{"id":5096,"date":"2023-02-23T15:44:18","date_gmt":"2023-02-23T14:44:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/?p=5096"},"modified":"2025-07-02T09:22:42","modified_gmt":"2025-07-02T07:22:42","slug":"4-sposoby-ako-fosilne-spolocnosti-prehlbuju-socialnu-nespravodlivost-v-case-energetickej-krizy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/clanok\/5096\/4-sposoby-ako-fosilne-spolocnosti-prehlbuju-socialnu-nespravodlivost-v-case-energetickej-krizy\/","title":{"rendered":"4 sp\u00f4soby, ako fos\u00edlne spolo\u010dnosti prehlbuj\u00fa soci\u00e1lnu nespravodlivos\u0165 v \u010dase energetickej kr\u00edzy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Pri pr\u00edle\u017eitosti Medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a energetickej chudoby<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Fos\u00edlne spolo\u010dnosti od sam\u00e9ho za\u010diatku svojej existencie ni\u010dia \u017eivoty a \u017eivobytie cel\u00fdch spolo\u010denstiev, zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00fa \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie a klam\u00fa, len aby mohli \u010falej zar\u00e1ba\u0165.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/922c54f8-gp1t059e_web_size.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5097\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/922c54f8-gp1t059e_web_size.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/922c54f8-gp1t059e_web_size-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/922c54f8-gp1t059e_web_size-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/922c54f8-gp1t059e_web_size-453x340.jpg 453w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<p>Plat\u00ed to aj v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti, ke\u010f na pozad\u00ed energetickej kr\u00edzy a kr\u00edzy \u017eivotn\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov p\u00e4\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fdch ropn\u00fdch a plyn\u00e1rensk\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed (BP, ExxonMobil, Chevron, Shell a TotalEnergies) za uplynul\u00fd rok 2022 spolo\u010dne vyk\u00e1zalo <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/energy\/big-oils-good-times-set-roll-after-record-2022-profits-2023-01-17\/?utm_medium=email\">zisk vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 200&nbsp;mili\u00e1rd dol\u00e1rov<\/a>, pri\u010dom niektor\u00e9 zaznamenali dosia\u013e najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed zisk za cel\u00e9 svoje p\u00f4sobenie, respekt\u00edve za ve\u013emi dlh\u00e9 obdobie. Mnoh\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti sa medzit\u00fdm prepad\u00e1vaj\u00fa do \u010doraz hor\u0161\u00edch \u017eivotn\u00fdch podmienok, preto\u017ee maj\u00fa probl\u00e9m plati\u0165 \u00fa\u010dty za energie. Zasiahnut\u00e9 s\u00fa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm \u017eeny, etnick\u00e9 men\u0161iny, deti, star\u0161\u00ed \u013eudia a znev\u00fdhodnen\u00e9 komunity na celom svete.<\/p>\n\n<p>Odvetvie fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv je postaven\u00e9 na kolonializme a nespravodlivosti. V\u00fdrobcovia fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv a poskytovatelia energi\u00ed pritom aj v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti iba prehlbuj\u00fa nerovnos\u0165 medzi odberate\u013emi, a to konkr\u00e9tne takto:<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Infra\u0161trukt\u00farne monopoly dom\u00e1cnostiam takmer znemo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 si \u00fa\u010dty za energie<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>Zatia\u013e \u010do mili\u00f3ny dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed trpia v d\u00f4sledku prudko st\u00fapaj\u00facich cien a sotva dok\u00e1\u017eu vy\u017ei\u0165, poskytovatelia energi\u00ed a spolo\u010dnosti vyr\u00e1baj\u00face fos\u00edlne paliv\u00e1 \u0165a\u017eia z vysokej infl\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e1 im prin\u00e1\u0161a rekordn\u00e9 zisky. Za neprimeran\u00fdm profitom v\u0161ak nie je len infl\u00e1cia, stoja za n\u00edm aj <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibisworld.com\/united-kingdom\/industry-trends\/industries-highest-profit-margin\/\">monopoly<\/a>, pomocou ktor\u00fdch energetick\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa svoju trhov\u00fa silu.