{"id":5708,"date":"2024-05-10T14:08:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-10T12:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/?p=5708"},"modified":"2024-05-10T14:09:11","modified_gmt":"2024-05-10T12:09:11","slug":"5-veci-ktore-by-ste-mali-vediet-o-europskych-lesoch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/clanok\/5708\/5-veci-ktore-by-ste-mali-vediet-o-europskych-lesoch\/","title":{"rendered":"5 vec\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 by ste mali vedie\u0165 o eur\u00f3pskych lesoch"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Lesy pokr\u00fdvaj\u00fa pribli\u017ene 40 % rozlohy Eur\u00f3py<\/a> a vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa zelen\u00fa a svie\u017eu krajinu. Ak sa v\u0161ak pozrieme na \u0161tatistiky, uk\u00e1\u017ee sa temnej\u0161ia realita ich stavu. Tu je p\u00e4\u0165 vec\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 ste o s\u00fa\u010dasnom stave eur\u00f3pskych lesov pravdepodobne nevedeli.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

1. Rozmanitos\u0165 lesov je ohrozen\u00e1<\/h3>\n\n
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Ni\u010denie lesov vo F\u00ednsku. Oblas\u0165 lesa v ju\u017enom F\u00ednsku, ktor\u00fa v roku 2018 vyr\u00fabala a nesk\u00f4r sp\u00e1lila f\u00ednska lesn\u00edcka spolo\u010dnos\u0165 UPM. \u00a9 Jani Sipil\u00e4 \/ Greenpeace<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

A\u017e 75 % eur\u00f3pskych lesov vykazuje znepokojiv\u00fd vzorec<\/a> – stromy v nich maj\u00fa rovnak\u00fd vek. Navy\u0161e takmer tretinu lesov E\u00da tvor\u00ed len jeden druh stromov, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou ihli\u010dnany. T\u00e1to uniformita sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 intenz\u00edvnym priemyseln\u00fdm obhospodarovan\u00edm lesov m\u00e1 pre tieto vz\u00e1cne ekosyst\u00e9my neblah\u00e9 d\u00f4sledky.<\/p>\n\n

2. Eur\u00f3pske lesy str\u00e1caj\u00fa svoje endemick\u00e9 a najvy\u0161\u0161ie stromy<\/h3>\n\n
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Aktivisti Greenpeace blokuj\u00fa \u0165a\u017ebu dreva v Belove\u017eskom lese, jednom z posledn\u00fdch n\u00ed\u017einn\u00fdch lesov v Eur\u00f3pe \u00a9 Greenpeace<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Viac ako polovici eur\u00f3pskych endemick\u00fdch drev\u00edn – t\u00fdch, ktor\u00e9 sa nenach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa nikde inde na svete, ako napr\u00edklad ikonick\u00fd paga\u0161tan konsk\u00fd, jase\u0148 alebo \u017eeriav – hroz\u00ed, \u017ee vyhynie<\/a> a zmizne zo svojho prirodzen\u00e9ho prostredia star\u00fdch a druhovo bohat\u00fdch lesov. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 prich\u00e1dzame o najvy\u0161\u0161ie polo\u017een\u00e9 lesy Eur\u00f3py.<\/a> Intenz\u00edvne obhospodarovan\u00e9 lesy s mal\u00fdm po\u010dtom druhov stromov nahr\u00e1dzaj\u00fa rozmanit\u00e9 a ekologicky cenn\u00e9 prirodzen\u00e9 lesy, ktor\u00fdm sa kedysi na kontinente darilo, \u010do m\u00e1 negat\u00edvny vplyv na miestnu biodiverzitu.<\/p>\n\n

3. Eur\u00f3pske lesy s\u00fa \u010doraz zranite\u013enej\u0161ie<\/h3>\n\n
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Aktivisti Greenpeace dr\u017eia transparent v oblasti v\u00fdrubu v ukrajinsk\u00fdch Karpatoch. Eur\u00f3pske spolo\u010dnosti sa podie\u013eaj\u00fa na ni\u010den\u00ed miestnych star\u00fdch lesov kv\u00f4li drevu, ktor\u00e9 sa pred\u00e1va v celej Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanii \u00a9 Dominik Werner \/ Greenpeace<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Priemyseln\u00e9 lesn\u00edcke postupy v\u00e1\u017ene po\u0161kodili komplexnos\u0165 eur\u00f3pskych lesov a ovplyvnili rozmanitos\u0165 rastl\u00edn a \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov. Tento nedostatok rozmanitosti oslabuje odolnos\u0165 lesov, tak\u017ee viac ako 60 % stromov je zranite\u013en\u00fdch vo\u010di po\u017eiarom<\/a>, \u0161kodcom a b\u00farkam. \u00damrtnos\u0165 kor\u00fan stromov sa od konca 20. storo\u010dia zdvojn\u00e1sobila.<\/a><\/p>\n\n

Lesy s rozmanitos\u0165ou druhov stromov, vekov\u00fdch kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed a rastov\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1di\u00ed s\u00fa odolnej\u0161ie vo\u010di klimatickej kr\u00edze a ukladaj\u00fa viac uhl\u00edka. Okrem toho tieto r\u00f4znorod\u00e9 lesy zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa \u00falohu pri \u010disten\u00ed ovzdu\u0161ia, filtrovan\u00ed vody, zvl\u00e1dan\u00ed povodn\u00ed, prevencii er\u00f3zie a zachov\u00e1van\u00ed biodiverzity.<\/p>\n\n

