{"id":8049,"date":"2022-12-05T18:28:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-05T15:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/?p=8049"},"modified":"2022-12-05T18:36:30","modified_gmt":"2022-12-05T15:36:30","slug":"cum-sa-intelegem-taxa-pe-soare-varianta-romaneasca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/articol\/8049\/cum-sa-intelegem-taxa-pe-soare-varianta-romaneasca\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>Cum s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem taxa pe soare, varianta rom\u00e2neasc\u0103<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La finalul lui 2018, Uniunea European\u0103 emitea o <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/RO\/TXT\/HTML\/?uri=CELEX:32018L2001&amp;from=EN#d1e4528-82-1\">directiv\u0103<\/a> cu scopul de a <strong>sprijini energia regenerabil\u0103<\/strong>. Statele membre, inclusiv Rom\u00e2nia, aveau obliga\u021bia s\u0103 transpun\u0103 \u00een legisla\u021bie na\u021bional\u0103 prevederile ei p\u00e2n\u0103 pe 30 iunie 2021.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Guvernele Rom\u00e2niei nu s-au gr\u0103bit. Abia la final de noiembrie 2022, guvernul Ciuc\u0103, prin Ministerul Energiei condus de ministrul Virgil Popescu, a reu\u0219it s\u0103 emit\u0103 un <a href=\"https:\/\/energie.gov.ro\/a-fost-adoptata-ordonanta-de-urgenta-pentru-utilizarea-energiei-din-surse-regenerabile\/\">OUG<\/a> \u00een care apar aproape \u201ecopy-paste\u201d prevederile directivei.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Din p\u0103cate, o nuan\u021b\u0103 a <a href=\"https:\/\/sgg.gov.ro\/1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/OUG-14.pdf\">documentului legislativ<\/a> <strong>risc\u0103 s\u0103 afecteze zeci de mii de prosumatori<\/strong>, \u00eentr-un context foarte dificil din punct de vedere energetic. \u00cen documentul actual, se prevede c\u0103 autorit\u0103\u021bile au dreptul s\u0103 aplice taxe pe energia produs\u0103 de prosumatori \u0219i consumat\u0103 \u00een spa\u021biile lor. De exemplu, un prosumator care produce cu un sistem fotovoltaic 500 kWh \u0219i consum\u0103 \u00een propria cas\u0103 200 kWh, ar putea fi taxat pentru ace\u0219ti 200 kWh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Uniunea European\u0103 nu solicit\u0103 aceast\u0103 taxare<\/strong>, ci las\u0103 la latitudinea statelor membre posibilitatea de a taxa autoconsumul, \u00een anumite condi\u021bii. \u00cen func\u021bie de contextul na\u021bional, Rom\u00e2nia poate aplica sau nu o astfel de prevedere.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Guvernul Rom\u00e2niei ignor\u0103 contextul energetic actual<\/strong>, fundamental diferit fa\u021b\u0103 de anul elabor\u0103rii directivei. \u00centre timp, Uniunea European\u0103 \u0219i-a reajustat obiectivele prin <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/info\/strategy\/priorities-2019-2024\/european-green-deal\/repowereu-affordable-secure-and-sustainable-energy-europe_en#repowereu-actions\">REPowerEU<\/a>, \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i propune 320 GW de capacit\u0103\u021bi fotovoltaice noi instalate p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2025 (dublul capacit\u0103\u021bii actuale) \u0219i 600 GW p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2030.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rom\u00e2nia nu e nici pe departe un lider atunci c\u00e2nd vine vorba de prosumatori, de\u0219i poten\u021bialul solar e foarte mare. Conform estim\u0103rilor ANRE, la finalul anului 2022, Rom\u00e2nia va avea \u00een jur de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investenergy.ro\/chirita-anre-in-romania-vor-fi-circa-30-000-de-prosumatori-la-finele-anului-2022-estimari\/\">30.000 de prosumatori<\/a>. Cei mai mul\u021bi dintre ei sunt beneficiari ai programului <a href=\"https:\/\/afm.ro\/sisteme_fotovoltaice.php\">Casa Verde Fotovoltaice<\/a> al Administra\u021biei Fondului pentru Mediu, o schem\u0103 de finan\u021bare m\u0103cinat\u0103 de scandaluri \u00een ultimii 3 ani. De\u0219i pare un num\u0103r mare de prosumatori, un <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/info\/sites\/default\/files\/study-residential-prosumers-energy-union_en.pdf\">studiu<\/a> comandat de Comisia European\u0103 indic\u0103 faptul c\u0103 <strong>poten\u021bialul teoretic al Rom\u00e2niei este de 3,36 milioane de prosumatori<\/strong>, cu o capacitate cumulat\u0103 de 5,9 GW.