<\/p>\n\n<p>S liberaliz\u00e1ciou trhov s energiami v Eur\u00f3pe sa z kedysi \u0161t\u00e1tom vlastnen\u00fdch infra\u0161trukt\u00far stal pre mno\u017estvo ziskov\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed lukrat\u00edvny biznis. Odberatelia plynu a elektriny musia s\u00fakromn\u00fdm monopolom \u010dasto plati\u0165 vysok\u00e9 poplatky na pokrytie n\u00e1kladov na prenos a distrib\u00faciu.<\/p>\n\n<p>V\u00fdsledkom je, \u017ee dvadsa\u0165\u0161es\u0165 \u010dlenov Eur\u00f3pskej siete prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eov prepravn\u00fdch siet\u00ed pre plyn (ENTSOG) dosiahlo len za prv\u00fdch \u0161es\u0165 mesiacov roku 2021 zisk vo v\u00fd\u0161ke <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/section\/energy\/news\/gas-companies-in-europe-made-e4-billion-from-energy-crunch-report\/\">4&nbsp;mili\u00e1rd eur<\/a>, a to e\u0161te pred zintenz\u00edvnen\u00edm kr\u00edzy fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv. \u0160tyria najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed prepravcovia plynu (TSO) v Eur\u00f3pe, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enagas.es\/en\/press-room\/news-room\/press-releases\/resultados-2021-vision-2030\/#:~:text=Enag%C3%A1s%20has%20posted%20a%20net,expected%20result%20for%20the%20year.\">Enag\u00e1s<\/a> (\u0160panielsko), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluxys.com\/en\/press-releases\/fluxys-belgium\/2022\/220330_press_annual_results\">Fluxys<\/a> (Belgicko), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.grtgaz.com\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-01\/Essentiel-2021-EN.pdf\">GRTgaz<\/a> (Franc\u00fazsko) a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snam.it\/en\/Investor_Relations\/Main-financial-data\/Financial-highlights\/\">Snam<\/a> (Taliansko), dosiahli v roku 2021 zisky presahuj\u00face 2&nbsp;miliardy eur. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibisworld.com\/united-kingdom\/industry-trends\/industries-highest-profit-margin\/\">V Spojenom kr\u00e1\u013eovstve<\/a> m\u00e1 odvetvie distrib\u00facie elektriny vy\u0161\u0161ie rozp\u00e4tie zisku ne\u017e ktor\u00e9ko\u013evek in\u00e9 odvetvie, a to konkr\u00e9tne 43,1&nbsp;%, pri\u010dom hne\u010f po \u0148om nasleduje odvetvie distrib\u00facie plynu rozp\u00e4t\u00edm zisku na \u00farovni 36,6&nbsp;%.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Zistilo sa, \u017ee austr\u00e1lskym spotrebite\u013eom sa v rokoch 2014 a\u017e 2021 za slu\u017eby elektriza\u010dnej s\u00fastavy \u00fa\u010dtovalo o <a href=\"https:\/\/ieefa.org\/resources\/no-justification-10-billion-monopoly-power-bill-shock\">10&nbsp;mili\u00e1rd austr\u00e1lskych dol\u00e1rov viac<\/a>, ne\u017e je potrebn\u00e9 na zabezpe\u010denie spo\u013eahlivej slu\u017eby. V Ju\u017enej Afrike energetick\u00e1 kr\u00edza \u2013 neust\u00e1lymi v\u00fdpadkami elektriny a v poslednom desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed aj <a href=\"https:\/\/pages.greenpeaceafrica.org\/out-of-the-dark?