{"id":9190,"date":"2023-11-06T14:23:22","date_gmt":"2023-11-06T11:23:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/?p=9190"},"modified":"2023-11-07T11:05:07","modified_gmt":"2023-11-07T08:05:07","slug":"pionier-al-comunitatilor-de-energie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/articol\/9190\/pionier-al-comunitatilor-de-energie\/","title":{"rendered":"Pionier al comunit\u0103\u021bilor de energie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Munca de pionierat implic\u0103 pasiune \u0219i dedicare. Cum \u00een Rom\u00e2nia lipse\u0219te o legisla\u021bie dedicat\u0103 comunit\u0103\u021bilor de energie, c\u0103ut\u0103m mereu exemple, chiar \u0219i din UE, de la care putem descoperi cum putem modela peisajului autohton al energiei regenerabile.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Un astfel de model este Dirk Vansintjan, care nu este numai un vizionar, ci unul dintre ini\u021biatorii primelor proiecte de energie regenerabil\u0103 din Europa.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>\u00cen 1991, Dirk Vansintjan cofonda cooperativa de energie regenerabil\u0103 Ecopower \u00een Belgia. Ast\u0103zi, Ecopower este cea mai mare cooperativ\u0103 energetic\u0103 din Flandra, Belgia, cu aproape 60.000 de membri. Ecopower opereaz\u0103 24 de turbine eoliene, 3 hidrocentrale \u0219i 300 de centrale fotovoltaice. Cooperativa este at\u00e2t produc\u0103tor de energie, c\u00e2t \u0219i furnizor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Dirk este, de asemenea, pre\u0219edintele \u0219i co-fondator al RESCoop.eu, federa\u021bia european\u0103 a cooperativelor de energie regenerabil\u0103, fondat\u0103 \u00een 2013.<\/p>\n\n<p>Explor\u0103m \u00eempreun\u0103 cu acesta parcursul s\u0103u, provoc\u0103rile cu care s-a confruntat \u0219i succesele pe care le-a ob\u021binut \u00een c\u0103utarea unei vie\u021bi ecologice \u0219i durabile. Munca lui Dirk Vansintjan nu se refer\u0103 doar la energie regenerabil\u0103, ci la promovarea unui sentiment de solidaritate \u0219i de responsabilitate comun\u0103 \u00een fa\u021ba uneia dintre cele mai presante provoc\u0103ri globale ale vremurilor noastre.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/2b77f718-ddddirk-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/2b77f718-ddddirk-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/2b77f718-ddddirk-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/2b77f718-ddddirk-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/2b77f718-ddddirk-510x287.webp 510w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/2b77f718-ddddirk.webp 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dirk Vansintjan, pre\u0219edinte REScoop. Sursa foto: REScoop.eu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p><strong>De ce o economie rezistent\u0103 are la baz\u0103 comunit\u0103\u021bi locale puternice?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Dirk<\/strong>: O economie rezistent\u0103 nu se pr\u0103bu\u0219e\u0219te atunci c\u00e2nd se confrunt\u0103 cu factori externi, cum ar fi penuria \u0219i\/sau pre\u021burile ridicate ale combustibililor fosili, problemele de transport ale furajelor, alimentelor \u0219i bunurilor de consum din \u00eentreaga lume, schimb\u0103rile climatice \u0219i consecin\u021bele acestora, cum ar fi inunda\u021biile, curen\u021bii de aer etc. C\u00e2nd se ivesc aceste probleme, solidaritatea \u0219i cooperarea dintre oameni este crucial\u0103, dincolo de propria gospod\u0103rie \u0219i familie.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Dar, \u00een loc s\u0103 a\u0219tept\u0103m ca o criz\u0103 s\u0103 ne cople\u0219easc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 ne oblige s\u0103 creem noi structuri de cooperare la toate nivelurile societ\u0103\u021bii \u0219i economiei, trebuie s\u0103 \u00eencepem \u00eenc\u0103 de pe acum s\u0103 lucr\u0103m sau s\u0103 consolid\u0103m elementele de baz\u0103 ale unei societ\u0103\u021bi \u0219i economie rezistente.