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nu se precizeaz\u0103 nivelul taxei pentru prosumatori \u0219i nici cum se va calcula ea. \u201eNediscriminarea\u201d, \u201epropor\u021bionalitatea\u201d tax\u0103rii sunt principii generale care vor trebui s\u0103 fie stabilite de autorit\u0103\u021bile publice centrale \u0219i ANRE. Istoricul conlucr\u0103rii \u00eentre Ministerul Energiei \u0219i ANRE nu e foarte bun, a se vedea situa\u021bia a\u0219a-zisei \u201ecompens\u0103ri cantitative\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Conform textului f\u0103cut public, se poate \u00een\u021belege c\u0103 <strong>beneficiarii programului Casa Verde Fotovoltaice, de care au beneficiat cei mai mul\u021bi dintre actualii prosumatori, pot fi taxa\u021bi pentru energia produs\u0103 \u0219i consumat\u0103 \u00een incinta spa\u021biului unde este amplasat sistemul fotovoltaic.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Taxa se aplic\u0103 \u0219i celor cu instala\u021bii mai mari de 30 kW<\/strong>. Cel mai probabil, vorbim de capacit\u0103\u021bi de produc\u021bie gestionate de prosumatori mai mari dec\u00e2t simplii cet\u0103\u021beni, de tipul unor companii care au investit pentru a-\u0219i acoperi consumul propriu de energie. Prin taxare, acest tip de investi\u021bie este descurajat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aplicarea unei taxe dup\u0103 2026, dac\u0103 puterea instalat\u0103 \u00een centralele electrice ale prosumatorilor dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te 8%, este \u00eenc\u0103 <strong>neclar definit\u0103 \u00een OUG<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00cen concluzie, guvernul Rom\u00e2niei sprijin\u0103 \u00een continuare proiectele energetice mari, centralizate, precum centrale pe gaze, reactoare nucleare sau dezvolt\u0103ri hidro pe Dun\u0103re. Sprijinul pentru sistemele descentralizate, bazate pe prosumatori sau formele de asociere ale cet\u0103\u021benilor \u0219i comunit\u0103\u021bilor locale, precum comunit\u0103\u021bile de energie, este \u00eenc\u0103 insuficient, iar poten\u021bialul regenerabil al Rom\u00e2niei nu este folosit corespunz\u0103tor.\u00a0<strong>Greenpeace solicit\u0103 Guvernului sprijin financiar \u0219i facilit\u0103\u021bi fiscale pentru cei care vor s\u0103 devin\u0103 prosumatori \u0219i o abordare deschis\u0103 \u0219i coerent\u0103 \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te reglement\u0103rile.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ministrul Energiei, Virgil Popescu, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.profit.ro\/povesti-cu-profit\/energie\/video-ministrul-energiei-despre-taxarea-prosumatorilor-este-un-fake-news-nu-acum-si-doar-in-anumite-conditii-poate-fi-platit-ceva-20940816\">negat ulterior<\/a> c\u0103 prosumatorii vor fi taxa\u021bi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Mai jos, \u00een paralel, articolele din directiva european\u0103 pe regenerabile \u0219i transpunerea controversat\u0103 \u00een legisla\u021bie na\u021bional\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"835\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2022\/12\/1c26fc01-print-screen.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8050\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2022\/12\/1c26fc01-print-screen.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2022\/12\/1c26fc01-print-screen-269x300.jpg 269w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2022\/12\/1c26fc01-print-screen-305x340.jpg 305w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sprijinul pentru sistemele descentralizate, bazate pe prosumatori sau formele de asociere ale cet\u0103\u021benilor \u0219i comunit\u0103\u021bilor locale, precum comunit\u0103\u021bile de energie, este \u00eenc\u0103 insuficient, iar poten\u021bialul regenerabil al Rom\u00e2niei nu este folosit corespunz\u0103tor.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":8052,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,31],"tags":[36,7,6],"p4-page-type":[],"class_list":["post-8049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clima-si-energie","category-greenpeace","tag-criza-climatica","tag-energie-regenerabila","tag-prosumatori-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8049","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8049"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8055,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8049\/revisions\/8055"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8052"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8049"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=8049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}