4. V Eur\u00f3pe sme u\u017e stratili 97 % star\u00fdch lesov<\/h3>\n\n
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Dobrovo\u013en\u00edci Greenpeace z 10 eur\u00f3pskych kraj\u00edn zmapovali jeden z posledn\u00fdch p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch star\u00fdch lesov v Eur\u00f3pe v Rumunsku, aby upozornili na potrebu ich z\u00e1konnej ochrany. \u00a9 Mitja Kobal \/ Greenpeace<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Lesy a prirodzene sa obnovuj\u00face star\u00e9 lesy s vysokou biodiverzitou patria k najbohat\u0161\u00edm lesn\u00fdm prostrediam. Tieto lesy zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu pri udr\u017eiavan\u00ed zdravia ekosyst\u00e9mov na\u0161ej plan\u00e9ty a sl\u00fa\u017eia ako ochrann\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra pred d\u00f4sledkami klimatickej kr\u00edzy a kr\u00edzy biodiverzity. Bohu\u017eia\u013e, p\u00f4vodn\u00e9 star\u00e9 lesy v E\u00da maj\u00fa obmedzen\u00fd rozsah, je ich m\u00e1lo, existuj\u00fa len vo fragmentovan\u00fdch oblastiach a tvoria menej ako 3 % celkovej rozlohy lesov v E\u00da.<\/a><\/p>\n\n

5. Biodiverzita alarmuj\u00faco kles\u00e1<\/h3>\n\n
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Karpaty s\u00fa domovom najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej eur\u00f3pskej popul\u00e1cie medve\u010fa hned\u00e9ho, vlka, kamz\u00edka a rysa, ako aj viac ako tretiny v\u0161etk\u00fdch eur\u00f3pskych druhov rastl\u00edn. \u00a9 Tom\u00e1\u0161 Hul\u00edk \/ Greenpeace<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Neudr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9, ale st\u00e1le roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9 priemyseln\u00e9 lesn\u00e9 hospod\u00e1rstvo zmenilo na\u0161e lesy z miest, kde \u017eije biodiverzita, na tov\u00e1rne na drevo, v ktor\u00fdch u\u017e mnoh\u00e9 druhy nem\u00f4\u017eu \u017ei\u0165. Pod\u013ea organiz\u00e1cie Birdlife International ub\u00fada viac ako \u0161tvrtina v\u0161etk\u00fdch druhov vt\u00e1kov viazan\u00fdch na lesn\u00e9 biotopy<\/a>. Napr\u00edklad norok eur\u00f3psky a hrabo\u0161 bavorsk\u00fd s\u00fa kriticky ohrozen\u00e9 <\/a>– len kr\u00f4\u010dik od vyhynutia. Mnoh\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie druhy patria do kateg\u00f3rie zranite\u013en\u00fdch alebo ohrozen\u00fdch.<\/p>\n\n

Odles\u0148ovanie, v\u00fdrub a odstra\u0148ovanie stanovi\u0161tn\u00fdch stromov, m\u0155tveho dreva a p\u0148ov m\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u00fd negat\u00edvny vplyv na druhy z\u00e1visl\u00e9 od lesa, ako s\u00fa hmyz, cicavce, neovaskul\u00e1rne rastliny (napr. machy, ostrice a pe\u010de\u0148ovky) a hniezdiace vt\u00e1ky.<\/p>\n\n

S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd stav eur\u00f3pskych lesov si vy\u017eaduje naliehav\u00e9 a rozhodn\u00e9 opatrenia. Chamtiv\u00e9 korpor\u00e1cie podporovan\u00e9 bankami, ktor\u00e9 im poskytuj\u00fa miliardy eur<\/a>, vykoris\u0165uj\u00fa a ni\u010dia pr\u00edrodu v Eur\u00f3pe a na celom svete. Je na\u010dase postavi\u0165 sa ziskuchtivcom, ktor\u00ed ohrozuj\u00fa na\u0161e blaho a biodiverzitu.<\/p>\n\n

Eur\u00f3pski politici musia bra\u0165 svoju zodpovednos\u0165 za ochranu a obnovu eur\u00f3pskych lesov v\u00e1\u017ene. Na za\u010diatok musia okam\u017eite zastavi\u0165 \u0165a\u017ebu p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch star\u00fdch lesov a lesov, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa potenci\u00e1l sta\u0165 sa \u010doskoro star\u00fdmi lesmi, a prejs\u0165 na pr\u00edrode bl\u00edzke lesn\u00e9 hospod\u00e1rstvo, aby sa v bud\u00facnosti neopakovali rovnak\u00e9 chyby.<\/p>\n\n

\n
Podp\u00ed\u0161 pet\u00edciu za ochranu na\u0161ich karpatsk\u00fdch lesov<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

Naliehavo potrebujeme, aby eur\u00f3pske vl\u00e1dy prijali opatrenia na zmiernenie d\u00f4sledkov klimatickej kr\u00edzy, zastavili \u00fa\u017eern\u00edkov a dali prednos\u0165 pr\u00edrode.<\/p>\n\n

Emma Petterssonov\u00e1 je mana\u017e\u00e9rkou digit\u00e1lnych kampan\u00ed v eur\u00f3pskom t\u00edme Greenpeace.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lesy pokr\u00fdvaj\u00fa pribli\u017ene 40 % rozlohy Eur\u00f3py a vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa zelen\u00fa a svie\u017eu krajinu. Ak sa v\u0161ak pozrieme na \u0161tatistiky, uk\u00e1\u017ee sa temnej\u0161ia realita ich stavu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":5713,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,21,5],"tags":[8],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-5708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chran","category-greenpeace","category-issues","tag-lesy","p4-page-type-clanok"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5708","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5708"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5708\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5714,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5708\/revisions\/5714"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5713"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5708"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=5708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}