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Componentele care consolideaz\u0103 comunit\u0103\u021bile locale puternice sunt:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fermierii \u0219i vecinii lor din sate \u0219i ora\u0219e \u00eenvecinate care se concentreaz\u0103 pe produc\u021bia local\u0103 de alimente (\u0219i furaje) pentru o diet\u0103 \u00een principal vegetarian\u0103. F\u0103c\u00e2nd acest lucru reducem transportul (pe baz\u0103 de combustibili fosili importa\u021bi) pentru importul de soia, de ex. pentru hr\u0103nirea vitelor \u0219i exportul c\u0103rnii pe alte continente. Cet\u0103\u021beni (eventual \u00eempreun\u0103 cu IMM-urile locale \u0219i autorit\u0103\u021bile lor municipale locale) care coopereaz\u0103 \u00een comunit\u0103\u021bile de energie regenerabil\u0103 pentru:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Producerea, distribu\u021bia \u0219i v\u00e2nzarea de energie electric\u0103 verde<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Producerea, distribu\u021bia \u0219i v\u00e2nzarea de \u00eenc\u0103lzire \u0219i r\u0103cire<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cre\u0219terea eficien\u021bei energetice (izolarea cl\u0103dirilor)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Partajarea vehiculelor electrice (transport\/mobilitate)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<p><strong>Ce te-a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat munca ta de pionierat \u00een comunit\u0103\u021bile energetice?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Dirk<\/strong>: Exemplele de bune practici conving oamenii. Acest lucru a durat mult timp, timp pe care nu \u00eel avem acum, dar comunicarea este mai u\u0219oar\u0103 acum dec\u00e2t \u00een \u200b\u200b1991.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"538\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/7aca9814-rescoop-1024x538.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9192\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/7aca9814-rescoop-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/7aca9814-rescoop-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/7aca9814-rescoop-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/7aca9814-rescoop-510x268.jpg 510w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/7aca9814-rescoop.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Echipa REScoop. sursa: FB REScoop.eu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p><strong>De ce sunt comunit\u0103\u021bile energetice at\u00e2t de importante pentru asigurarea unui viitor durabil \u0219i rezistent?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Dirk<\/strong>: Energia conduce economia, toat\u0103 lumea are nevoie de energie acas\u0103. Energia este cheia unui viitor durabil \u0219i rezistent. Dar numai dac\u0103 produc\u021bia de energie regenerabil\u0103 este de\u021binut\u0103 \u00een principal de c\u0103tre oamenii \u0219i comunit\u0103\u021bile locale. Tranzi\u021bia energetic\u0103 va reu\u0219i doar atunci c\u00e2nd majoritatea cet\u0103\u021benilor o sus\u021bin \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i asum\u0103 responsabilitatea: atunci se va petrece democra\u021bia energetic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>REScoop ofer\u0103 o gam\u0103 larg\u0103 de solu\u021bii sprijin cooperativelor energetice. De ce solidaritatea, schimbul interna\u021bional \u0219i cooperarea sunt at\u00e2t de importante \u00een schimbarea sistemului energetic?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Dirk<\/strong>: Solidaritatea, schimbul interna\u021bional \u0219i cooperarea \u00eentre miile de ini\u021biative din Europa (\u0219i restul lumii) scot la suprafa\u021b\u0103 o varietate enorm\u0103 de activit\u0103\u021bi pe care le \u00eentreprind oamenii. Acest lucru inspir\u0103 mai departe al\u021bi cet\u0103\u021beni, inclusiv din \u021b\u0103rile \u00een care p\u00e2n\u0103 acum nu s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat nimic sau prea pu\u021bin. O privire de ansamblu asupra mi\u0219c\u0103rii cooperativelor de energie, ne permite, de asemenea, s\u0103 le ar\u0103t\u0103m politicienilor \u0219i administratorilor cum le pot permite cet\u0103\u021benilor lor s\u0103 replice modele din alte p\u0103r\u021bi.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/26806262-90hydro.