_ga=2.47116775.1190517247.1676204977-2145700004.1633340980\">od\u013eah\u010dovan\u00edm siete<\/a> jej vyp\u00ednan\u00edm \u2013 prin\u00fatila \u0161t\u00e1tnu energetick\u00fa spolo\u010dnos\u0165 dop\u013a\u0148a\u0165 v\u00fdrobu uho\u013enej energie naftou, ktor\u00e1 sa obstar\u00e1va <a href=\"https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/energy\/661635\/diesel-sharks-smell-blood-at-eskom\/\">nad ceny na \u010derpac\u00edch staniciach<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<p>In\u00fdmi slovami, energetick\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti, niektor\u00e9 priamo vlastnen\u00e9 spolo\u010dnos\u0165ami vyr\u00e1baj\u00facimi fos\u00edlne paliv\u00e1 ako dc\u00e9rske podniky, zar\u00e1baj\u00fa na dom\u00e1cnostiach, ktor\u00e9 nemaj\u00fa na v\u00fdber. T\u00e1to situ\u00e1cia m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 katastrof\u00e1lne n\u00e1sledky, predov\u0161etk\u00fdm pre najzranite\u013enej\u0161ie dom\u00e1cnosti. Tie pritom maj\u00fa na svoje \u00fa\u010dty za energie mal\u00fd vplyv: po odpo\u010d\u00edtan\u00ed sie\u0165ov\u00fdch poplatkov, dan\u00ed a odvodov m\u00f4\u017ee maloobchodn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 ich \u00fa\u010dtu predstavova\u0165 dokonca len <a href=\"https:\/\/energypost.eu\/what-do-german-households-pay-for-power-costs-surcharges-taxes-grid-fees\/\">\u0161tvrtinu celkov\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/0c08af93-gp0stv16e_web_size.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5098\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/0c08af93-gp0stv16e_web_size.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/0c08af93-gp0stv16e_web_size-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/0c08af93-gp0stv16e_web_size-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/0c08af93-gp0stv16e_web_size-510x340.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Protesty v obci L\u00fctzerath<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Odberatelia s n\u00edzkou spotrebou platia pre tarifn\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary ove\u013ea vy\u0161\u0161ie jednotkov\u00e9 ceny<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>V spravodlivom svete by bol pr\u00edstup k energi\u00e1m ako z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u013eudsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo re\u0161pektovan\u00fd a zabezpe\u010den\u00fd pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch. A odberatelia s n\u00edzkou spotrebou, ktor\u00ed \u010dasto m\u00e1vaj\u00fa aj n\u00edzke pr\u00edjmy, by za jednotkov\u00e9 ceny platili menej ne\u017e odberatelia s vysok\u00fdmi pr\u00edjmami a vysokou spotrebou.<\/p>\n\n<p>V na\u0161om svete sa v\u0161ak deje presn\u00fd opak: mnoh\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa namiesto objemov\u00fdch sadzieb vysok\u00e9 podiely fixn\u00fdch poplatkov a neuplat\u0148uj\u00fa progres\u00edvne tarify, tak\u017ee odberatelia s n\u00edzkou spotrebou, ktor\u00fdmi b\u00fdvaj\u00fa \u010dasto \u013eudia s n\u00edzkym pr\u00edjmom, v kone\u010dnom d\u00f4sledku platia <a href=\"https:\/\/www.synapse-energy.com\/sites\/default\/files\/Caught-in-a-Fix.pdf\">ove\u013ea vy\u0161\u0161ie jednotkov\u00e9 ceny<\/a> ako odberatelia s vysok\u00fdmi pr\u00edjmami a vysokou spotrebou, \u010do prehlbuje nerovnos\u0165, ke\u010f\u017ee najchudobnej\u0161\u00ed platia viac a najbohat\u0161\u00ed platia menej.<\/p>\n\n<p>V \u010dase energetickej kr\u00edzy a kr\u00edzy \u017eivotn\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov sa tieto tarifn\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary podie\u013eaj\u00fa na priv\u00e1dzan\u00ed \u013eud\u00ed do chudoby a udr\u017eiavan\u00ed ich v chudobe, v d\u00f4sledku \u010doho sa \u013eu\u010fom s n\u00edzkym pr\u00edjmom \u0165a\u017eko platia \u00fa\u010dty za energie, primerane vykuruje vlastn\u00e1 dom\u00e1cnos\u0165 alebo s\u00fa dokonca n\u00faten\u00ed vybera\u0165 si medzi jedlom a k\u00faren\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<lite-youtube style=\"background-image: url('https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/K6LA57fQTX4\/hqdefault.jpg');\" videoid=\"K6LA57fQTX4\" params=\"rel=0\"><\/lite-youtube>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Odp\u00e1janie a predplatn\u00e9 mera\u010de spotreby v\u00e4znia \u013eud\u00ed v za\u010darovanom kruhu chudoby<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>Za\u010diatkom roku 2022, kr\u00e1tko po vypuknut\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/international\/story\/57193\/global-energy-crisis-four-ways-europe-governments-must-respond\/\">ruskej vojny na Ukrajine<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eurofound.europa.eu\/publications\/report\/2022\/fifth-round-of-the-living-working-and-covid-19-e-survey-living-in-a-new-era-of-uncertainty\">uv\u00e1dzalo 16\u00a0% \u013eud\u00ed v E\u00da<\/a> nedoplatky na \u00fa\u010dtoch za energie, pri\u010dom v Gr\u00e9cku dosahovali a\u017e 50\u00a0%. Energetick\u00e1 kr\u00edza tla\u010d\u00ed \u013eud\u00ed do chudoby a v niektor\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch b\u00fdvaj\u00fa zranite\u013en\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti jednoducho odp\u00e1jan\u00e9 od elektrickej siete. Dod\u00e1vatelia energi\u00ed takto <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/section\/energy\/opinion\/how-many-people-will-be-cut-off-from-their-energy-supply-in-europe-this-winter\/\">odp\u00e1jaj\u00fa odberate\u013eov<\/a>, ktor\u00ed me\u0161kaj\u00fa s platbami, u\u017e dlho a k odpojeniu \u010dasto pristupuj\u00fa kr\u00e1tko po odoslan\u00ed upozornenia. V roku 2018 dosahovala miera odp\u00e1jania odberate\u013eov elektriny v kateg\u00f3rii dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed v Taliansku viac ako 4\u00a0% a hne\u010f po Taliansku nasledovalo Gr\u00e9cko s necel\u00fdmi 4\u00a0%.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong><em><u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/issues\/climate-energy\/46490\/despite-record-profits-fossil-fuel-companies-will-let-people-freeze-this-winter\/\">V\u00fdrobcovia fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv napriek rekordn\u00fdm ziskom nechaj\u00fa \u013eud\u00ed t\u00fato zimu mrzn\u00fa\u0165<\/a><\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>V niektor\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa energetick\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti predplatn\u00e9 mera\u010de spotreby. Sl\u00fa\u017eia im na vym\u00e1hanie dlhu, zakr\u00fdvanie miery odp\u00e1jania a nepriame odp\u00e1janie odberate\u013eov s finan\u010dn\u00fdmi probl\u00e9mami t\u00fdm, \u017ee im umo\u017enia, aby sa odpojili sami. Predplatn\u00e9 tarify, ktor\u00e9 \u010dasto b\u00fdvaj\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161ie ne\u017e ostatn\u00e9 tarify, vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa odberate\u013eov druhej kateg\u00f3rie a v\u00e4znia \u013eud\u00ed v za\u010darovanom kruhu chudoby.<\/p>\n\n<p>V <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-030-71217-4_4\">Ju\u017enej Afrike<\/a> si \u013eudia po zaveden\u00ed predplatn\u00fdch elektromerov za\u010dali nastavova\u0165 pr\u00eddel elektriny sami, \u010do viedlo k poklesu \u017eivotnej \u00farovne. V <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41560-021-00942-2.epdf?sharing_token=TNP13J4Bx5Peqj8moBzMp9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0M_5ZiQLhbgkKDezc3Oz6VdLOu9In7ne5z-xGjzVC9Ph0R4RGyaC6espH9JsFA-nWeQifftEZii0qN66YfgNwBjf1d50DGbdzdS6xubmdsagGywBTylq3F88cUiOIWjxss=\">Austr\u00e1lii<\/a> si zase obyvatelia od\u013eahl\u00fdch oblast\u00ed, najm\u00e4 domorod\u00fdch komun\u00edt, m\u00f4\u017eu pr\u00edstup k elektrine len predpl\u00e1ca\u0165, v d\u00f4sledku \u010doho s\u00fa v pr\u00edpade neplatenia pravidelne odp\u00e1jan\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"526\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/1cb03aa8-gp0sto9pk_web_size.