p>\n\n<p>Mai mult, proiectul de lege nu adreseaz\u0103 una dintre cele mai utilizate tactici de intimidare \u0219i reducere la t\u0103cere a activi\u0219tilor, anume cheltuielile de judecat\u0103 dispropor\u021bionate.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen 2025, dup\u0103 ce am contestat \u00een instan\u021b\u0103 legalitatea proiectului Neptun Deep, cel mai mare proiect de extrac\u021bie de gaze din Marea Neagr\u0103, lansat \u00eentr-un moment \u00een care direc\u021bia logic\u0103 ar fi fost reducerea dependen\u021bei de combustibili fosili \u0219i accelerarea tranzi\u021biei spre surse curate de energie, ni s-au imputat cheltuieli de judecat\u0103 de aproape 1 milion de lei.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Conven\u021bia de la Aarhus, ratificat\u0103 de Rom\u00e2nia \u00een 2000, este foarte clar\u0103 pe acest subiect. Ea prevede c\u0103 orice persoan\u0103 sau organiza\u021bie care merge \u00een instan\u021b\u0103 pentru o cauz\u0103 de mediu trebuie s\u0103 aib\u0103 acces la proceduri \u201ecare s\u0103 nu fie prohibitiv de costisitoare&#8221;. Cu alte cuvinte, costul nu trebuie s\u0103 devin\u0103 \u00een sine un obstacol \u00een calea dreptului de a contesta. Ce s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat \u00een cazul nostru, este exact opusul.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Ce afl\u0103m din cel mai recent raport Starea Democra\u021biei<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>S\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2na trecut\u0103 a fost lansat <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/ro\/rom%C3%A2nia\/20260430-starea-democra%C8%9Biei-2025-statul-de-drept-%C3%AEn-rom%C3%A2nia-se-afl%C4%83-%C3%AEntr-o-%E2%80%9Eperioad%C4%83-de-criz%C4%83-profund%C4%83\">raportul Starea Democra\u021biei 2025<\/a>, la care Greenpeace Rom\u00e2nia a contribuit al\u0103turi de o coali\u021bie larg\u0103 de organiza\u021bii civice. Concluziile sunt sobre: <strong>statul de drept \u00een Rom\u00e2nia se afl\u0103 \u00eentr-o perioad\u0103 de criz\u0103 profund\u0103<\/strong>, iar \u021bara alunec\u0103, lent dar sigur spre un model de guvernare iliberal.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nu vorbim despre o pr\u0103bu\u0219ire brusc\u0103, ci despre ceea ce raportul nume\u0219te o degradare lent\u0103, dar vizibil\u0103, a cadrului legislativ \u0219i a practicilor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e2teva observa\u021bii din raport ne privesc direct.<\/p>\n\n<p>Pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 form\u0103, sunt documentate declara\u021bii ale unor lideri politici importan\u021bi care au instigat la ini\u021bierea unor procese de tip SLAPP \u00eempotriva vocilor critice, adic\u0103 exact mecanismul pe care ar fi trebuit s\u0103-l prevenim prin transpunerea directivei pe 7 mai.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen acela\u0219i timp, accesul la informa\u021bii de interes public se afl\u0103, conform raportului, sub un asediu f\u0103r\u0103 precedent, refuzuri, \u00eent\u00e2rzieri, contestare a ceea ce este sau nu \u201ede interes public&#8221;, iar f\u0103r\u0103 acces la informa\u021bie, dreptul de a contesta \u00een instan\u021b\u0103 devine teoretic. Iar peste toate acestea, raportul constat\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een 2025, justi\u021bia \u00eens\u0103\u0219i a fost perceput\u0103 ca fiind capturat\u0103, nu de politicieni cum ne-am obi\u0219nuit, ci din interior.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Aceast\u0103 degradare este acum acutizat\u0103 de contextul politic instabil, marcat de c\u0103derea recent\u0103 a Guvernului Bolojan prin mo\u021biune de cenzur\u0103. Criza politic\u0103 actual\u0103 suprapus\u0103 peste erodarea semnalat\u0103 \u00een raport creeaz\u0103 un climat de incertitudine, unde lipsa unui executiv stabil risc\u0103 s\u0103 accelereze derapajele democratice \u0219i s\u0103 fragilizeze \u0219i mai mult institu\u021biile statului.<\/p>\n\n<p>Pentru o organiza\u021bie care conteaz\u0103 pe instan\u021be ca pe un mecanism de echilibru, asta deschide o \u00eentrebare relevant\u0103: <strong>ce facem c\u00e2nd nici justi\u021bia nu mai func\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca punct de sprijin?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/petitions\/vrem-protectie-pentru-activismul-de-mediu\/\">ADAUG\u0102-\u021aI SEMN\u0102TURA LA PETI\u021aIA NOASTR\u0102<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Criza climatic\u0103 nu este doar despre temperaturi \u00een cre\u0219tere, secet\u0103 sau inunda\u021bii. Este \u0219i despre putere.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":79,"featured_media":79220,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[136],"tags":[8],"p4-page-type":[],"class_list":["post-79218","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-acces-la-justitie","tag-participare-civica-2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79218","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/79"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=79218"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79218\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":79241,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79218\/revisions\/79241"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/79220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=79218"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=79218"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=79218"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=79218"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}