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/26806262-90hydro.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/26806262-90hydro-300x141.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-romania-stateless\/2023\/11\/26806262-90hydro-510x239.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ecopower a luat fiin\u021b\u0103 de la dou\u0103 micro hidrocentrale, precum ea din imagine din Rotselaar. Fotografie de Dirk Vansintjan <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p><strong>\u00cen 1991 ai co-fondat Ecopower, care au fost cele mai mari obstacole ale tale de-a lungul anilor \u0219i cum le-ai dep\u0103\u0219it tu \u0219i oamenii implica\u021bi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Dirk<\/strong>: Pe atunci nu exista legisla\u021bie sau decizii ministeriale \u00een Belgia cu privire la alimentarea cu energie electric\u0103 regenerabil\u0103 \u00een re\u021bea \u0219i tarife pentru acest lucru. Nu existau scheme de sprijin pentru produc\u021bia sau achizi\u021bionarea de tehnici de producere a energiei regenerabile (PV, boiler solar, turbine eoliene, micro-hidrohidrocentrale).<\/p>\n\n<p>Am dep\u0103\u0219it acest stadiu prin \u00eenfiin\u021barea a dou\u0103 organiza\u021bii de lobby, una \u00een Flandra (ODE-Vlaanderen) \u0219i una \u00een partea francez\u0103 a Belgiei (APERE, numit\u0103 acum Energie Commune) \u0219i lobby pentru toate partidele politice \u0219i diferitele niveluri de guvernare.<\/p>\n\n<p>Dar \u0219i prin traducerea legii germane de feed-in \u00een olandez\u0103 \u0219i francez\u0103 \u0219i permi\u021b\u00e2nd celor dou\u0103 partide verzi (Agalev \u0219i Ecolo) s\u0103 o introduc\u0103 \u00een Senatul belgian. Acest lucru a f\u0103cut ca priva\u021bii care de\u021bineau monopol s\u0103 cumpere de la noi energia verde pe care urma s\u0103 o inject\u0103m \u00een re\u021beaua de distribu\u021bie.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Care ar fi sfatul dumneavoastr\u0103 pentru cet\u0103\u021benii care doresc s\u0103 \u00eentemeieze o comunitate energetic\u0103 \u00eentr-o \u021bar\u0103 precum Rom\u00e2nia, care \u00eenc\u0103 mai are nevoie de legisla\u021bie secundar\u0103 privind comunit\u0103\u021bile energetice?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"has-green-400-background-color has-background wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fii \u00eenc\u0103p\u0103\u0163\u00e2nat<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cencearc\u0103 s\u0103 instezi rapid o mic\u0103 instala\u021bie, probabil PV, pe o \u0219coal\u0103, pe o cl\u0103dire a unei cooperative, a unei biserici, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 po\u021bi ar\u0103ta celor din jur c\u0103 func\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 s\u0103rb\u0103tori\u021bi acest mic prim succes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Poveste\u0219te-le apropia\u021bilor, vecinilor ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00een restul Europei<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dirk Vansintjan, cofondator REScoop \u0219i al celei mai mari cooperative de energie din Belgia, ne vorbe\u0219te despre munca de pionierat care implic\u0103 pasiune \u0219i dedicare.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":57,"featured_media":9191,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[112,36,120,7,97],"p4-page-type":[],"class_list":["post-9190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clima-si-energie","tag-comunitati-de-energie-1","tag-criza-climatica","tag-eficienta-energetica-1","tag-energie-regenerabila","tag-schimbari-climatice"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/57"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9190"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9190\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9204,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9190\/revisions\/9204"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9190"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/romania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=9190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}