{"id":716,"date":"2017-01-19T13:34:00","date_gmt":"2017-01-19T12:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/master.k8s.p4.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/press\/716\/neonikotinoidy-vazna-hrozba-pre-opelovace-a-vela-inych-zivocichov\/"},"modified":"2019-11-06T10:04:18","modified_gmt":"2019-11-06T09:04:18","slug":"neonikotinoidy-vazna-hrozba-pre-opelovace-a-vela-inych-zivocichov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/clanok\/716\/neonikotinoidy-vazna-hrozba-pre-opelovace-a-vela-inych-zivocichov\/","title":{"rendered":"Neonikot\u00ednoidy: v\u00e1\u017ena hrozba pre ope\u013eova\u010de a ve\u013ea in\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
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V tomto \u010dase je u\u017e ve\u013ea \u013eud\u00ed obozn\u00e1men\u00fdch s\u00a0neonikot\u00ednoidmi a v\u00e1\u017enu hrozbou, ktor\u00fa tieto chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky predstavuj\u00fa pre v\u010dely medonosn\u00e9. V\u010dely s\u00fa priamym spojen\u00edm medzi biodiverzitou a ope\u013eovan\u00edm neuverite\u013en\u00e9ho mno\u017estva na\u0161ej produkcie jedla. A\u017e 75 % plod\u00edn je priamo alebo nepriamo z\u00e1visl\u00fdch od ope\u013eovania. Preto mus\u00edme za\u010da\u0165 chr\u00e1ni\u0165 ope\u013eova\u010de pred hrozbou, ktor\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvanie pestic\u00eddov ako neonikot\u00ednoidy predstavuje. V roku 2013 vedeck\u00e9 zistenia viedli k \u010diasto\u010dn\u00e9mu z\u00e1kazu pou\u017e\u00edvania \u0161tyroch naj\u0161kodlivej\u0161\u00edch pestic\u00eddov pre v\u010delstv\u00e1 (klotianid\u00edn, imidakloprid, tiametox\u00e1m a fipronil)- aspo\u0148 teda \u010do sa t\u00fdka ich aplik\u00e1cie na plodiny ope\u013eovan\u00e9 v\u010delami.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n \"\"<\/p>\n

<\/a>\n <\/div>\n

\n 19. janu\u00e1ra 2017<\/span>
\n <\/strong><\/p>\n

\n Vplyv neonikot\u00ednoidov na v\u010dely medonosn\u00e9, \u010dmeliaky, div\u00e9 v\u010dely. Vplyv na p\u00f4dne organizmy, vodn\u00e9 organizmy, mot\u00fdle a vt\u00e1ky.\n <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Stovky nov\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadiu dokazuj\u00fa, \u017ee hrozba je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia, ako sme si mysleli<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aj po roku 2013 pokra\u010dovalo sk\u00famanie vplyvov pou\u017e\u00edvania neonikot\u00ednoidov v\u00a0po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej produkcii.\u00a0 Greenpeace po\u017eiadal jednu z najv\u00e1\u017eenej\u0161\u00edch in\u0161tit\u00facii v tomto odvetv\u00ed, Univerzitu v Sussexe, aby pre\u0161tudovala v\u0161etky nov\u00e9 nadobudnut\u00e9 poznatky v\u00a0tomto v\u00fdskume. Dvaja nez\u00e1visl\u00ed vedci analyzovali stovky \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed a na z\u00e1klade t\u00fdchto inform\u00e1cii vytvorili nov\u00fa spr\u00e1vu pln\u00fa poznatkov.<\/a> Bohu\u017eia\u013e, t\u00e1to nov\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia n\u00e1m vykres\u013euje ove\u013ea hor\u0161\u00ed obraz, ako sme doteraz odhadovali. Odha\u013euje toti\u017e, \u017ee neonikot\u00ednoidy nie s\u00fa v\u00e1\u017enou hrozbou len pre v\u010dely medonosn\u00e9, ale tie\u017e pre \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum in\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov, ak\u00fdmi s\u00fa napr\u00edklad \u010dmeliaky, mot\u00fdle, vt\u00e1ky \u010di dokonca vodn\u00fd hmyz.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Priemyseln\u00e9 po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo: hrozba pre rastlinstvo, zver a \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie<\/strong><\/p>\n

Niektor\u00e9 druhy \u010dmeliakov s\u00fa u\u017e v \u00fabytku a\u00a0pomaly hyn\u00fa. Neonikot\u00ednoidy m\u00f4\u017eeme n\u00e1js\u0165 v rastlin\u00e1ch susediacich s po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskymi po\u013eami a vo ve\u013ekom mno\u017estve r\u00f4znych vodn\u00fdch zdrojov zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fac priekopy, kalu\u017ee, jazierka, horsk\u00e9 pramene, rieky, do\u010dasn\u00e9 mokrade, sneh, podzemn\u00e9 vody a v\u00fdpuste zo zavla\u017eovac\u00edch syst\u00e9mov pre rastliny. Inform\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 sa t\u00fdkaj\u00fa aj in\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161nych druhov n\u00e1m poskytuj\u00fa rovnako znepokojuj\u00faci poh\u013ead. Mnoho po\u013en\u00fdch mot\u00fd\u013eov, chrob\u00e1kov a hmyzo\u017erav\u00e9ho vt\u00e1ctva ako napr\u00edklad lastovi\u010dka domov\u00e1 alebo jarabice prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa do kontaktu s pestic\u00eddmi \u010di u\u017e priamo alebo prostredn\u00edctvom potravinov\u00e9ho re\u0165azca. Vodn\u00fd hmyz m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 vystaven\u00fd neonikot\u00ednoidom cez v\u00fdluhy z po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej p\u00f4dy, z osievac\u00edch a postrekov\u00fdch strojov a vo vodn\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v sklen\u00edkoch. Tieto toxick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky s\u00fa teda v na\u0161om \u017eivotnom prostred\u00ed, nie iba na po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskych poliach.<\/p>\n