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5099\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/1cb03aa8-gp0sto9pk_web_size.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/1cb03aa8-gp0sto9pk_web_size-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/1cb03aa8-gp0sto9pk_web_size-768x505.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-slovakia-stateless\/2023\/02\/1cb03aa8-gp0sto9pk_web_size-510x335.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ke\u010f\u017ee zranite\u013en\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti nie s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vne vykurova\u0165, \u010delia \u010doraz v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm zdravotn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>Uspokojovanie z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch energetick\u00fdch potrieb je pre mnoho \u013eud\u00ed cenovo nedostupn\u00e9 a viacer\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti tak \u017eij\u00fa v nedostato\u010dne vyk\u00faren\u00fdch domovoch, v d\u00f4sledku \u010doho v nich vznikaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne zdravotn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. T\u00e1to situ\u00e1cia pritom m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/international\/story\/57539\/health-issues-fossil-criminals-poisoned-gift-to-households\/\">stra\u0161n\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky<\/a>. Die\u0165a\u0165u \u017eij\u00facemu v energeticky chudobnej dom\u00e1cnosti hroz\u00ed o <a href=\"https:\/\/pure.ulster.ac.uk\/ws\/files\/11789864\/The_Impact_of_Fuel_Poverty_on_Children_Feb_09%5b1%5d.pdf\">30&nbsp;% vy\u0161\u0161ie riziko<\/a> pobytu v nemocnici alebo zariaden\u00ed poskytuj\u00facom prim\u00e1rnu zdravotn\u00fa starostlivos\u0165. Star\u0161\u00ed \u013eudia s\u00fa n\u00e1chylnej\u0161\u00ed na <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/news-events\/news-releases\/hypothermia-cold-weather-risk-older-people\">podchladenie<\/a> \u010di probl\u00e9my s\u00favisiace s du\u0161evn\u00fdm zdrav\u00edm, ako s\u00fa napr\u00edklad depresia, \u00fazkos\u0165, ale aj osamelos\u0165 a soci\u00e1lne vyl\u00fa\u010denie. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko zdravotn\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov, napr\u00edklad respira\u010dn\u00fdch, kardiovaskul\u00e1rnych probl\u00e9mov a probl\u00e9mov s du\u0161evn\u00fdm zdrav\u00edm, hroz\u00ed aj <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enpor.eu\/guest-article-women-are-highly-affected-by-energy-poverty-but-strong-in-fighting-it\/\">\u017een\u00e1m<\/a>, preto\u017ee s\u00fa ove\u013ea citlivej\u0161ie na chlad.<\/p>\n\n<p>V juhoafrickej provincii Mpumalanga p\u00f4sob\u00ed zhluk dvan\u00e1stich uho\u013en\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00ed. T\u00e1to provincia sa z\u00e1rove\u0148 nach\u00e1dza na vrchole rebr\u00ed\u010dka <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/africa\/en\/press\/4202\/new-satellite-data-reveals-the-worlds-largest-air-pollution-hotspot-is-mpumalanga-south-africa\/\">najrizikovej\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed v s\u00favislosti s koncentr\u00e1ciami NO<\/a><sub><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/africa\/en\/press\/4202\/new-satellite-data-reveals-the-worlds-largest-air-pollution-hotspot-is-mpumalanga-south-africa\/\">2 <\/a><\/sub><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/africa\/en\/press\/4202\/new-satellite-data-reveals-the-worlds-largest-air-pollution-hotspot-is-mpumalanga-south-africa\/\">na v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u0161iestich kontinentoch<\/a>. Zdravotn\u00e9 d\u00f4sledky tohto zne\u010distenia mo\u017eno pozorova\u0165 