Zme\u0148me na\u0161u z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od pestic\u00eddov<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dabytok ope\u013eova\u010dov je jedn\u00fdm zo sympt\u00f3mov zlyh\u00e1vaj\u00faceho syst\u00e9mu priemyseln\u00e9ho po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva. Je tie\u017e zodpovedn\u00fd za mizn\u00facu biodiverzitu, likviduje sp\u00e1san\u00e9 plochy a je plne z\u00e1visl\u00fd od toxick\u00fdch chemik\u00e1li\u00ed. Ope\u013eova\u010de s\u00fa pravidelne vystavovan\u00e9 insektic\u00eddom, herbic\u00eddom a fungic\u00eddom. Ak chceme skuto\u010dne zodpovedne prist\u00fapi\u0165 k ich ochrane, mus\u00edme \u00faplne zak\u00e1za\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvanie pestic\u00eddov \u0161kodliv\u00fdch pre na\u0161e v\u010dely, a\u00a0to po\u010dn\u00fac tromi neonikot\u00ednodimi. Na to, aby sme\u00a0 vymanili z na\u0161ej z\u00e1vislosti od syntetick\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch pestic\u00eddov, mus\u00edme sa tie\u017e pohn\u00fa\u0165 smerom k ekologick\u00fdm alternat\u00edvam.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ekologick\u00e9 po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo chr\u00e1ni na\u0161e ope\u013eova\u010de <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ekologick\u00e9 po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo udr\u017eiava biodiverzitu bez ak\u00fdchko\u013evek chemick\u00fdch pestic\u00eddov alebo syntetick\u00fdch hnoj\u00edv.\u00a0 Tie\u017e zvy\u0161uje celkov\u00fa odolnos\u0165 na\u0161ich ekosyst\u00e9mov. Mnoho eur\u00f3pskych farm\u00e1rov je ochotn\u00fdch zmeni\u0165 svoje po\u013enohospod\u00e1rske met\u00f3dy, av\u0161ak ich z\u00e1vislos\u0165 od pestic\u00eddov a hnoj\u00edv ich ponech\u00e1va akosi zaseknut\u00fdch v syst\u00e9me. Politici by preto mali pom\u00f4c\u0165 farm\u00e1rom pri prechode na ekologick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy. Mali by eliminova\u0165 naj\u0161kodlivej\u0161ie dot\u00e1cie pre \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie a presun\u00fa\u0165 tieto zdroje do v\u00fdskumu a siln\u00e9ho rozvoja ekologick\u00e9ho po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva na vidieku. Je to dlh\u00e1 cesta, av\u0161ak je to jedin\u00e1 mo\u017en\u00e1 alternat\u00edva pre riadnu ochranu n\u00e1\u0161ho vt\u00e1ctva, mot\u00fd\u013eov, v\u010diel a in\u00fdch ope\u013eova\u010dov.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Anne Vallete<\/strong><\/p>\n

je l\u00edderkou projektu za ekologick\u00e9 po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo v Greenpeace Franc\u00fazsko<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V tomto \u010dase je u\u017e ve\u013ea \u013eud\u00ed obozn\u00e1men\u00fdch s\u00a0neonikot\u00ednoidmi a v\u00e1\u017enu hrozbou, ktor\u00fa tieto chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky predstavuj\u00fa pre v\u010dely medonosn\u00e9. V\u010dely s\u00fa priamym spojen\u00edm medzi biodiverzitou a ope\u013eovan\u00edm neuverite\u013en\u00e9ho mno\u017estva na\u0161ej produkcie jedla. A\u017e 75 % plod\u00edn je priamo alebo nepriamo z\u00e1visl\u00fdch od ope\u013eovania. Preto mus\u00edme za\u010da\u0165 chr\u00e1ni\u0165 ope\u013eova\u010de pred hrozbou, ktor\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvanie pestic\u00eddov ako neonikot\u00ednoidy predstavuje. V roku 2013 vedeck\u00e9 zistenia viedli k \u010diasto\u010dn\u00e9mu z\u00e1kazu pou\u017e\u00edvania \u0161tyroch naj\u0161kodlivej\u0161\u00edch pestic\u00eddov pre v\u010delstv\u00e1 (klotianid\u00edn, imidakloprid, tiametox\u00e1m a fipronil)- aspo\u0148 teda \u010do sa t\u00fdka ich aplik\u00e1cie na plodiny ope\u013eovan\u00e9 v\u010delami.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":717,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"","p4_local_project":"","p4_basket_name":"","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[19],"p4-page-type":[16],"class_list":["post-716","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zmen","tag-jedlo","p4-page-type-clanok"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/716","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=716"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/716\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":721,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/716\/revisions\/721"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/717"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=716"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=716"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/slovakia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}