e\u0161te aj v hlavnom meste krajiny, ktor\u00e9 je od provincie vzdialen\u00e9 sto kilometrov. Preto nie je prekvapuj\u00face, \u017ee tamoj\u0161\u00edch obyvate\u013eov tr\u00e1pi zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd v\u00fdskyt respira\u010dn\u00fdch ochoren\u00ed, a to najm\u00e4 z d\u00f4vodu, \u017ee mnoh\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/media.greenpeace.org\/C.aspx?VP3=SearchResult_VPage&amp;STID=27MZIF3OPP_P\">s\u00fa st\u00e1le odk\u00e1zan\u00ed na uhlie<\/a>, preto\u017ee nemaj\u00fa pr\u00edstup k elektrine, hoci \u017eij\u00fa v tesnej bl\u00edzkosti elektr\u00e1rn\u00ed a dokonca ich aj obsluhuj\u00fa.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>V E\u00da nebolo v roku 2020 schopn\u00fdch dostato\u010dne vykurova\u0165 svoje dom\u00e1cnosti celkovo <a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/thinktank\/en\/document\/EPRS_BRI(2022)733583\">36\u00a0mili\u00f3nov \u013eud\u00ed<\/a>, \u010do je len \u010das\u0165 z mno\u017estva \u010fal\u0161\u00edch mili\u00f3nov Eur\u00f3paniek a Eur\u00f3panov trpiacich energetickou chudobou. Na\u0161a z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv v\u0161ak za\u0165a\u017euje okrem dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e teraz z\u00e1pasia s rast\u00facimi cenami, aj syst\u00e9my zdravotnej starostlivosti. Nevyhovuj\u00face b\u00fdvanie v 27\u00a0\u010dlensk\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie a Spojenom kr\u00e1\u013eovstve pod\u013ea odhadov celkovo <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2352827320303025\">zvy\u0161uje n\u00e1klady na zdravotn\u00fa starostlivos\u0165 o dodato\u010dn\u00fdch 194\u00a0mili\u00e1rd eur<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<lite-youtube style=\"background-image: url('https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/DYeZLHQz9rI\/hqdefault.jpg');\" videoid=\"DYeZLHQz9rI\" params=\"rel=0\"><\/lite-youtube>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Nerovnos\u0165 sp\u00f4sobovan\u00e1 odvetv\u00edm fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv je v\u0161ade: nastal \u010das na spravodlivos\u0165<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>Fos\u00edlne spolo\u010dnosti dosahuj\u00fa zisky na \u00fakor najzranite\u013enej\u0161\u00edch odberate\u013eov, \u010d\u00edm priamo prispievaj\u00fa k prehlbovaniu nerovnosti. Okrem toho <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2019\/oct\/24\/fossil-fuel-big-five-spent-251m-lobbying-european-union-2010-climate-crisis\">intenz\u00edvne lobuj\u00fa<\/a> za to, aby to tak zostalo a aby sa zabr\u00e1nilo prechodu na \u010dist\u00fa energiu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Energetick\u00e1 kr\u00edza a na\u0161a z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv len zhor\u0161uje u\u017e existuj\u00facu nespravodlivos\u0165 v na\u0161ej spolo\u010dnosti. A to ist\u00e9 rob\u00ed aj klimatick\u00e1 kr\u00edza, ktor\u00fa prim\u00e1rne prehlbuje pr\u00e1ve odvetvie fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv. Cel\u00fd svet tr\u00e1pia \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161ie a prud\u0161ie <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/international\/story\/55880\/in-pictures-climate-emergencies-around-the-world\/\">z\u00e1plavy, vlny hor\u00fa\u010dav a in\u00e9 extr\u00e9mne v\u00fdkyvy po\u010dasia<\/a>. Kl\u00edmu po\u0161kodzuj\u00faci biznis odvetvia fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv pritom poru\u0161uje z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u013eudsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1va obyvate\u013eov v\u0161etk\u00fdch k\u00fatov sveta a najviac zasahuje obyvate\u013eov kraj\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 ku klimatickej kr\u00edze prispeli najmenej, a \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa u\u017e v na\u0161ich spolo\u010dnostiach tak \u010di tak diskriminovan\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Koloni\u00e1lny pr\u00edstup k \u0165a\u017ebe a vykoris\u0165ovanie na celom africkom kontinente na\u010falej <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/international\/story\/57110\/big-oils-generational-curse-pollutant-related-epigenetic-changes-keeps-south-africans-in-poverty-cycle\/\">su\u017euje komunity<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/international\/story\/55884\/decolonisation-a-crucial-prerequisite-to-environmental-justice-in-africa\/\">ochromuje ekonomiky<\/a> a vytl\u00e1\u010da ekosyst\u00e9my na okraj. Africk\u00ed aktivisti a aktivistky <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/international\/press-release\/56791\/african-activists-resist-oil-gas-touting-leaders-cop27\/\">\u017eiadaj\u00fa od svojich vl\u00e1d lep\u0161ie opatrenia<\/a> \u2013 postupn\u00e9 vyradenie fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv a zabezpe\u010denie \u010distej, bezpe\u010dnej decentralizovanej obnovite\u013enej energie pre 600&nbsp;mili\u00f3nov Afri\u010danov a Afri\u010daniek bojuj\u00facich s energetickou chudobou.<\/p>\n\n<p>Poru\u0161ovanie \u013eudsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 klimatickou kr\u00edzou predstavuje len \u010das\u0165 z prehre\u0161kov, ktor\u00fdch sa odvetvie fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv samo dop\u00fa\u0161\u0165a alebo sa na nich prinajmen\u0161om podie\u013ea. Toto odvetvie m\u00e1 korene v n\u00e1silnom koloni\u00e1lnom a kapitalistickom syst\u00e9me a zodpoved\u00e1 za nespo\u010detn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo \u010fal\u0161\u00edch zlo\u010dinov proti \u017eivotn\u00e9mu prostrediu a \u013eudskosti. A tieto zlo\u010diny mu prech\u00e1dzaj\u00fa u\u017e pr\u00edli\u0161 dlho. \u013dudia sa za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa proti zlo\u010dinn\u00fdm v\u00fdrobcom fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv stava\u0165, preto\u017ee n\u00e1s \u017een\u00fa do \u010doraz hlb\u0161ej klimatickej kr\u00edzy a v celom svete sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa smr\u0165, skazu a vys\u00edd\u013eovanie. Na to, aby sme mohli \u017ei\u0165 v spravodlivom, zelenom a mierovom svete, potrebujeme klimatick\u00fa spravodlivos\u0165.<\/p>\n\n<p>Dos\u0165 bolo zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv, chceme spravodlivos\u0165!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fos\u00edlne spolo\u010dnosti od sam\u00e9ho za\u010diatku svojej existencie ni\u010dia \u017eivoty a \u017eivobytie cel\u00fdch spolo\u010denstiev, zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00fa \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie a klam\u00fa, len aby mohli \u010falej zar\u00e1ba\u0165.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":5099,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[21,3],"tags":[18,6],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-5096","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-greenpeace","category-zmen","tag-energia","tag-klimatickakriza","p4-page-type-clanok"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5096","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5096"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5096\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9921,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5096\/revisions\/9921"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5099"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5096"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5096"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5096"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=5096"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}